Modern Immunosuppressives

220 Pages·2001·4.309 MB·English

by  Roy Caine, David J. G. White (auth.), Dr. Henk-Jan Schuurman, Dr. Gilles Feutren, Prof. Dr. Jean-François Bach (eds.)

Milestones in Drug Therapy
MDT
Series Editors
Prof. Dr. Michael J. Parnham Prof. Dr. J. Bruinvels
PLIVA INFARM
Research Institute Sweelincklaan 75
Prilaz baruna Filipovica 25 NL-3723 JC Bilthoven
10000 Zagreb The Netherlands
Croatia
Modern
ImOlunosuppressives
Edited by H.-J. Schuurman, G. Feutren and J.-F. Bach
Springer Basel AG
Editors
Dr. Henk·Jan Schuunnan Dr. Gilles Feutren Prof. Dr. Jean·Fra~ois Bach
Novanis Phanna AG Novartis Phanna AG Immunologie Clinique
present address: 4002 Basel HOpital Necker
Immerge BioTherapeu1ics Switzerland 161 Rue de St!vres
Building 75 Paris Cedex 15
3rd Avenuc, Charlestown Navy Yard France
Charleslown. MA 02129. USA
Advisory Board
J.C. Buckingham (Imperial College School of Medicinc, London, UK)
D. de Wied (Rudolf Magnus Institute for Neurosciences, Utrecht, The Nelherlands)
F.K. Goodwin (Center on Neuroscience, Washington, USA)
G. Larnbrecht (J.w. Goethe Universillit, Frankfurt Gennany)
Library or Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Modem immunosuppressivesl ediled by H.-J. Schuunnan, G. Feulren. and l-F. Bach.
p. ; cm. - (Milestones in drug lherapy)
lncludcs bibliographical references and index.
l. Immunosuppressive agents. 1. Schuurman. H.·J. (Henk-Jan). 1950-Il. Feutren, G. (Gillcs) III.
Bach. Jean-Franf;ois.IV. Serics.
[DNLM: 1, Immunosuppressive Agents- lherapeutic usc. 2. AUloirnrnune Discases-therapy.
3. Biological Products- therapcutic use, 4. Immunosuppression. 5. Transplant.ation Immunology.
QW920M6892001[
RM373 .M63 2001
61S".37-dc21 2001020346
Dcutsche Bibliothek Catalogiog-io-Publication Data
Modem Immunosuppressives I 00. by H.-J. Schuunnan ... -Basel : Boston: Berlin: Birkhauser, 2001
(MilCSloncs in drog therapy)
ISBN 978-3-0348-9530-9 ISBN 978-3-0348-8352-8 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-0348-8352-8
The publisher and editor can give no guarantee for 1he information on drug dosage and administra
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@2001 Springer l3ascl AG
Originally publishcd by Birkhiiuser Verlag, Basel. Switzertand in 2001
PrinlOO on acid-free paper produced from chlorine-free pulp. TFC ..
Cover illustrntion: Mechanism of aClion of RAPA (sec p. 45)
987654321
Table of contents
Abbreviations ........................................... VII
List of contributors IX
Preface XI
Roy Caine and David J. G. White
Introduction, global perspectives and history of immunosuppression
Immunosuppressive drugs
Gary A. Levy, Gerard F. Murphy and Paul A. Keown
Cyclosporine: role of pharmacokinetics ....................... 11
Suphamai Bunnapradist and Gabriel Danovitch
Tacrolimus .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. .. . . . . . 29
Johnny C. Hong and Barry D. Kahan
The potential role of immunosuppressive macrocyclic lactones 43
Christophe Legendre and Eric Thervet
Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibition:
mycophenolate mofetil ................................... 77
Biologicals
Lucienne Chatenoud and Jean-Franrois Bach
Therapeutic anti-T-cell monoclonal antibodies 99
Terry B. Strom
Targeting the IL-2 receptor with antibodies or chimeric toxins 115
New avenues in immunosuppression
Pekka Hayry, Hanna Savolainen, Serdar Yilmaz and Einari Aavik
Emerging therapeutic strategies for the prevention and treatment
of chronic allograft rejection ............................... 125
VI Contents
Stuart J. Knechtle and Majed M. Hamawy
Tolerance induction ....... . ...... . . ....... .... .. ...... ... 149
Reto A. Gadient, Thomas Buhler, Marcel Luyten and N. Rao Movva
Gene therapy approaches to immunosuppression ... ............. 169
Perspectives
Ting-Chao Chou and Barry D. Kahan
A rigorous approach to the diagnosis of synergy among
combination therapies of immunosuppressive agents .......... ... 183
Jean-Fran~ois Bach
Lessons for transplantation of cyclosporine experience in
the treatment of autoimmune diseases ...... ... ............... 20 1
Subject index ...................... .. ... ....... . ... ..... 215
Abbreviations
AAV adeno-associated virus
ADA adenosine deaminase
ADCC antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity
ALG anti-lymphocyte globulin
AMP adenosine monophosphate
ASC ascomycin
ATG anti-thymocyte globulin
AVC area under the curve
CDC complement-dependent cytotoxicity
CDR complementarity-determining region
CI combination index
Cmax maximum blood concentration
CminO pre-dose (trough) level
CMV cytomegalovirus
CNS central nervous system
CsA cycIosporine A
CTL cytotoxic T-Iymphocyte
CYP cytochrome P
o
dose
Dexa dexamethasone
Om median-effect dose
DRI dose-reduction index
DSG 15-deoxypergualin
DT diphtheria toxin
ED effective dose
EDso median-effect dose
EDTA ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid
Ep enisoprost
ER estrogen receptor
FasL Fas ligand
FGF fibroblast growth factor
FK506 tacrolimus
FKBP FK-binding proteins
GMP guanosine monophosphate
GVHD graft-versus-host disease
HAMA human anti-mouse antibody
HPLC high performance liquid chromatography
HSP70 heat-shock protein 70
HSV herpes simplex virus
ICso median-effect concentration
IFN interferon
Ig immunoglobulin
VIII Abbreviations
IL-2 interleukin 2
IL-2R interleukin-2 receptor
IL-IO interleukin 10
IMP inosine monophosphate
IMPOH IMP dehydrogenase
IT immunotoxin
m exponential coefficient signifying the sigmoidicity of the dose
effect curve
6-MP 6-mercaptopurine
MHC major histocompatibility complex
MLR mixed lymphocyte reaction
MMF mycophenolate mofetil
MMP matrix metalloprotein
MoLV Moloney leukemia virus
MPA mycophenolic acid
MPAG mycophenolic acic glucuronide
Mtor mammalian target of RAPA
NIMA non-inherited maternal antigen
NIPA non-inherited paternal antigen
PAH p-aminohippurate
PO pharmacodynamics
POGF platelet-derived growth factor
PEA Pseudomonas exotoxin A
PK pharmacokinetics
PRPP phosphoribosyl-l-pyrophosphate
PTOM post-transplant diabetes mellitus
PTK protein tyrosine kinase
PUVA psoralen ultraviolet A
r linear regression coefficient of the median-effect plot
RAPA rapamycin
RCMV rat cytomegalovirus
RSV Rous sarcoma virus
SA sulfonamide
SST somatostatin
SSTR somatostatin receptor
SV40 simian virus 40
TCR T-cell antigen receptor
TOM therapeutic drug monitoring
TGF transforming growth factor
Th1l2 T-helper type 112
TLI total lymphoid irradiation
t time when highest drug levels were measured
max
TMP trimethoprim
TNF tumor necrosis factor
TRL tacrolimus
IX
List of contributors
Einari Aavik, Transplantation Laboratory and Rational Drug Design Program,
Biomedicum, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central
Hospital, P.O. Box 21, (Haartmaninkatu 3), FIN-OOOI4 Helsinki, Finland;
e-mail: [email protected]
Jean-Fran90is Bach, INSERM U25, Hopital Necker, 161 Rue de Sevres,
F-75015 Paris, France; e-mail: [email protected]
Thomas BUhler, Novartis Pharma AG, Transplantation Research, WSJ-
386/906, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; e-mail:
[email protected]
Suphamai Bunnapradist, Kidney Transplant Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical
Center, 8635 W. 3rd Street, Suite 590 W, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA;
e-mail: [email protected]
Roy CaIne, Cambridge University, UK (emeritus professor of surgery)
Lucienne Chatenoud, INSERM U25, Hopital Necker, 161 Rue de Sevres,
F-75015 Paris, France; e-mail: [email protected]
Ting-Chao Chou, Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics Program,
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York,
NY 1002, USA; e-mail: [email protected]
Gabriel Danovitch, UCLA Medical Center, Renal Transplantation Unit,
Department of Nephrology, 10833 LaConte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA
90024, USA; e-mail: [email protected]
Reto A. Gadient, Novartis Pharma AG, Transplantation Research, WSJ-386/906,
P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
Majed M. Hamawy, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Department of
Surgery, 600 Highland Av., Madison, WI 53792-7375, USA; e-mail:
[email protected]
Pekka Hayry, Transplantation Laboratory and Rational Drug Design Program,
Biomedicum, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central
Hospital, P.O. Box 21, (Haartmaninkatu 3), FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland;
e-mail: [email protected]
Johnny C. Hong, Division of Organ Transplantation, Department of Surgery,
The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street,
Suite 6.240, Houston, Texas 77030, USA; e-mail: [email protected]
Barry D. Kahan, Division of Organ Transplantation, Department of Surgery,
The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Suite
6.240, Houston, Texas 77030, USA; e-mail: [email protected]
Paul A. Keown, Vancouver General Hospital, 855 West 12th Ave., Vancouver,
BC V5Z IM9, Canada
x List of contributors
Stuart 1. Knechtle, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Department of
Surgery, 600 Highland Av., Madison, WI 53792-7375, USA; e-mail:
[email protected]
Christophe Legendre, Service de Nephrologie, Hopital Saint Louis, 1, Avenue
C. Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, France; e-mail: [email protected]
hop-paris.fr
Gary A. Levy, Multi Organ Transplant Program, Toronto General Hospital,
University Health Network, 621 University Avenue, NU-1O-116, Toronto,
ON, Canada M5G 2C4; e-mail: [email protected]
Marcel Luyten, Novartis Pharma AG, Transplantation Research, WSJ-
386/906, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; e-mail:
[email protected]
N. Rao Movva, Novartis PharmaAG, Transplantation Research, WSJ-386/906,
P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; e-mail:
[email protected]
Gerard F. Murphy, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Canada, 385 Boui. Bouchard,
Dorval, PQ, Canada H9S lA9
Hanna Savolainen, Transplantation Laboratory and Rational Drug Design
Program, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University
Central Hospital, P.O. Box 21, (Haartmaninkatu 3), FIN-00014 Helsinki,
Finland; e-mail: [email protected]
Terry B. Strom, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Division
of Immunology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Research North,
Room 380, P.O. Box 15707, Boston, MA 02215, USA
Eric Thervet, Service de Nephrologie, Hopital Saint Louis, 1, Avenue C.
Vellefaux, F-75010 Paris, France
David J.G. White, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario,
Siebens Drake Building, 1400 Western Road, London, Ontario, Canada
N6G 2V4; e-mail: [email protected]
Serdar Yilmaz, Transplantation Laboratory and Rational Drug Design
Program, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University
Central Hospital, P.O. Box 21, (Haartmaninkatu 3), FIN-00014 Helsinki,
Finland; e-mail: [email protected]