Modern Trends in the Theory of Condensed Matter: Proceedings of the XVI Karpacz Winter School of Theoretical Physics, February 19 – March 3, 1979 Karpacz, Poland PDF
Preview Modern Trends in the Theory of Condensed Matter: Proceedings of the XVI Karpacz Winter School of Theoretical Physics, February 19 – March 3, 1979 Karpacz, Poland
detidE yb .J M(inchen, Ehlers, .K Zerich Hepp, .R ,nhahneppiK ,nehcnQM .A .H ,rell~mnedieW Heidelberg dna .J Zittartz, nISK 511 Modern Trends ni the Theory of Condensed Matter Proceedings, Karpacz, 1979 Edited by A. Pekaiski and .J Przystawa galreV-regnirpS Rp.rlin H~.iclp.lhp.rn IXIp.w Ynrk Lecture Notes ni Physics For information about Vols. 1-44, please contact your bookseller or Springer-Verlag. Vol. 45: Dynamical Concepts on Scaling Violation and the Vol. 68: .Y .V Venkatesh, Energy Methods in Time-Varying New Resonances in +e e- Annihilation. Edited by .31 Hum- System Stability and Instability Analyses. XlI, 256 pages. VII, pert. 248 1976. pages. .7791 Vol. 46: .E .J Flaherty, Hermitian and Geometry K~ihlerian Vol. 69: .K Rohlfs, Lectures on Density Wave Theory. Vl, ni Relativity. ,IIIV 365 1976. pages. 481 pages. 1977. Vol. 47: Pad~ Approximsnts Method and Its Applications Vol. 70: Wave Propagation and Underwater Acoustics. to Mechanics. Edited by .H Cabannes. ,VX 26? 1976. pages. Edited by .J Keller and .J Papadakis. VIII. 287 pages. 1977. Vol. 48: Dust Interplanetary and Zodiacal Light. Proceedings Vol. :17 Problems of Stellar Convection. Proceedings 1976. 1975. Edited by .H and EIs~sser Fechtig. H. Xll, 496 pages. Edited by .E .A Spiegel and Zahn. J.P. ,IIIV 363 1977. pages. 1976. Vol. 72: Les instabilit~s hydrodynamiques en convection .loV 49: Unitary A Patterson, W. C. and Harter G. W. Calculus libre forc~e et Edit~ mixte. par .J C. Legros et .J .K .srettalP for Electronic Orbitals. XlI, 441 1976. pages. ,X 202 19?8. pages. Vol. 50: Group Theoretical Methods in Physics. 4th Interna- Vol. 73: Invariant Wave Equations. Proceedings 1977. tional Colloquium. Nijmegen 19'75. Edited by A. Janner, Edited by G. Velo and A. .S Wightman. 614 ,IV 1978. pages. and Janssen, T. .M .noD31 XlII, 62g 1976. pages. Vol. ?4: .P Collet and J.-P. Eckmann, A Renormalization Vol. W. :1NSrenberg and 5 .H Introduction WeidenmLi)ler. A. Group Analysis of the Hierarchical Model in Statistical of the Theory of Heavy-Ion Collisions.2nd enlarged edition. ,XI 334 1980. pages. Mechanics. ,VI 991 1978. pages. Vol. 52: .M Mladjenovi6, Development of Magnetic yaR-F Vol. 75: Structure and Mechanisms of Turbulence .I Pro- Spectroscopy. ,X 282 1976. pages. ceedinos 1977. Edited by .H Fiedler. XX, 205 pages. 1978. Vol. 53: .D .J Simms and .N .M .J Woodhouse, Lectures on Vol. 76: Structure and Mechanisms of Turbulence .II Pro- Geometric Quantization. ,V 661 pages. 1976. ceedings 1977. Edited by .H Fiedler. ,XX 406 pages. 1978. Vol. 54: Critical Phenomena. Sitges International School 7 Vol. :? Topics Theory Quantum Field in and GaugeTheories. on Statistical Mechanics, June 1976. Edited by .J Brey and Proceedings, Edited 1977. Salamanca by .J .A de Azc~rraga. .R .31 Jones. ,IX 383 1976. pages. ,X 3?8 pages 1978. Vol. 55: Nuclear Optical Model Potential. Proceedings 1976. Vol. 78: ,mh831 The Rigged Hilbert Space and Quantum Edited by S. iffo31 and G. Passatore. ,IV 122 pages. 1976. Mechanics. ,XI 70 1978. pages. Vol. 56: Current Induced Reactions. International Summer .loV 7g: GroupTheoretical Methods ni Proceedings, Physics. Institute, Hamburg 1975. Edited by .J G. K0rner, G. Kramer, Edited 1977. by .P and Kramer .A XVIII, Rieckers. 546 pages. and .D Schildknecht. ,V 553 1976. pages. .8791 Vol. 57: Physics of Highly Excited States in Solids. Pro- Vol. 80: Mathematical Problems ni Theoretical Physics. ceedings 1975. Edited by .M Ueta and .Y ~anihsiN ,XI 193 Proceedings, 1977. Edited by G. Dell'Antonio, S. Doplicher pages. 1976. and Jona-Lasinio. G. ,IV 438 pages. 1978. Vol. 58: Computing Methods in Applied Sciences. Pro- Vol. :18 MacGregor, The Nature of the Elementary Particle. ceedings 1975. Edited by .R Glowinski and .J .L Lions. ,IIIV XXlI, 482 pages. 1978. 593 pages. 1976. Vol. 82: Few Body Systems and Nuclear Forces .I Pro- Vol. 5g: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference ceedings, 1 g78. Edited by .H Zingl, .M Haftel and .H Zankel. on Numerical Methods in Fluid Dynamics. 1976. Edited by XIX, 442 pages. 1978. A. .I van de Vooren and .P .J Zandbergen. VII, 459 pages. 83: Vol. Experimental Methods ni Physics. Ion Heavy Edited 1976. by .K .eghte31 ,V 152 pages, 1978. LoV 60: C. Gruber, .A Hintermann, and D. Merlini, Group VoI. 84: Stochastic Processes in Nonequilibrium Systems, Analysis of Classical Lattice Systems. ,VIX 326 1977. pages. Proceedings, 1978. Edited by .L Garrido, .P Seglar and LoV 61: International School on Electro and Photonuclear .P .J Shepherd. Xl, 355 pages. 1978 Reactions .I Edited by C. Schaerf. VIII, 650 pages. 1977. LoV 85: Applied Problems. Inverse Edibtye d .P C. Sabatier. Vol. 62: International School on Electro and Photonuclear ,V 425 19?8. pages. Reactions .II Edited by C. Schaerf. VIII, 103 pages. 1977. Vol. 86: Few Body Systems and Electromagnetic Inter- Vol. 63: .V .K Dobrev et al., Harmonic Analysis on the action. Proceedings 1978. Edited bCy. Cleft degli Atti and n-Dimensional Lorentz Group and Its Application to Con- .E Sanctis. De ,IV 352 1978. pages. formal Quantum Field Theory. ,X 280 1977. pages. Vol. 87: Few Body Systems and Nuclear Forces ,II Pro- ceedings, 1978. Edited by Zingl, H. .M Haftel, and .H ZankeL VoL 64: Waves on Water of Variable Depth. Edited by ,X 545 pages. 1978. .D G. Provis and .R Radok. 132 pages. 1977. Vol. 65: Organic Conductors and Semiconductors. Pro- Vol. 88: .K Hutter and A. .A .F van de Yen, Field Matter Interactions in Thermoelastic Solids. VIII, 132 pages. 1978. ceedings 1976. Edited by .L ,I.~P and G. Gr~ner, J&nossy A. .J .moy16S 654 1977. pages. 89: Vol. Microscopic Optical Potentials, Proceedings, 1978. VoL 66: A. H. Fields, V61kel, Particles and Currents. ,IV Edited by von V. Geramb. H. ,lX 184 1979. pages. 354 pages. 1977. Vol. 90: Sixth International Conference on Numerical Vol. 67: W. Orechsler and .E .M Mayer, Fiber 13undleTech- Methods in Fluid Dynamics. Proceedings, 1978. Edited by niques ni Gauge Theories. ,X 248 1977. pages. .H Cabannes, .M Holt and .V Rusanov. ,IIIV 620 1979. pages, Lecture Notes ni Physics detidE yb .J ,srelhE ,nehcneM .K Zerich Hepp, .R ,nhahneppiK ,nehcneM .A .H ,rell](mnedieW grebledieH dna .J Zittartz, n16K gniganaM :rotidE .W ,kcSblgieB grebledieH 511 Modern Trends ni the Theory fo Condensed Matter Proceedings of the XVI Karpacz Winter School of Theoretical Physics, February 19 - March 3, 1979 Karpacz, Poland Edited by A. P~kalski and .J Przystawa Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelbera New York 1980 Editors Andrzej P~kalski Jerzy A. Przystawa Institute of Theoretical Physics University of WrocCaw Cybulskiego 36 Wroctaw Poland The XVI Karpacz Winter School of Theoretical Physics was organized by the Institute of Theoretical Physics of the University of Wroctaw ISBN 3-540-09752-X Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN 0-387-09752-X Springer-Verlag New York Heidelberg Berlin yrarbiL of ssergnoC gnigolataC ni Publication .ataD of School Winter laciteroehT ,scisyhP ,ht61 ,zcapraK ,dnaloP .9791 nredoM of theory the in trends desnednoc .rettam erutceL( seton ni physics; )511 of most Contains eht revised, some lectures, detneserp ta eht Winter ,loohcS which saw dezinagro yb of Institute the laciteroehT of Physics eht ytisrevinU of .wafcorW .1 Liquid ,sesserddA--muileh ,syasse lectures. .2 esahP -amrofsnart (Statistical tions ,sesserddA--)scisyhp lectures. essays, .3 ,sesserddA--sdiloS ,syasse .serutcel .I ,ikslakeP .jezrdnA .II ,awatsyzrP .yzreJ III. tetysrewinU .ikswa/corW Instytut ikyziF .jenzcyteroeT .VI Title. .V Series. 979165W4H.54.541CIC 530.4 90411-08 ISBN X-25790-783-0 ).S.U( This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations,b roadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machine or similar means, and storage in data banks. Under § 54 of the German Copyright Law where copies are made for other than private use, a fee is payable to the publisher, the amount of the fee to be determined by agreement with the publisher. © by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1980 Printed in Germany Printing and binding: Beltz Offsetdruck, Hemsbach/Bergstr. 2141/3140-543210 EDITORIAL NOTE This volume contains lecture notes of the 1979 Karpacz Winter School on modern trends in theory of condensed matter. What was meant by !!modern trends" was to a large extent left to the lecturers to decide, therefore the School was indeed ex- pected to cover a broad spectrum of topics ranging from classical liquids to per- fect solids. Lecturers were invited in a way which undoubtedly reflected the local interests of Polish scientific communities, nevertheless we hope the scope was broad enough to evoke general interest yet not too broad to put the specialists off. The character of the School as si usual ni Karpacz~ was somewhat interpolative: it was not a school in the traditional sense - with long and detailed lectures, but it was not allowed to turn into a conference either. Some people may of course view this as disadvantage, but sixteen years of experience with the Karpacz Schools has pro- ved this to be the right formula for our purposes. We thought the ideal solution would be to reproduce the lecture notes in the form submitted by authors and we tried to do this wherever possible. Due to the most regrettable circumstances the decision to publish the book with the Sprlnger Verlag was reached after most of the manuscripts were already in our hands. To meet the Publisher's demands most of them had to be retyped and quite a number had to be shortened. This was clearly a pain and a nuisance, but we would like to acknowledge that almost all lectures understood our position and responded favourably and without grumbling. This applies in particular to Phillip Allen, Kuang An Chao, Shigetoshi Katsura, Manfred Lucke, Franco Persico, Franz Schwab] and Peter Wolfle, who had to shorten their original lecture notes substantially, and they have our deepest gratitude. We appreciate very much the help obtained from others who retyped their manuscripts. The lectures of G~rard Toulouse were not read by him in Karpacz, because for some bureaucratic reasons he failed to appear ni person. However, as his were the first complete lecture notes submitted, and as they were distributed and used by the par- ticipants during the School, we have decided to include them ni the Proccedings. Regretfully, some other lectures read at the School are not included in this volume. These were lectures by L. Buishvilli (Tbilisi), Z. Galasiewicz (Wroc~aw), and H. Thomas (Basel). We also enjoyed very much a couple of evening talks by John M. Ziman on the social problems of §cience. It si our duty and pleasure to thank all the lecturers for their most kind attitu- de, the pains they took to come and lecture in spite of the severe winter, communi- cation disasters etc. and their lack of grumbling about the spartan conditions they VI had to live ni during the School. They created a great atmosphere of excitement about physics, scientific and human relationships, and a feeling of friendship and mutual stimulation. The core of the Organizing Committee was formed by the following members of the Institute of Theoretical Physics: Janusz J~drzejewski, Jan Lorenc~ Tadeusz Paszkie- ~icz, Zygmunt Petru, Aleksandra Podolska-Strycharska, Maria St~licka and Zbigniew 5trycharski. We were tremendously helped by our research students: .K Gfowacki, .J Kocik, B. Milewski, A. Mrozi6ska, .C O|eksy, .K Redlich, M. Schroeder and W. Ur- banik. The numerous troubles, some usual some most unusual that we had to face would not have been overcome without their devotion and hard work. Last but not least our thanks are due to our only sponsor: the University of ~roc~aw, to sti Rector and his staff. Jerzy Przystawa, Director of the School and Andrzej P~kalski, i Ed tor List of the Karpacz Winter Schools (1964-1980) 1964 - Various Problems of Theoretical Physics 1965 - Applications of Group Theory in Physics 1966 - Statistical Physics and Many-Body Problems 1967 - Functional Methods in Quantum Field Theory and Statistical Mechanics 1968 - Axiomatic Approach to Quantum Field Theory and to Many-Body Problems 1969 - Magnetic Phenomena in Solids 1970 - Luquid Helium and Many-Body Problems 1971 - New Developments in Relativistic Quantum Field Theory 1972 - Theory of Metals and Many-Body Problems 1973 - Recent Developments in Relativistic Quantum Field Theory and Their Applications *) 1974 - Magnetism in Metals and Metallic Components (1976 Plenum Press, Eds. J.T. topusza6ski, A. P~kalski and J. Przystawa) 1975 - Functional and Probabilistic Methods ni Quantum Field Theory 1976 - Recent Developments in Relativistic Quantum Field Theory and Its Applications 1977 - Collective Effects in Condensed Media 1978 - Mathematical Aspects of Quantum Field Theory 1979 - Modern Trends in Theory of Condensed Matter *) Proceedings of all the schools, but 1974, were published by the Wroc%aw Hniversity Press. CONTENTS Quantum Liquids .I Some Experiments with Liquid Helium D.F. Brewer I .2 Diatomic Molecules and Cooper Pairs A.J. Leg~ett 31 .3 Current Density ni the BCS Ground State for a Spatially Non-Uniform Anisotropic Superfluid N.D. Mermin 28 .4 Hamiltonlan Equations of Hydrodynamics of Quantum Liquid ni the Presence of Solitons I.M. Khalatnikov and V.V. Lebedev 36 .5 Theory of noI Mobility ni Liquid 3He .P W~lfle 47 .6 The Excitation Spectra of Liquid 4He at Zero Temperature and of a 3He Atom Moving ni ti .M Lucke 74 .7 Autocorrelation Functions of Density and Transversal Current for 3He )B( ni the Coll~sionless Regime .J Czerwonko 114 ,8 Microscopic Derivation of Orbital Hydrodynamic Equations ni Superfluid 3He-A .K Nagai 135 Classical Liquids .9 C|assical Charged Fluids at High Density M.P. Tosi 150 .01 Locally Nonuniform Fluids A. Fuli~ski 163 Random Systems .!I Random Walks on Random Lattices P.N. Butcher 174 .21 A Lecture on the Topological Theory of Defects ni Ordered Media: How the Old Theory was Leading ot Paradoxes, and how Their Resolution Comes Within the Larger Frameworks of Homotopy Theory .G Toulouse 188 IIIV .31 The Frustration Model .G Toulouse 195 .41 Macroscopic Description of Spin Glasses I.E. Dzyaloshinskii 204 .51 Spin Glasses for the Long Ranged and Short Ranged Bond Ising Models Without Using the Replica Method Sh. Katsura 225 .61 Spin Glass with Nonmagnetic Impurities A.A. Abrikosov 251 .71 Magnetic Excitations ni Ferromagnets and Structural Disorder .J Morkowski 272 .81 May Disorder Create Frequency Gaps ni Phonon Spectra? .A Czachor 297 .91 Mort Versus Anderson Localization ni 2 IT-TaS .P Fazekas 328 20. Theory of Impurity States ni Heavily Doped Semiconductors K.A. Chao 339 21. On the Fermi Surfaces of Random Substitutional Alloys .B Gordon, B.L. Gyorffy, oM.lb Temmerman, A.Jo Pindor 366 Phase Transitions 22. Theory of Superconducting Transition Temperature, Pair Susceptibility, and Coherence Length P.B. Allen 388 23. Phase Transitions and Symmetry .P Bak 414 24. Theory of Elastic Phase Transitions and Soft Acoustic Modes .F Schwab] 432 25. Structural Phase Transitions into Incommensurate Phases .V Dvorak 4~7 .62 On the Theory of Structural Phase Transitions ni Magnetic Crystals .H Konwent and N.M. Plakida 478 .72 Displacive Reconstruction Phase Transitions of Clean Transition Metal and Semiconductor Surfaces .E Tosattl 501 Other Topics .82 Dense Phases of Hydrogen N.W. Ashcroft 135 XI .92 Properties of Metals and the Local Geometry of the Fermi Surfaces M.I. Ka~anov and T. .uJ Lisovskaya 537 .03 A New Method of Obtaining Information about Phonon Density of States and Electron-Phonon Interaction ni Metals A.J. Pindor 563 .13 Interaction Between Strong Radiation Fields and Two-Level Atoms: A Canonical Transformation Approach .F Persico 175
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