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Postel RFC-1122 (originates in RFC-760) Contents Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv About the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xvii Typographic Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix 1 Basic Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 Generations of Mobile Communications Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Telecommunications Context: Standardization and Regulation . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.3 Global System for Mobile Communication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.3.1 Cellular Concept. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.3.2 GSM Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.3.3 Mobile Station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.3.4 Base Transceiver Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.3.5 Base Station Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.3.6 Mobile Switching Center and Visitor Location Register . . . . . . . . 7 1.3.7 Home Location Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.4 General Packet Radio Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.4.1 GPRS Architecture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.4.2 Serving GPRS Support Node. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.4.3 Gateway GPRS Support Node. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.5 Universal Mobile Telecommunications System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.5.1 3G Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 1.5.2 First Phase UMTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1.5.3 First Phase UMTS Architecture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 1.5.4 User Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 1.5.5 UTRA Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 1.5.6 First Phase UMTS Core Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 1.5.7 Second Phase UMTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 1.6 Wireless Application Protocol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 1.6.1 Introduction to WAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 1.6.2 WAPArchitecture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 1.6.3 Push Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 1.6.4 User Agent Profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 1.6.5 WAP 1.x Legacy Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 1.6.6 WAP HTTP Proxy with Wireless Profiled TCPand HTTP. . . . . . . 24 1.6.7 HTTP with Direct Access. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25