Mistletoe, Ball moss, Spanish moss, and Lichens in Trees PDF
Preview Mistletoe, Ball moss, Spanish moss, and Lichens in Trees
Mistletoe, Ball moss, Spanish moss, and Lichens in Trees Mark C. Black, Extension Plant Pathologist, Texas AgriLife Extension Service, Uvalde Biological interactions Neutralism - fitness of one species has no effect • on fitness of other (unlikely!) Commensalism – epiphyte benefited, tree neither • benefited or harmed Mutualism (symbiosis)- species derive a mutual • benefit Parasitism - one organism takes from the host for • a long time Hemiparasitism - takes water and nutrients from • the host, but is photosynthetic and makes some products Competition – one species limits space, sunlight • Mistletoe Class Magnoliopsida • Family Viscaceae, 2 genera in Texas • Diversity Trans Pecos > Edwards Plateau > • rest of Texas Arceuthobium (dwarf-mistletoe) • Phoradendron (mistletoe) Phoradendron tomentosum, injerto, • Christmas mistletoe Mistletoe relatives Commandra • umbellata, bastard toadflax Euonymus americanus, • brook euonymus Control? Plant Epiphytes Autotrophic • Derive only physical support, not • nutrition from the host May damage the host • Attach to their host high in the • canopy Large epiphytes occur most • abundantly in moist tropical forests, but mosses and lichens occur widespread as epiphytes with trees. Costa Rica Ball Moss Class Liliopsida • Family Bromeliaceae, 2 genera in Texas • Diversity S, E Texas > N Texas • Hechtia (false agave) • Tillandsia (ballmoss, spanish moss) Tillandsia baileyi, Bailey ballmoss • Tillandsia recurvata, small ballmoss Close relatives Tillandsia baileyi • Gulf Prairies and Marshes South Texas Plains Control?
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