Modern Diplomacy

455 Pages·2013·3.3 MB·English

by  R. P. Barston

Modern Diplomacy
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Modern Diplomacy
Fourth Edition
R.P. Barston
First published 1998 by Addison Wesley Longman
Second edition 1997
Third edition 2006
Fourth edition published 2013 by Pearson Education

Published 2014 by Routledge
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Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

Copyright © 1988, 2006, 2013 Taylor & Francis

The right of R.P. Barston to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in
accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by
any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including
photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in
writing from the publishers.

Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience
broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical
treatment may become necessary.

Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating
and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such
information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including
parties for whom they have a professional responsibility.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Barston, R. P. (Ronald Peter)
Modern diplomacy / R.P. Barston. — 4th ed.
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 978-1-4479-2141-7
1. Diplomacy. I. Title.
JZ1405.B37 2012
327.2–dc23 2012029872
ISBN: 978-1-4479-2141-7 (pbk)
Print edition typeset in 10/12pt New Baskerville by 73
Contents
List of figures and tables vii
Preface ix
Acknowledgments x
List of abbreviations xiii
1 The changing nature of diplomacy 1
2 Foreign policy organisation 14
3 Diplomatic methods 32
4 Negotiation 51
5 Developing diplomatic practice 73
6 Groups and networks 96
7 Cyber diplomacy 112
8 International financial relations 124
9 Trade, foreign policy and diplomacy 159
10 Environmental diplomacy 183
11 Environmental diplomacy: case examples 202
12 Disaster and emergency diplomacy 231
vi Contents
13 Diplomacy and security 244
14 Diplomacy and mediation 261
15 The diplomacy of normalisation 274
16 Diplomatic correspondence: case examples 288
17 International treaties 349
18 International agreements: case examples 385
Conclusion 426
Index 428
List of figures
2.1 Finland foreign ministry 19
2.2 UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office 20
2.3 Japanese foreign ministry 21
3.1 Strait of Hormuz 37
6.1 Former states of the Soviet Union 106
9.1 Senkaku Islands 176
11.1 Paris MOU organisational structure 218
11.2 Chad–Cameroon petroleum pipeline 222
12.1 Tsunami warning system in the Pacific 234
12.2 Indian Ocean Tsunami 235
List of tables
1.1 Tasks of diplomacy 2
2.1 Single trade/foreign ministry 22
4.1 Classification of subjects handled in international negotiations 54
8.1 Countries ranked by debt to banks, end December
1982 ($ millions) 138
8.2 List of HIPC countries 150
9.1 Trade and diplomacy 160
9.2 Types of trade diplomacy 160
9.3 Bilateral economic agreements 169
viii List of tables
9.4 Other sources of international trade disputes 173
11.1 Commission strategy: annexation of the Paris MOU 219
12.1 Pacific and other tsunamis 233
13.1 UN peace-keeping operations since 1948 251
13.2 Redefinition strategies 255
15.1 Stages of normalisation 280
Preface
The concern of this book is to analyse some of the main elements that
make up contemporary diplomacy. Since the completion of the first
edition, a number of important changes have occurred within the inter-
national system, which have affected players, procedures and the con-
tent of diplomacy. The fourth edition has been substantially rewritten to
reflect these developments. New chapters have been included on diplo-
matic strategy; developing diplomatic practice; communications meth-
ods, including media; and emerging networks and groupings. Other
important changes covered include issues related to the cyber dimension
of diplomacy. In addition, a further feature of this edition has been the
opportunity to introduce a number of new or little discussed ideas and
concepts including diplomatic space; counter diplomacy; the role of
NGOs and other agencies as instruments of the ‘disguised’ state; and the
promotion of events and conferences as part of ‘hub’ or niche diplomacy.
Modern Diplomacy is organised around six broad areas: the chang-
ing nature of diplomacy; developing diplomatic practice; negotiation;
emerging groups and networks; use and issues in cyber diplomacy and
the operation of diplomacy in specific sectors – international trade,
international finance, environment, natural disasters and international
conflict (security; mediation; normalisation). The final section of the
book reviews and illustrates formal and informal uses in diplomatic
practice of diplomatic correspondence and various types of interna-
tional agreements. The purpose of this and other sections of the book
is to convey something of the varied and complex nature of contempo-
rary diplomacy, which the pursuit and study of by the practitioner and
analyst, remains central to international relations and the challenge of
order.
Professor R.P. Barston
Sussex