Molecular nutrition : vitamins PDF
Preview Molecular nutrition : vitamins
Molecular Nutrition This pageintentionallyleftblank Molecular Nutrition Vitamins Editedby VINOOD B. PATEL, PHD, FHEA, FRSC School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom AcademicPressisanimprintofElsevier 125LondonWall,LondonEC2Y5AS,UnitedKingdom 525BStreet,Suite1650,SanDiego,CA92101,UnitedStates 50HampshireStreet,5thFloor,Cambridge,MA02139,UnitedStates TheBoulevard,LangfordLane,Kidlington,OxfordOX51GB,UnitedKingdom Copyright©2020ElsevierInc.Allrightsreserved. Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans, electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,recording,oranyinformationstorageand retrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher.Detailsonhowtoseek permission,furtherinformationaboutthePublisher’spermissionspoliciesandour arrangementswithorganizationssuchastheCopyrightClearanceCenterandtheCopyright LicensingAgency,canbefoundatourwebsite:www.elsevier.com/permissions. Thisbookandtheindividualcontributionscontainedinitareprotectedundercopyrightby thePublisher(otherthanasmaybenotedherein). Notices Knowledgeandbestpracticeinthisfieldareconstantlychanging.Asnewresearchand experiencebroadenourunderstanding,changesinresearchmethods,professionalpractices, ormedicaltreatmentmaybecomenecessary. Practitionersandresearchersmustalwaysrelyontheirownexperienceandknowledgein evaluatingandusinganyinformation,methods,compounds,orexperimentsdescribed herein.Inusingsuchinformationormethodstheyshouldbemindfuloftheirownsafety andthesafetyofothers,includingpartiesforwhomtheyhaveaprofessionalresponsibility. Tothefullestextentofthelaw,neitherthePublishernortheauthors,contributors,or editors,assumeanyliabilityforanyinjuryand/ordamagetopersonsorpropertyasamatter ofproductsliability,negligenceorotherwise,orfromanyuseoroperationofanymethods, products,instructions,orideascontainedinthematerialherein. BritishLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData AcatalogrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress ISBN:978-0-12-811907-5 ForInformationonallAcademicPresspublications visitourwebsiteathttps://www.elsevier.com/books-and-journals Publisher:CharlotteCockle AcquisitionEditor:MeganR.Ball EditorialProjectManager:ReddingMorse ProductionProjectManager:VigneshTamil CoverDesigner:MilesHitchen TypesetbyMPSLimited,Chennai,India Contents ListofContributors xvii SeriesPreface xxv Preface xxvii Part I General and Introductory Aspects 1 1. Referencedietary requirements of vitamins in different stages of life 3 MinaYamazakiPriceandVictorR.Preedy Keyfactsofvitamins 4 Summarypoints 4 Definitionsofwordsandterms 4 Abbreviations 5 1.1 Introduction 5 1.2 Referencedietaryrequirements 7 1.3 Fat-solublevitamins 9 1.4 Water-solublevitamins 15 1.5 Challengesofmeetingrequirements 29 References 30 Furtherreading 32 2. Bioactive vitamin(cid:1)metal compounds:other potential applications of vitamins 33 PaulaBrandãoandSamuelGuieu Keyfactsofvitamin(cid:1)metalcomplexes 33 Summarypoints 34 Abbreviations 34 2.1 Introduction 34 2.2 Vitamin-basedmetalcomplexes 35 2.3 Vitamin-basedmetal(cid:1)organicframeworksasdeliveryvehicles oftherapeuticmolecules 43 2.4 Vitamin-basedmultinuclearmetalcompoundswithmagnetic, luminescent,andelectricalproperties 44 2.5 Summary 46 Acknowledgments 46 References 46 v vi Contents 3. VitaminE: an overview 51 FaridKhallouki,RobertWynOwen,MouradAkdad,BachirElBouhali, SandrineSilvente-PoirotandMarcPoirot Summarypoints 51 3.1 ChemistryofvitaminE 52 3.2 BiosynthesisofvitaminE 54 3.3 VitaminEcomponentsarephenolicantioxidants 54 3.4 VitaminEoxidationproducts 55 3.5 VitaminEandhumanpathologies 56 3.6 VitaminEanddiseaseprevention 57 3.7 MoleculartargetsforvitaminE 58 3.8 InterferenceofvitaminEwiththepharmacologicalactionofdrugs 58 3.9 Conclusion 61 References 61 4. VitaminE: structure and forms 67 RenataSzyman´ska,BeatryczeNowicka,AgnieszkaTrela andJerzyKruk KeyfactsofvitaminE 67 Definitionofwordsandterms 68 Abbreviations 69 4.1 Introduction 70 4.2 Chemistry,biosynthesis,andoccurrenceofvitaminE 71 4.3 RarenaturalformsofvitaminE 78 4.4 Extraction,separation,anddetectionmethodsofvitaminE 79 4.5 NutritionalvalueofvitaminE 83 References 87 5. Riboflavin-enriched fermentedsoy milk for redox-mediated gut modulation: in the searchof novel prebiotics 91 KiranThakur,Zhao-JunWeiandSudhirKumarTomar 5.1 Introduction 91 5.2 Riboflavinasanessentialvitamin 95 5.3 Riboflavinasanovelprebioticingredient? 95 5.4 Redox-mediatedgutmodulationbyvitaminB 97 2 5.5 Soyaasanidealsubstrateforlacticacidbacteriafermentation 99 5.6 Conclusionandfutureoutlook 100 References 102 Contents vii 6. Areviewof vitamin B12 105 GianlucaRizzoandAntonioSimoneLaganà KeyfactsofvitaminB12 105 Summarypoints 106 Definitionsofwordsandterms 106 Abbreviations 107 6.1 Introduction 108 6.2 Cobalamincontentinfood 110 6.3 Absorptionandtransportthroughthebody 112 6.4 Cellulartraffickingandmetabolism 115 6.5 Cobalaminshortageanddeficiencyprocesses 119 6.6 Howothervitaminsareaffectedorbehave 123 References 124 7. Nutrigenomic aspects of dietary pyridoxine (vitamin B )and 6 selenium interaction and their implications in reproduction 131 DanyelBuenoDaltoandJean-JacquesMatte Keyfactsoftransmethylationandtranssulfurationinembryosandthe impactofvitaminB totheinterplaybetweenthem 131 6 Summarypoints 132 Abbreviations 132 7.1 Introduction 133 7.2 Pyridoxinesources,recommendations,andbioavailability 134 7.3 Seleniumsources,recommendations,andbioavailability 135 7.4 Transmethylationandtranssulfurationpathways 137 7.5 Pyridoxineandseleniuminteractionforthesynthesisofselenoproteins 139 7.6 Dietarypyridoxineandseleniumonembryodevelopment:studies usingapigmodel 141 7.7 Conclusions 147 References 147 Furtherreading 151 8. Vitamin K2 is a key regulator ofclinically relevant molecular processes 153 MariaFusaro,MarioPlebani,GiovanniTripepi,GiorgioIervasi,John Cunningham,FrancescoLocatelli,MartinaZaninotto,AndreaAghi, MariaCristinaMereuandMaurizioGallieni Summarypoints 153 Abbreviations 154 viii Contents 8.1 Introduction 155 8.2 Metabolism,recycling,andfunctionsofvitaminK 156 8.3 VitaminKstatusandvitaminK(cid:1)dependentproteins 158 8.4 Clinicaluseofmenaquinones 166 8.5 Conclusion 168 References 168 9. Biotin status screening 173 Shin-ichiroHagiwara Summarypoints 173 Definitionsofwordsandterms 174 9.1 Introduction 174 9.2 Whatisbiotin? 175 9.3 Biotinphysiology 175 9.4 Causesofbiotindeficiency 177 9.5 Symptoms 179 9.6 Biotinstatusscreening 179 References 180 Part II Molecular Biology of the Cell 183 10.VitaminB and the pyruvatedehydrogenase complex 185 1 YuliyaParkhomenko,AndriyVovkandZoyaProtasova KeyfactsofvitaminB 185 1 Summarypoints 186 Definitionsofwordsandterms 187 Abbreviations 188 10.1 BiologicallyactivederivativesofvitaminB inlivingtissues 189 1 10.2 Pyruvatedehydrogenasecomplex 191 10.3 Thiamine,pyruvatedehydrogenasecomplex,andobesity 194 References 203 Furtherreading 206 11.Thiamine,oxidative stress, andethanol 207 ÁlissondeCarvalhoGonçalves,LuizRicardoSoldi andGuilhermeVannucchiPortari Keyfactsofoxidativestress 207 Summarypoints 208 Contents ix Definitionofwords/terms 208 Abbreviations 209 11.1 Introduction 209 11.2 Structureandfunctionofthiamine 210 11.3 Oxidativestressandalcoholmetabolism 212 11.4 Thiamineandalcoholmetabolism 216 11.5 Alcoholmetabolismandothervitamins 218 11.6 Conclusionsandperspectives 220 References 220 12.Riboflavin(vitamin B2) and mitochondrial energy 225 BárbaraJ.HenriquesandCláudioM.Gomes Keyfactsaboutriboflavin 225 Keyfactsaboutriboflavin-responsivedisorders 226 Summarypoints 227 Definitionsofwordsandterms 227 Abbreviations 229 12.1 Riboflavinandmitochondrialenergy 229 12.2 Riboflavindeficiency 231 12.3 Mitochondrialβ-oxidationdisordersresponsivetovitaminB2 233 12.4 Respiratorychaindeficiencies 237 12.5 Concludingremarks 239 Acknowledgements 240 References 240 13.Linking homocysteine, B vitamins, and choline to ischemic stroke risk 245 MahiraMoftah,JoshuaT.EmmersonandNafisaM.Jadavji Keyfacts 245 Abbreviations 246 13.1 Introduction 246 13.2 Understandingstroke 247 13.3 Nutrition 248 13.4 Homocysteineandstroke 249 13.5 Clinicaltrialstoreducelevelsofhomocysteine 251 13.6 Mechanismsexplainingfolateandhomocysteinemetabolismasamodulator ofstrokeoutcome 253 13.7 Choline 254 13.8 Futuredirections 255 References 256
The list of books you might like
