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Current Cancer Research SeriesEditor WafikEl-DeiryUniversityofPennsylvaniaSchoolofMedicine,Philadelphia,Pennsylvania, USA Forfurthervolumes: http://www.springer.com/series/7892 Barbara Burtness • Erica A. Golemis Editors Molecular Determinants of Head and Neck Cancer 2123 Editors BarbaraBurtness EricaA.Golemis DepartmentofMedicalOncologyand DevelopmentalTherapeuticsProgram DevelopmentalTherapeuticsProgram FoxChaseCancerCenter FoxChaseCancerCenter Philadelphia Philadelphia Pennsylvania Pennsylvania USA USA ISBN978-1-4614-8814-9 ISBN978-1-4614-8815-6(eBook) DOI10.1007/978-1-4614-8815-6 SpringerNewYorkHeidelbergDordrechtLondon LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2014933581 © SpringerScience+BusinessMediaNewYork2014 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartofthe materialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation, broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformation storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology nowknownorhereafterdeveloped.Exemptedfromthislegalreservationarebriefexcerptsinconnection withreviewsorscholarlyanalysisormaterialsuppliedspecificallyforthepurposeofbeingenteredand executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publicationorpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheCopyrightLawofthePublisher’s location,initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer.Permissions forusemaybeobtainedthroughRightsLinkattheCopyrightClearanceCenter.Violationsareliableto prosecutionundertherespectiveCopyrightLaw. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Whiletheadviceandinformationinthisbookarebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication, neithertheauthorsnortheeditorsnorthepublishercanacceptanylegalresponsibilityforanyerrorsor omissionsthatmaybemade.Thepublishermakesnowarranty,expressorimplied,withrespecttothe materialcontainedherein. Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) Contents 1 Overview:ThePathobiologyofHeadandNeckCancer............. 1 BarbaraBurtnessandEricaA.Golemis 2 Molecular Features andTreatment Modalities of “Classic”Versus HumanPapillomaVirus-AssociatedHeadandNeckCancer ........ 7 GiannisMountziosandAmandaPsyrri 3 Epidemiology of HPV in Head and Neck Cancer:Variant Strains, DiscreteProteinFunction ....................................... 23 CamilleC.R.RaginandJeffreyC.Liu 4 EGFR Inhibitors as Therapeutic Agents in Head andNeckCancer............................................... 55 HanqingLiu,JenniferR.Cracchiolo,TimN.Beck,IlyaG.Serebriiskii andEricaA.Golemis 5 The Role of HGF/c-MET in Head and Neck Squamous CellCarcinoma ................................................ 91 TanguyY.Seiwert,TimN.BeckandRaviSalgia 6 Insulin-likeGrowthFactor-1ReceptorsinHeadandNeckCancer... 113 StevenA.RosenzweigandCaseyO.Holmes 7 The PI3K Signaling Pathway in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma .................................................... 131 JasonD.HowardandChristineH.Chung 8 Jak/STATSignalinginHNC..................................... 163 BhavanaS.VangaraandJenniferR.Grandis 9 TGFβRegulatesEMTinHeadandNeckCancer .................. 179 JillM.NeimanandXiao-JingWang v vi Contents 10 TheWnt/β-cateninSignalingCircuitryinHeadandNeckCancer... 199 RogerioM.CastilhoandJ.SilvioGutkind 11 HumanPapillomavirus(HPV)-PositiveHeadandNeckCancer andtheWntSignalingPathway................................. 215 TheodorosRampiasandAmandaPsyrri 12 p53inHeadandNeckCancer .................................. 227 Jong-LyelRohandWayneM.Koch 13 DNADamageProteinsandResponsetoTherapyinHead andNeckCancer.............................................. 259 RaneeMehraandIlyaG.Serebriiskii 14 HypoxiaandRadioresistanceinHeadandNeckCancer ........... 283 PeiwenKuoandQuynh-ThuLe 15 SequencingHNC:EmergenceofNotchSignaling ................. 303 CurtisR.Pickering,ThomasJ.OwandJeffreyN.Myers 16 GeneExpressioninHNC....................................... 325 MichaelF.OchsandJosephA.Califano 17 Projections:NovelTherapiesforHPV-NegativeCancers oftheHeadandNeck.......................................... 343 BarbaraBurtness Index ............................................................ 361 Contributors Tim N. Beck Developmental Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia,PA,USA PrograminMolecularandCellBiologyandGenetics,DrexelUniversityCollegeof Medicine,Philadelphia,PA,USA BarbaraBurtnessDepartmentofMedicalOncologyandDevelopmentalTherapeu- ticsProgram,FoxChaseCancerCenter,Philadelphia,PA,USA DevelopmentalTherapeuticsProgram,FoxChaseCancerCenter,Philadelphia,PA, USA JosephA.CalifanoDepartmentofOncology,JohnsHopkinsSchoolofMedicine, Baltimore,MD,USA DepartmentofOtolaryngology—HeadandNeckSurgery,JohnsHopkinsSchoolof Medicine,Baltimore,MD,USA Milton J. Dance Head and Neck Center, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Balti- more,MD,USA RogerioM.CastilhoLaboratoryofEpithelialBiology,DepartmentofPeriodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, AnnArbor, MI, USA Christine H. Chung Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, JohnsHopkinsMedicalInstitute,Baltimore,MD,USA Jennifer R. Cracchiolo Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, TempleUniversitySchoolofMedicine,Philadelphia,PA,USA EricaA.GolemisDevelopmentalTherapeuticsProgram,FoxChaseCancerCenter, Philadelphia,PA,USA JenniferR.GrandisDepartmentofOtolaryngology,UniversityofPittsburghSchool ofMedicine,Pittsburgh,PA,USA DepartmentsofPharmacology&ChemicalBiology,Eye&EarInstitute,University ofPittsburghSchoolofMedicine,Pittsburgh,PA,USA vii viii Contributors J.SilvioGutkindOralandPharyngealCancerBranch,NationalInstituteofDental andCraniofacialResearch,NationalInstitutesofHealth,Bethesda,MD,USA CaseyO.HolmesDepartmentofCellandMolecularPharmacology&Experimen- talTherapeuticsandHollingsCancerCenter,MedicalUniversityofSouthCarolina, CharlestonSC,USA JasonD.HowardDepartmentofOncology,SidneyKimmelCancerCenter,Johns HopkinsMedicalInstitute,Baltimore,MD,USA Wayne M. Koch Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns HopkinsUniversitySchoolofMedicine,Baltimore,MD,USA PeiwenKuoDepartmentofRadiationOncology,StanfordUniversity,Stanford,CA, USA Quynh-ThuLeDepartmentofRadiationOncology,StanfordUniversity,Stanford, CA,USA Jeffrey C. Liu Department of Otolaryngology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University,Philadelphia,PA,USA Hanqing Liu Developmental Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia,PA,USA Ranee Mehra Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia,PA,USA DevelopmentalTherapeuticsProgram,FoxChaseCancerCenter,Philadelphia,PA, USA GiannisMountziosUniversityofAthensSchoolofMedicine,Athens,Greece JeffreyN.MyersDepartmentofHeadandNeckSurgery,TheUniversityofTexas MDAndersonCancerCenter,Houston,TX,USA JillM.NeimanDepartmentofPharmacology,UniversityofColoradoDenver,Au- rora,CO,USA Michael F. Ochs Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The College of New JerseyEwing,NJ,USA DepartmentofOncology,JohnsHopkinsSchoolofMedicine,Baltimore,MD,USA DepartmentofOtolaryngology—HeadandNeckSurgery,JohnsHopkinsSchoolof Medicine,Baltimore,MD,USA Milton J. Dance Head and Neck Center, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Balti- more,MD,USA Thomas J. Ow Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center andAlbert Einstein College ofMedicine,Bronx,NY,USA Contributors ix CurtisR.PickeringDepartmentofHeadandNeckSurgery,TheUniversityofTexas MDAndersonCancerCenter,Houston,TX,USA AmandaPsyrri2ndDepartmentofInternalMedicine,AttikonHospital, National KapodistrianUniversityofAthens,Athens,Greece Camille.C.R.RaginCancerPreventionandControlProgram,FoxChaseCancer Center,TempleUniversityHealthSystem,Philadelphia,PA,USA TheodorosRampiasDepartmentofSurgery,SectionofOtolaryngology,YaleUni- versitySchoolofMedicine,NewHaven,CT,USA Jong-Lyel Roh Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine,UniversityofUlsan,Seoul,RepublicofKorea Steven A. Rosenzweig Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Ex- perimentalTherapeuticsandHollingsCancerCenter, MedicalUniversityofSouth Carolina,CharlestonSC,USA RaviSalgiaTheUniversityofChicagoComprehensiveCancerCenter,ChicagoIL, USA Tanguy Y. Seiwert The University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, ChicagoIL,USA Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, The University of Chicago,ChicagoIL,USA IlyaG.SerebriiskiiDevelopmentalTherapeuticsProgram,FoxChaseCancerCen- ter,Philadelphia,PA,USA Bhavana S. Vangara Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh SchoolofMedicine,Pittsburgh,PA,USA Xiao-JingWangDepartmentofPathology,UniversityofColoradoDenver,Aurora, CO,USA Chapter 1 Overview: The Pathobiology of Head and Neck Cancer BarbaraBurtnessandEricaA.Golemis Abstract Squamouscellcancersarisingintheheadandneck,fromthenasopharynx tothesubglotticlarynx,arefrequentlydevastatingcancersthatafflictpatientsaround theworld.Earlystagecancersarereadilycuredwithsurgeryorradiation.Incontrast, locally advanced or metastatic cancers require morbid multimodality therapy and nonethelesshavehighrecurrencerates.Asthisbookaddressesthisdifficultdisease, ithasthreemaingoals.First,itseekstoprovideanintroductiontotheetiologyand subclasses of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (SCCHNs), in the contextofhowthesedifferencesaffectprognosis.Second,itattemptstosummarize thecurrentstateofunderstandingofthegenetic,epigenetic,andproteinexpression changes associated with the various classes of SCCHN. Third, it seeks to define potentialtherapeutictargetsforimprovedmanagementofthediseaseinthefuture. Keywords Headandneckcancer·Humanpapillomavirus·Epidermalgrowthfactor receptor(EGFR)·DNArepair·Hypoxia·c-MET·Insulingrowthfactorreceptor (IGF1R)·Notch·Genomics Squamous cell cancers arising in the head and neck, from the nasopharynx to the subglotticlarynx,arefrequentlydevastatingcancersthatafflictpatientsaroundthe world. Earlystagecancersarereadilycuredwithsurgeryorradiation. Incontrast, locally advanced or metastatic cancers require morbid multimodality therapy and nonethelesshavehighrecurrencerates.Asthisbookaddressesthisdifficultdisease, ithasthreemaingoals.First,itseekstoprovideanintroductiontotheetiologyand subclasses of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (SCCHNs), in the contextofhowthesedifferencesaffectprognosis.Second,itattemptstosummarize thecurrentstateofunderstandingofthegenetic,epigenetic,andproteinexpression B.Burtness((cid:2)) DepartmentofMedicalOncologyandDevelopmentalTherapeuticsProgram, FoxChaseCancerCenter,333CottmanAvenue,Philadelphia,PA19111,USA e-mail:[email protected] E.A.Golemis·B.Burtness DevelopmentalTherapeuticsProgram,FoxChaseCancerCenter, 333CottmanAvenue,Philadelphia,PA19111,USA e-mail:[email protected] B.Burtness,E.A.Golemis(eds.),MolecularDeterminantsofHeadandNeckCancer, 1 CurrentCancerResearch,DOI10.1007/978-1-4614-8815-6_1, ©SpringerScience+BusinessMediaNewYork2014

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