Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Leukemia 1986 PDF
Preview Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Leukemia 1986
I MINIMAL RESIDUAL DISEASE IN ACUTE LEUKEMIA 1986 II DEVELOPMENTS IN ONCOLOGY F.J. Cleton and J.W.I.M. Simons, eds., Genetic Origins of Tumour Cells. ISBN 90-247-2272-1 J. Aisner and P. Chang, eds., Cancer Treatment Research. ISBN 90-247-2358-2 B.W. Ongerboer de Visser, D.A. Bosch and W.M.H. van Woerkom-Eykenboom, eds., Neuro oncology: Clinical and Experimental Aspects. ISBN 90-247-2421-X K. Hellmann, P. Hilgard and S. Eccles, eds., Metastasis: Clinical and Experimental Aspects. ISBN 90-247-2424-4 H.F. Seigler, ed., Clinical Management of Melanoma. ISBN 90-247-2584-4 P. Correa and W. Haenszel, eds., Epidemiology of Cancer of the Digestive Tract. ISBN 90-247-2601-8 L.A. Liotta and I.R. Hart, eds., Tumour Invasion and Metastasis. ISBN 90-247-2611-5 J. Banoczy, ed., Oral Leukoplakia. ISBN 90-247-2655-7 C. Tijssen, M. Halprin and L. Endtz, eds., Familial Brain Tumours. ISBN 90-247-2691-3 F.M. Muggia, C.W. Young and S.K. Carter, eds., Anthracycline Antibiotics in Cancer. ISBN 90-247-2711-1 B.W. Hancock, ed., Assessment of Tumour Response. ISBN 90-247-2712-X D.E. Peterson, ed., Oral Complications of Cancer Chemotherapy. ISBN 0-89838-563-6 R. Mastrangelo, D.G. Poplack and R. Riccardi, eds., Central Nervous System Leukemia. Prevention and Treatment. ISBN 0-89838-570-9 A. Polliack, ed., Human Leukemias. Cytochemical and Ultrastructural Techniques in Diagnosis and Research. ISBN 0-89838-585-7 W. Davis, C. Maltoni and S. Tanneberger, eds., The Control of Tumor Growth and its Biological Bases. ISBN 0-89838-603-9 A.P.M. Heintz, C.Th. Griffiths and J.B. Trimbos, eds., Surgery in Gynecological Oncology. ISBN 0-89838-604-7 M.P. Hacker, E.B. Double and I. Krakoff, eds., Platinum Coordination Complexes in Cancer Chemotherapy. ISBN 0-89838-619-5 M.J. van Zwieten, The Rat as Animal Model in Breast Cancer Research: A Histopathological Study of Radiation-and Hormone-Induced Rat Mammary Tumors. ISBN 0-89838-624-1 B. Lowenberg and A. Hagenbeek, eds., Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Leukemia. ISBN 0-89838-630-6 I. van der Waal and G.B. Snow, eds., Oral Oncology. ISBN 0-89838-631-4 B.W. Hancock and A.H. Ward, eds., Immunological Aspects of Cancer. ISBN 0-89838-664-0 K.V. Honn and B.F. Sloane, Hemostatic Mechanisms and Metastasis. ISBN 0-89838-667-5 K.R. Harrap, W'. Davis and A.H. Calvert, eds., Cancer Chemotherapy and Selective Drug Devel. opment. ISBN 0-89838-673-X C.J.H. van de Ve1de and P.H. Sugarbaker, eds., Liver Metastasis. ISBN 0-89838-648-5 D.J. Ruiter, K. Welvaart and S. Ferrone, eds., Cutaneous Melanoma and Precursor Lesions. ISBN 0-89838-689-6 S.B. Howell, ed., Intra-arterial and Intracavitary Cancer Chemotherapy. ISBN 0-89838-691-8 D.L. Kisner and J.F. Smyth, eds., In',te"rfre ro"n ",A :l-p'h.a -2: Pre-Clinical and Clinical Evaluation. ISBN 0-89838-701-9 :,'w;""~ '#, P. Furmanski, J .C. Hager and M.A. Rich, eds., RNA Tumor Viruses, Oncogenes, Human Cancer and Aids: On the Frontiers of Understanding. ISBN 0-89838-703-5 J. Talmadge, I.J. Fidler and R.K. Oldham, Screening for Biological Response Modifiers: Methods and Rationale. ISBN 0-89838-712-4 J.C. Bottino, R.W. Opfell and F.M. Muggia, eds., Liver Cancer. ISBN 0-89838-713-2 P.K. Pattengale, R.J. Lukes and C.R. Taylor, Lymphoproliferative Diseases: Pathogenesis, Diag nosis, Therapy. ISBN 0-89838-725-6 F. Cavalli, G. Bonadonna and M. Rozencweig, eds., Malignant Lymphomas and Hodgkin's Disease: Experimental and Therapeutic Advances. ISBN 0-89838-727-2 J.G. McVie, W. Bakker, Sj.Sc. Wagenaar and D. Carney, eds., Clinical and Experimental Pathology of Lung Cancer. ISBN 0-89838-764-7 D.G. Poplack, L. Massimo and P. Cornaglia-Ferraris, eds., The Role of Pharmacology in Pediatric Oncology. ISBN 0-89838-795-7 A. Hagenbeek and B. Lowenberg, eds., Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Leukemia 1986. ISBN 0-89838-799-x III MINIMAL RESIDUAL DISEASE IN ACUTE LEUKEMIA 1986 edited by Anton Hagenbeek, MD, PhD Bob Lowenberg, MD, PhD The Dr. Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam The Netherlands 1986 MARTIN US NIJHOFF PUBLISHERS .- II a member of the KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS GROUP DORDRECHT / BOSTON / LANCASTER IV Distributors for the United States and Canada: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 190 Old Derby Street, Hingham, MA 02043, USA for the UK and Ireland: Kluwer Academic Publishers, MTP Press Limited, Falcon House, Queen Square, Lancaster LA1 1RN, UK for all other countries: Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, Distribution Center, P.O. Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Minimal residual disease in acute leukemia, 1986. (Developments in oncology) Includes bibliographies and index. 1. Leukemia--Relapse. I. Hagenbeek, A. (Anton) II. Lowenberg, B. (Bob), 1946- • II. Series. [DNLM: 1. Bone Marrow--transplantation. 2. Leukemia- diagnosis. 3. Leukemia--therapy. 4. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local--diagnosis. 5. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local--therapy. Wl DE998N / WH 250 M665] RC643.M54 1986 616.99'41906 86-851 ISBN-13: 978-94-010-8398-0 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-4273-8 001: 10.1007/978-94-009-4273-8 Copyright © 1986 by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1986 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, P.O. Box 163, 3300 AD Dordrecht, The Netherlands. v PREFACE Relapse of leukemia following successful remission-induction therapy remains a major obstacle in the treatment of patients with acute leukemia. Leukemia recurs most frequently in patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) and high risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) following chemotherapy and less often in patients with low risk ALL and particularly in patient groups> submitted to allogeneic marrow transplantation.' It is likely that the great majority of these recurrences originate from residual leukemic cells that survive initial remission-induction chemotherapy. Today, several research groups throughout the world place emphasis on studies concerned with the detection and treatment of 'minimal residual disease' (MRD). These investigations are conducted with the common objective to tackle the remaining cells. 'Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Leukemia: 1986' summarizes the fast advancements in this area. Several disciplines are concerned with the analysis of leukemic cells. The perspectives of cytogenetic and molecular genetic approaches for applica tion in the detection of MRD are reviewed. In this respect, modern cyto genetics provide highly specific tumor markers. The resolution of cyto genetic methods can be particularly improved when combined with other techniques which select relevant subpopulations of cells. Characterization of oncogenes and gene rearrangements, including those of immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor genes, and the measurement of gene products, have been established. Techniques based on these approaches offer interesting tools for the detection of MRD. New possibilities of employing monoclonal anti bodies are also presented. The reagents are applied to enriched subpopula tions and hold promise for tracing leukemic cells with specific phenotypes. Some of these studies especially focus on the detection of in vitro clono genic leukemic cells. As regards the treatment of 'minimal residual disease', new strategies of chemotherapy of acute myeloblastic and lymphoblastic leukemia are under investigation. These include high-dose cytosine arabinoside, and high-dose treatment followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). The developments of immunological and pharmacological means to eliminate residual leukemic cells from autologous marrow grafts, are highlighted and discussed in the context of a comprehensive survey of the results of ABMT employing 'unpurged' marrow. A considerable amount of data on the long-term outcome of HLA-matched allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is now becoming available. Commu cations from major studies deal with the incidence of leukemia relapses and with the causes of mortality among patients surviving five years or more after transplantation. A section of this book is devoted to the pre vention of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. This section focusses in particular on the physico chemical and immunological methods by means of T-lymphocytes which are removed from the marrow graft. From the results of these investigations it becomes clear that GvH~can be prevented to a significant extent. These results show that allogeneic marrow transplantation is becoming safer. VI This opens perspectives for a wider application of bone marrow transplanta tion, regarding a crossing of the histocompatability barrier and applica tion of the procedure in relation to older patients. The gradually increasing experiences with 'Mismatched Bone marrow trans plantation' are updated in this book. The achievements of the continuous research in this field are numerous and exciting. We have become impressed by the speed at which progress has been made, considering that only two years have elapsed since the first volume on 'Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Leukemia' was published. Anton Hagenbeek and Bob Lowenberg January 1986 VII CONTENTS Preface v Contents VII List of First Authors with Co-Authors XI Part I - Detection of Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Leukemia New possibilities for cytogenetic analysis of leukemic cells A. Hagemeyer, H.J. Adriaansen, C.R. Bartram Breakpoint analysis in CML: potentials for detection of minimal residual disease G.C. Grosveld, D. Bootsma, A. de Klein, N. Heisterkamp, K. Stam, J. Groffen 12 The mammalian ETS genes: two unique chromosomal locations in cat, mice and man and novel translocated position in human leukemias T.S. Papas, O.K. Watson, N. Sacchi, S.J. O'Brien, R. Ascione 23 Activated RAS oncogenes in acute leukemia J.L. B~ M. Verlaan-de Vries, A.J. van der Eb, R. Delmel, B. Lowenberg, S. Rodenhuis, J.W.G. Janssen, L.P. Colly 43 DNA rearrangements as unique markers of clonal evolution, recurrence and translocation J.J. Wrigth, D.G. Poplack, A. Bakhshi, S.J. Korsmeyer 51 The application of monoclonal antibodies for the detection and classifica tion of AML J.D. Griffin 58 Towards detection of minimal disease: discrimination of AML precursors fron normal myeloid precursors using a combination of surface makers R. Delwel, I. Touw, B. Lowenberg 68 An immunological approach to analyse the kinetics of minimal residual disease in acute leukemia A. Hagenbeek, A.C.M. Martens 76 Visualization of minor cell populations with simultaneous three-parameter flow cytometry: BN rat marrow and spleen model A.K. Sullivan, A. Brox, G. Price 86 Growth kinetics of minimal residual disease in the brown Norway rat acute myelocytic leukemia F.W. Schultz, A.C.M. Martens, A. Hagenbeek 97 VIII Detection of minimal residual acute lymphoblastic leukemia by immunological marker analysis: possibilities and limitations J.J.M~ van Dongen, H. Hooijkaas, H.J. Adriaansen, K. Hahlen, G.E. van Zanen 113 Surveillance of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-positive cells in peripheral blood of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia R.G. Smith, M.L. Hetherington, P.R. Huntsman, G.R. Buchanan 134 In vitro colony forming cells of acute lymphoblastic leukemia: analysis nf 24 cases with recombinant interleukin 2 as growth stimulus I. Touw, W. Hofhuis, G.E. van Zanen, R. Delwel, B. Lowenberg 141 Part II - Intensive Chemotherapy Regimens for 'Minimal Residual Disease' in Acute Myeloblastic and Lymphoblastic Leukemia Biologic and treatment determinants of curability in acute myologenous leukemia M.J. Keating, K.B. McCredie, E.J. Freireich 148 High-dose cytosine-arabinoside plus AMSA for reinduction or consolidation maintenance in acute myelogenous leukemia R. Zittoun 159 Treatment of residual disease in AML: interim analysis of a southeastern cancer study group prospective randomized clinical trial R.S. Weiner, M. Raney, G.J. Elfenbein, B.S. Kramer, W.R. Vogler, E.F. Winton, D.C. Shina 167 L-20 protocol for adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a protocol utilizing prognostic factors, intensive chemotherapy and autologus "purged" marrow transplantation to eradicate minimal residual disease T. Gee, S. Gulati, B.D. Clarkson 180 Treatment of minimal residual disease in adult ALL: the German national study D. Hoelzer, E. Thiel, H. Loffler, Th. Buchner, D. Bodenstein, R. Engelhardt, H. Ruhl, A. Ganser, D. Messerer for the BMFT ALL/AUL Study Group 196 Treatment of minimal residual disease in "poor risk" acute lymphoblastic leukaemia with high-dose cytosine arabinoside M.J. Barnett, J.E. Kingston, A. Miller, A.Z.S. Rohatiner, M.A. Horton, M.F. Greaves, J.S. Malpas, T.A. Lister 205 Part III Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation for the Eradication of 'Minimal Residual Leukemia' Autologous bone marrow transplantation in first remission AML using non purged marrow - update A.K •. Burnett, S. McKinnon 211 Double autografting: a potential curative regimen for acute leukaemia? C.C. Anderson, D.C. Linch, A.H. Goldstone for the Bloomsbury Transplant W ~~ IX Autologous bone marrow transplantation in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. A study of ex vivo marrow treatment with 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide A.M. Yeager, H. Kaizer, H.G. Braine, M. Colvin, S.D. Rowley, R. Saral, D.J. Fuller, R.F. Ambinder, W.H. Burns, S. May, L. Sensenbrenner, R.K. Stuart, G.B. Vogelsang, J.R. Wingard, G.W. Santos 234 Attempts to eliminate residual acute myeloid leukemia from autologous bone marrow grafts through in vitro chemotherapy - a review P. Herve, E. Tamayo, J.Y. Cahn, E. Plouvier, M. Flesch, A. Peters Technical assistance: M.C. Charvat 248 Monoclonal antibody purged autologous bone marrow transplantation for relapsed non T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia T. Takvorian, S. Sallan, J. Ritz 266 Allogeneic and autologous marrow transplantation: ex vivo purging with monoclonal antibody or immunotoxins to remove leukemic cells or to prevent graft versus host disease J. Kersey, T. LeBien, D. Vallera, A. Filipovich, P. McGlave, T. Kim, N. Ramsay 275 Detection and selective destruction of tumor cells by the lipophilic dye, merocyanine 540 F. Sieber 282 Part IV Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation for the Eradication of 'Minimal Residual Leukemia' Factors influencing long-term leukemia-free survival after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for acute leukemia F.E. Zwaan, J. Hermans, A. Lyklema for the EBMT Leukemia Working Party 295 Bone marrow transplantation with HLA identical donors in the acute leukemias - Baltimore experience G.W. Santos, R. Saral, W.H. Burns, H.G. Braine, L.L. Sensenbrenner, J.R. Wingard, A.M. Yeager, R.F. Ambinder, S.D. Rowley, S. May, 305 G.B. Vogelsang Results of allogeneic marrow transplantaton in patients transplanted for acute leukemia: a long-term follow-up R.P. Witherspoon, C.D. Buckner, E.D. Thomas, H.J. Deeg, K. Sullivan, R. Clift, K. Doney, N. Flournoy, F. Appelbaum, J. Clark, J. Sanders, R. Storb 318 Bone marrow transplantation in first CR of acute leukaemia using T-depleted marrow from HLA identical sibling donors H.G. Prentice, M.K. Brenner, J-P. Grob, G. Janossy, J. Wimperis, A.V. Hoffbrand, J. Patterson, M. Gilmore, A.E. Thomas, J. Hancock, J.K. Pattinson, N. Bell, D. Skeggs 323 Soybean lectin agglutination and E-rosette depletion for removal of T-cells from HLA-identical marrow grafts: results in 60 consecutive patients transplanted for hematologic malignancy R.J. O'Reilly, N.H. Collins, J. Brochstein, N. Kernan, C. Keever, 337 x H. Castro-Malaspina, N. Flomenberg, J. Laver, S. Gulati, J. Burns, D. Emanual, C. Bordignon, T. Small, D. Hornick, B. Kushner, B. Shank Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in adult leukemia: result of T-cell depletion by soybean lectin fractionation G.W. Slocombe, N.W.J. Yeatman, M.G. Macey, A.C. Newland 345 Rapid lymphocyte depletion by a new elutriator rotor for the prevention of acute graft versus host disease after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation T. de Witte, J. Janssen, A. Plas, J. Wessels, C. Haanen 355 Problems and prospect of histoincompatible bone marrow transplantation studied in rhesus monkeys G. Wagemaker 363 Allogeneic marrow transplantation for the treatment of leukemia. Role of the major histocompatibility complex J.A. Hanssen, P.G. Beatty, R.A. Clift, E.D. Thomas 374 Summing up Minimal residual disease in leukemia: 1986 R.P. Gale 386 Index of subjects 388
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