Contents VOLUME 19 NUMBER 1 In vitro selection of optimal AbrB-binding sites: comparison to known in vivo sites indicates flexibility in AbrB binding and recognition of MicroReview { three-dimensional DNA structures Flagellar assembly in Salmonella typhimurium K. Xu & M. A. Strauch S.-l. Aizawa Molecular characterization of hybrid Tbp2 proteins from Neisseria meningitidis Research Articles M. Legrain, A. Findeli, D. Villeval, 7 Involvement of o*™ in exponential silencing of M.-J. Quentin-Millet & E. Jacobs the Pseudomonas putida TOL plasmid Pu promoter Light-induced carotenogenesis in Myxococcus |. Cases, V. de Lorenzo & J. Pérez-Martin xanthus: light-dependent membrane sequestration of ECF sigma factor CarQ by Expression of the to/QRA genes of Escherichia anti-sigma factor CarR coli K-12 is controlled by the ResC sensor H. C. Gorham, S. J. McGowan, P. R. H. Robson & protein involved in capsule synthesis D. A. Hodgson T. Clavel, J. C. Lazzaroni, A. Vianney & R. Portalier Purification of the Tn 10-specified tetracycline The ‘petite-negative’ yeast Kluyveromyces efflux antiporter TetA in a native state as a lactis has a single gene expressing pyruvate polyhistidine fusion protein decarboxylase activity M. L. Aldema, L. M. McMurry, A. R. Walmsley & M. M. Bianchi, L. Tizzani, M. Destruelle, L. Frontali S. B. Levy & M. Wéskolowski-Louvel The identification, cloning and mutagenesis of a genetic locus required for lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis in Bordetella pertussis VOLUME 19 NUMBER 2 A. Allen & D. Maskell Use of chimeric recombinant polypeptides to MicroReviews analyse conformational, surface epitopes on trypanosome variant surface glycoproteins 197 The Escherichia coli enzoskeleton R. Hsia, T. Beals & J. C. Boothroyd V. Norris, G. Turnock & D. Sigee Amino-terminal maturation of the Bordetella 205 Aerolysin—the ins and outs of a model pertussis filamentous haemagglutinin channel-forming toxin F. Jacob-Dubuisson, C. Buisine, N. Mielcarek, M. W. Parker, F. Gisou van der Goot & J. T. Buckley E. Clément, F. D. Menozzi & C. Locht Expression of the groESL operon is cell-cycle Research Articles controlled in Caulobacter crescentus 213 The effect of the stringent response on M. Avedissian & S. L. Gomes mutation rates in Escherichia coli K-12 B. E. Wright Physical mapping and expression of gene families encoding the N-acetyl p-galactosamine Dramatic decay of phage transcripts in adherence lectin of Entamoeba histolytica lactococcal cells carrying the abortive infection G. Ramakrishnan, B. D. Ragland, J. E. Purdy & determinant AbiB B. J. Mann R. Parreira, S. D. Ehrlich & M.-C. Chopin The local repressor AcrR plays a modulating Post-transcriptional regulation of CspA role in the regulation of arcAB genes of expression in Escherichia coli Escherichia coli by global stress signals A. Brandi, P. Pietroni, C. O. Gualerzi & C. L. Pon D. Ma, M. Alberti, C. Lynch, H. Nikaido & Differential MRNA stability of the cspA gene in J. E. Hearst the cold-shock response of Escherichia coli The katE gene, which encodes the catalase HPI D. Goldenberg, |. Azar & A. B. Oppenheim of Mycobacterium avium A physical and genetic map of Neisseria A. Milano, E. De Rossi, L. Gusberti, B. Heym, meningitidis B1940 P. Marone & G. Riccardi M. Gaher, K. Einsiedler, T. Crass & W. Bautsch FNR-DNA interactions at natural and semi- The unstable region of Streptomyces synthetic promoters ambofaciens includes 210 kb terminal inverted J. Green, A. S. Irvine, W. Meng & J. R. Guest repeats flanking the extremities of the linear The specificity of fumarate as a switching factor chromosomal DNA of the bacterial flagellar motor P. Leblond, G. Fischer, F.-X. Francou, F. Berger, R. Barak, |. Giebel & M. Eisenbach M. Guérineau & B. Decaris Pneumocystis carinii telomere repeats are VOLUME 19 NUMBER 3 composed of TTAGGG and the subtelomeric sequence contains a gene encoding the major MicroReviews surface glycoprotein 409 Signal sensing by o°*-dependent regulators: A. P. Underwood, E. J. Louis, R. H. Borts, derepression as a control mechanism J. R. Stringer & A. E. Wakefield V. Shingler Translocation of surface antigen genes to a Heat-shock and general stress response in unique telomeric expression site in Bacillus subtilis Pneumocystis carinii M. Hecker, W. Schumann & U. Volker S. M. Sunkin & J. R. Stringer Role of the propeptide in folding and secretion of elastase of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Research Articles P. Braun, J. Tommassen & A. Filloux 429 M-related protein (Mrp) contributes to group A Ambidextrous transcriptional activation by streptococcal resistance to phagocytosis by SoxS: requirement for the C-terminai domain of human granulocytes the RNA polymerase alpha subunit in a subset A. Podbielski, N. Schnitzler, P. Beyhs & of Escherichia coli superoxide-inducible genes M. D. P. Boyle K.-W. Jair, W. P. Fawcett, N. Fujita, A. Ishihama & The C-terminal domain of the Rhizobium R. E. Wolf, Jr leguminosarum chitin synthase NodC is A dual role for the Bacillus subtilis glpD leader important for function and determines the and the GipP protein in the regulated orientation of the N-terminal region in the inner expression of gi/pD: antitermination and control membrane of mRNA stability M.-A. Barny, E. Schoonejans, A. Economou, E. Glatz, R.-P. Nilsson, L. Rutberg & B. Rutberg A. W. B. Johnston & J. A. Downie In vitro processing activity of Bacillus subtilis Characterization of the pectin methylesterase polynucleotide phosphorylase B, an outer membrane lipoprotein of Erwinia S. Mitra, K. Hue & D. H. Bechhofer chrysanthemi 3937 V.E. Shevchik, G. Condemine, Polynucleotide phosphorylase is necessary for competence development in Bacillus subtilis N. Hugouvieux-Cotte-Pattat & J. Robert-Baudouy A. Luttinger, J. Hahn & D. Dubnau Escherichia coli K-12 genes essential for the Cloning, characterization and disruption of a synthesis of c-type cytochromes and a third (p)ppGpp synthetase gene (re/A) of nitrate reductase located in the periplasm Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) J. Gove, S. Tanapongpipat, G. Thomas, L. Griffiths, R. Chakraburtty, J. White, E. Takano & M. Bibb H. Crooke & J. Cole Identification and characterization of genes Synthesis of the 8 and f’ subunits of required for post-translational modification of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase is Campylobacter coli VC167 flagellin autogenously regulated in vivo by both P. Guerry, P. Doig, R. A. Alm, D. H. Burr, N. Kinsella transcriptional and translational mechanisms D. M. Dykxhoorn, R. St Pierre & T. Linn & T. J. Trust Characterization of a post-translational Heterologous expression and self-assembly of the S-layer protein SbsA of Bacillus modification of Campylobacter flagellin: identification of a sero-specific glycosyl moiety stearothermophilus in Escherichia coli P. Doig, N. Kinsella, P. Guerry & T. J. Trust B. Kuen, M. Sara & W. Lubitz Transcriptional activation of the dnaA gene Multicopy single-stranded DNA of Escherichia encoding the initiator for oriC replication by IciA coli enhances mutation and recombination protein, an inhibitor of in vitro oriC replication in frequencies by titrating MutS protein Escherichia coli W. K. Maas, C. Wang, T. Lima, A. Hach & D. Lim Y. S. Lee, H. Kim & D. S. Hwang aarD, a Providencia stuartii homologue of The TraB protein, which mediates the cydD: role in 2'-N-acetyltransferase expression, intermycelial transfer of the Streptomyces cell morphology and growth in the presence of plasmid pSN22, has functional NTP-binding an extracellular factor motifs and is localized to the cytoplasmic D. R. Macinga & P. N. Rather membrane Physical and genetic map of the Pseudomonas S. Kosono, M. Kataoka, T. Seki & T. Yoshida fluorescens SBW25 chromosome P. B. Rainey & M. J. Bailey C-terminal domains of general regulatory MicroCorrespondence factors Abfip and Rapip in Saccharomyces 407 A new member of the Hha/YmoA class of cerevisiae display functional similarity bacterial regulators in plasmid R100 of P. M. Gongalves, K. Maurer, G. van Nieuw Escherichia coli? Amerongen, K. Bergkamp-Steffens, W. H. Mager & J. M. Nieto & A. Juarez R. J. Planta A cytoplasmic gene-shuffle system in Role of a potential endoplasmic reticulum Kluyveromyces lactis: use of epitope tagging to retention sequence (RDEL) and the Golgi detect a killer plasmid-encoded gene product complcx in the cytotonic activity of Escherichia R. Schaffrath & P. A. Meacock coli heat-labile enterotoxin Characterization of cpsF and its product CMP- W. Cieplak, Jr, R. J. Messer, M. E. Konkel & N-acetylneuraminic acid synthetase, a group B C. C. R. Grant streptococcal enzyme that can function in K1 capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis in Escherichia coli R. F. Haft, M. R. Wessels, M. Fisk Mebane, N. Conaty & C. E. Rubens VOLUME 19 NUMBER 4 The piasmid replicator AMA1 in Aspergillus nidulans is an inverted duplication of a low- MicroReviews copy-number dispersed genomic repeat 651 The molecular defences against reactive A. Aleksenko & A. J. Clutterbuck oxygen species in yeast Cloning and expression of the Haemophilus P. Moradas-Ferreira, V. Costa, P. Piper & W. Mager influenzae transferrin receptor genes 659 The initiation mess? S. M. Loosmore, Y. Yang, D. C. Coleman, J. Herrick, M. Kohiyama, T. Atlung & F. G. Hansen J. M. Shortreed, D. M. England, R. E. Harkness, P. S.-C. Chong & M. H. Klein Research Articles Theta-type DNA replication stimulates 667 The two-step lysis system of pneumococcal homologous recombination in the Bacillus bacteriophage EJ-1 is functional in Gram- subtilis chromosome negative bacteria: triggering of the major F. Morel-Deville & S. D. Ehrlich pneumococcal autolysin in Escherichia coli Identification and characterization of ispA, a E. Diaz, M. Munthali, H. Linsdorf, J.-V. Hdltje & Shigella flexneri chromosomal gene essential K. N. Tiramis for normal in vivo cell division and intercellular The afimbrial adhesive sheath encoded by the spreading afa-3 gene cluster of pathogenic Escherichia R. A. Mac Siomoin, N. Nakata, T. Murai, coli is composed of two adhesins M. Yoshikawa, 4. Tsuji & C. Sasakawa M.-I. Garcia, P. Gounon, P. Courcoux, A. Labigne & Specific induction by glycine of the gene for the C. Le Bouguénec P-subunit of glycine decarboxylase form Characterization of the CheA,/CheZ complex: a Saccharomyces cerevisiae specific interaction resulting in enhanced D. A. Sinclair, S.-P. Hong & |. W. Dawes dephosphorylating activity on CheY-phosphate Chemotactic motility is required for invasion of H. Wang & P. Matsumura the host by the fish pathogen Vibrio anguillarum Suppression of transcription polarity in the R. O'Toole, D. L. Milton & H. Wolf-Watz Escherichia coli haemolysin operon by a short upstream element shared by polysaccharide MicroCorrespondence and DNA transfer determinants 639 Monofunctional biosynthetic peptidoglycan J. M. Nieto, M. J. A. Bailey, C. Hughes & transglycosylases V. Koronakis B. G. Spratt, J. Zhou, M. Taylor & M. J. Merrick Analysis of the role of the Pseudomonas 641 A multilayered sensory system controls yeast syringae pv. syringae HrpZ harpin in elicitation glycolytic gene expression of the hypersensitive response in tobacco E. Boles, S. Muller & F. K. Zimmermann using functionally non-polar hrpZ deletion 642 Nomenclature of the genes encoding IHF mutations, truncated HrpZ fragments, and R. A. Weisberg, M. Freundlich, D. Friedman, hrmA mutations J. Gardner, N. Goosen, H. Nash, A. Oppenheim & J. R. Alfano, D. W. Bauer, T. M. Milos & A. Collmer J. Rouviére-Yaniv Growth-phase-dependent expression of the The Gram-negative cell envelope ‘springs’ to osmotically inducible gene osmC of life: coiled-coil trans-envelope proteins Escherichia coli K-12 A. Pimenta, M. Blight, D. Clarke & |. B. Holland S. Gordia & C. Gutierrez To be free or not: the fate of pilmelate in Methylation segments are not required for Bacillus sphaericus and in Escherichia coli chemotactic signalling by cytoplasmic Y. Lemoine, A. Wach & J.-M. Jeltsch fragments of Tsr, the methyl-accepting serine chemoreceptor of Escherichia coli Corrigenda P. Ames, Y. A. Yu & J. S. Parkinson 649 The bacterial ‘enigma’: cracking the code of The bid mutants of Streptomyces coelicolor are cell-cell communication defective in the regulation of carbon utilization, G. P. C. Salmond, B. W. Bycroft, G. S. A. B. Stewart morphogenesis and cell-cell signalling & P. Williams M. K. Pope, B. D. Green & J. Westpheling Identification of an essential core element and Phenylalanine 30 plays an important role in stimulatory sequences in a Kluyveromyces receptor binding of verotoxin-1B lactis ARS element, KARS101 C. Ciark, D. Bast, A. M. Sharp, P. M. St. Hilaire, L. Fabiani, L. Frontali & C. S. Newlon R. Agha, P. E. Stein, E. J. Toone, R. J. Read & J. L. Brunton The role of the /ux autoinducer in regulating luminescence in Vibrio harveyi; control of luxR Establishing differential gene expression in expression sporulating Bacillus subtilis: phosphorylation C. M. Miyamoto, J. Chatterjee, E. Swartzmann, of SpollAA (anti-anti-o*) alters its conformation R. Szittner & E. A. Meighen and prevents formation of a SpollAA/SpollAB/ ADP complex Promoter identification and expression T. Magnin, M. Lord, J. Errington & M. D. Yudkin analysis of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli nrdEF operons encoding one MicroCorrespondence of two class | ribonucleotide reductases 909 hns mutant unveils the presence of a latent present in both bacteria haemolytic activity in Escherichia coli K-12 A. Jordan, E. Aragall, |. Gilbert & J. Barbé J. M. Gdmez-Gomez, J. Blazquez, F. Baquero & J. L. Martinez A Salmonella typhimurium htrA live vaccine expressing multiple copies of a peptide comprising amino acids 8-23 of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D as a genetic fusion VOLUME 19 NUMBER 5 to tetanus toxin fragment C protects mice from herpes simplex virus infection MicroReviews J. A. Chabaigoity, C. M. A. Khan, A. A. Nash & C. E. Hormaeche 911 Cation and sugar selectivity determinants in a novel family of transport proteins Pyruvate oxidase, as a determinant of virulence B. Poolman, J. Knol, C. van der Does, in Streptococcus pneumoniae P. J. F. Henderson, W.-J. Liang, G. Leblanc, B. Spellerberg, D. R. Cundell, J. Sandros, T. Pourcher & |. Mus-Veteau B. J. Pearce, |. Idanpaan-Heikkila, C. Rosenow & Lignocellulose degradation by Phanerochaete H. R. Masure chrysosporium: gene families and gene Cloning and sequence of a region encoding a expression for a complex process surface polysaccharide of Vibrio cholerae 0139 P. Broda, P. R. J. Birch, P. RR. Books & P. F. G. Sims and characterization of the insertion site in the The signal-transduction network for Pho chromosome of Vibrio cholerae 01 regulation in Bacillus subtilis L. E. Comstock, J. A. Johnson, J. M. Michalski, F. M. Hulett J. G. Morris, Jr & J. P. Kaper Research Articles Two different mechanisms are involved in the heat-shock regulation of chaperonin gene 941 Three two-component signal-transduction expression in Bradyrhizobium japonicum systems interact for Pho regulation in Bacillus M. Babst, H. Hennecke & H.-M. Fischer subtilis G. Sun, S. M. Birkey & F. M. Hulett Allelic polymorphism and site-specific Expression of Shigella sonnei recombination in the opc locus of Neisseria lipopolysaccharide in Vibrio cholerae meningitidis J.-F. Viret, S. J. Cryz, Jr & D. Favre A. Seiler, R. Reinhardt, J. Sarkari, D. A. Caugant & M. Achtman Antagonistic involvement of FIS and H-NS proteins in the transcriptional control of hns Cloning of an Aeromonas hydrophila type IV expression pilus biogenesis gene cluster: M. Falconi, A. Brandi, A. La Teana, C. O. Gualerzi & complementation of pilus assembly functions C.L. Pon and characterization of a type IV leader Erythromycin production in peptidase/N-methyltransferase required for Saccharopolyspora erythraea does not require extracellular protein secretion a functional propionyl-CoA carboxylase C. M. Pepe, M. W. Eklund & M. S. Strom S. Donadio, M. J. Staver & L. Katz Overlapping functions for recA and priA in cell Three novel plasmid R6K proteins act in viability and UV-inducible SOS expression are concert to distort DNA within the « and 6 origins distinguished by dnaC809 in Escherichia coli of DNA replication K-12 Y. Flashner, J. Shlomai & A. Shafferman S. J. Sandler Polynucleotide phosphorylase is required for A genetic approach for analysing surface- the rapid degradation of the Rnase E-processed exposed regions of the OmpC protein of rpsO mRNA of Escherichia coli devoid of its 3’ Escherichia coli K-12 hairpin H. Vakharia & R. Misra F. Braun, E. Hajnsdorf & P. Régnier Analysis of the localization of STE6/CF TR MicroCorrespondence chimeras in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae model 1149 Phenotypic switching of Haemophilus for the cystic fibrosis defect CF TR/AF508 influenzae C. Paddon, D. Loayza, L. Vangelista, R. Solari & E. R. Moxon, B. E. Gewurz, J. C. Richards, S. Michaelis T. Inzana, M. P. Jennings & D. W. Hood Translational initiation competence, ‘leaky scanning’ and translational reinitiation in areA mRNA of Aspergillus nidulans H.N. Arst, Jr & A. Sheerins ahpC, a gene involved in isoniazid resistance of VOLUME 19 NUMBER 6 the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex T. M. Wilson & D. M. Collins MicroReviews The mmsA locus of Streptococcus pneumoniae 1151 Aspartyl-phosphate phosphatases deactivate encodes a RecG-like protein involved in DNA the response regulator components of the repair and in three-strand recombination sporulation signal transduction system in B. Martin, G. J. Sharples, O. Humbert, R. G. Lloyd & Bacillus subtilis J.-P. Claverys M. Perego, P. Glaser & J. A. Hoch Structure and function of the Bacillus SpollE Stationary phase in yeast: when the going gets protein and its localization to sites of tough sporulation septum assembly M. Werner-Washburne, E. L. Braun, M. E. Crawford |. Barak, J. Behari, G. Olmedo, P. Guzman, & V. M. Peck D. P. Brown, E. Castro, D. Walker, J. Westpheling & The SMR family: a novel family of multidrug P. Youngman efflux proteins involved with the efflux of Temperature-dependent regulation of Yersinia lipophilic drugs enterocolitica Class Ill flagellar genes |. T. Paulsen, R. A. Skurray, R. Tam, M. H. Saier, Jr, V. Kapatral, J. W. Olson, J. C. Pepe, V. L. Miller & R. J. Turner, J. H. Weiner, E. B. Goldberg & S. A. Minnich L. L. Grinius The pilA regulatory gene modulates the Regulatory noise in prokaryotic promoters: pilus-mediated adhesion of Neisseria how bacteria learn to respond to novel meningitidis by controlling the transcription environmental signals of pilC1 V. de Lorenzo & J. Pérez-Martin M.-K. Taha, D. Giorgini & X. Nassif Expression in Mycoplasma pneumoniae of the recombinant gene encoding the Research Articles cytadherence-associated protein HMW1 and 1185 Extracellular addition of a domain of HIV-1 Vpr identification of HMW4 as a product containing the amino acid sequence motif T.-W. Hahn, K. A. Krebes & D. C. Krause H(S/F)RIG causes cell membrane A novel peptidoglycan-linked lipoprotein permeabilization and death (ComL) that functions in natural transformation |. G. Macreadie, C. K. Arunagiri, D. R. Hewish, J. F. White & A. A. Azad competence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae M. Fussenegger, D. Facius, J. Meier & T. F. Meyer Alteration of haem-attachment and Use of peptides to confirm that the signal-cleavage sites for Paracoccus Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAK pilus adhesin denitrificans cytochrome Css9 probes pathway of c-type cytochrome biogenesis and the Candida albicans timbrial adhesin possess a homologous receptor-binding in Escherichia coli domain Y. Sambongi, R. Stoll & S. J. Ferguson L. Yu, K. K. Lee, W. Paranchych, R. S. Hodges & ApH* dependency of in vitro protein Fdefitifidation/of a locus involved in translocation into Escherichia coli meningococcal lipopolysaccharide inner-membrane vesicles varies with the biosynthesis by deletion mutagenesis signal-sequence core-region composition P. van der Ley, M. Kramer, L. Steeghs, B. Kuipers, N. Nouwen, B. de Kruijff & J. Tommassen S. R. Andersen, M. P. Jennings, E. R. Moxon & Identification of a second family of J. T. Poolman high-molecular-weight adhesion proteins Plasmid transfer and expression of the transfer expressed by non-typable Haemophilus (tra) gene product of plasmid plJ101 are influenzae temporally regulated during the Streptomyces S. J. Barenkamp & J. W. St. Geme, III lividans life cycle mRNA sequences influencing translation and G. S. Pettis & S. N. Cohen the selection of AUG initiator codons in the A novel DnaA protein-binding site at 94.7 min yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the Escherichia coli chromosome D.-F. Yun, T. M. Laz, J. M. Clements & R. Kitagawa, H. Mitsuki, T. Okazaki & T. Ogawa F. Sherman Generation of Campylobacter fetus S-layer Inducible gene expression mediated by a protein diversity utilizes a single promoter on repressor—operator system isolated from an invertible DNA segment Lactococcus lactis bacteriophage rit J. Dworkin & M. J. Blaser A. Nauta, D. van Sinderen, H. Karsens, E. Smit, Saccharomyces cerevisiae TEC1 is required for G. Venema & J. Kok pseudohyphal growth Sequence analysis and molecular V. Gavrias, A. Andrianopoulos, C. J. Gimeno & characterization of the temperate lactococcal W. E. Timberlake bacteriophage rit Characterization of the distal promoter element D. van Sinderen, H. Karsens, J. Kok, of halobacteria in vivo using saturation P. Terpstra, M. H. J. Ruiters, G. Venema & mutagenesis and selection A. Nauta S. Danner & J. Soppa Tetrapac (tpc), a novel phenotype of Neisseria Effects of F-encoded components and F-pilin gonorrhoeae affecting epithelial cell invasion, domains on the synthesis and membrane natural transformation competence and cell insertion of TraA’—’PhoA fusion proteins separation W. D. Paiva & P. M. Silverman M. Fussenegger, A. F. Kahrs, D. Facius & T. F. Meyer A periplasmic protein (Skp) of Escherichia coli selectively binds a class of outer membrane Mutational analysis of the Escherichia coli proteins spoT gene identifies distinct but overlapping R. Chen & U. Henning regions involved in ppGpp synthesis and degradation identification and characterization of a novel D. R. Gentry & M. Cashel type of replication terminator with bidirectional activity on the Bacillus subtilis theta plasmid pLS20 W. J. J. Meijer, M. Smith, R. G. Wake, A. L. de Boer, MicroCorrespondence G. Venema & S. Bron 1385 The members of the so-called BEE95 family of isolation of periplasmic nitrate reductase genes dispersed enterobacterial intergenic elements from Rhodobacter sphaeroides DSM 158: are already known under the name RSA structural and functional differences among sequences prokaryotic nitrate reductases S. Bachellier & M. Hofnung F. Reyes, M. D. Roldan, W. Klipp, F. Castillo & C. Moreno-Vivian The Escherichia coli ribosomal protein $16 is Indexes an endonuclease 1387 Keyword Index J. Oberto, E. Bonnefoy, E. Mouray, O. Pellegrini, P. M. Wilkstrom & J. Rouviere-Yaniv 1393 Author Index