ebook img

Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge: Proceedings of the Eighth Biennial SGA Meeting Beijing, China, 18–21 August 2005 PDF

821 Pages·2005·66.04 MB·English
Save to my drive
Quick download
Download
Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.

Preview Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge: Proceedings of the Eighth Biennial SGA Meeting Beijing, China, 18–21 August 2005

Jingwen Mao Frank P. Bierlein Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge th The 8 Biennial SGA Meeting is held in Beijing, August 18–21, 2005 Sponsored by China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences National Natural Science Foundation of China China Society of Geology Society for Resource Geology Society of Economic Geologists International Association on the Genesis of Ore Deposits Institute of Geology and Geophysics, CAS Institute of Geochemistry, CAS State Key Lab for Mineral Deposit Research (Nanjing University) Jingwen Mao Frank P. Bierlein (Eds.) Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge Proceedings of the Eighth Biennial SGA Meeting Beijing, China, 18–21 August 2005 Volume 1 With 472 Figures (Volume 1) Editors Professor Dr. Jingwen Mao Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Institute of Mineral Resources 26 Baiwanzhuang Road Beijing 100037 China Dr. Frank P. Bierlein University of Western Australia School of Earth and Geographical Sciences Tectonics Special Research Centre 35 Stirling Highway Crawley WA 6009 Australia Library of Congress Control Number: 2005929130 ISBN-10 3-540-27945-8 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN-13 978-3-540-27945-7 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitations, broad- casting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springeronline.com © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the rel- evant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: Erich Kirchner, Heidelberg Data conversion: Büro Stasch · Bayreuth ( Preface In June 1965, a small group of European economic geologists gathered in Heidelberg, Germany, at the invitation of Professor G. C. Amstutz and decided to establish the Society for Geology Applied to Mineral Deposits (SGA) and to start a journal to be called Mineralium Deposita. The first issue of the journal came out in May 1966, and has now matured to a leading journal in economic geology The first Biennial SGA Meeting was held successfully in Nancy, France, in 1991, with subsequent meetings in Grenada (Spain; 1993), Prague (Czech Republic; 1995), Turku (Finland; 1997), London (United Kingdom; 1999), Krakov (Poland; 2001) and Athens (Greece; 2003). In 2002, the SGA Council decided that its 8th Biennial Meeting in 2005 should be held in Beijing, China, making this the first Biennial Meeting to be convened outside Eu- rope. Significantly, 2005 also marks the 40th anniversary of the SGA. The decision to host this year’s premier meeting in Beijing reflects the Society’s successful transition from its traditional European focus to a truly global organization, with 24% of SGA members situated in North America, 13% in Australia and Oceania, and 5% in Asia. Over the last 27 years China has made dramatic progress towards political and economic reform, and opening the nation to the outside world. China’s rapid eco- nomic development demands increasing amounts of minerals, fuels and materials, and this is currently a major driver for the global economic markets. Specifically, new policies that encourage prospecting and exploration for mineral resources in western China, are attracting both domestic and international mining corporations. This 8th SGA Biennial Meeting in Beijing provides outstanding opportunities for rep- resentatives from academia, government organizations and the industry from around the world to come together and exchange ideas, foster collaboration, and establish long-term linkages between China and the global geosciences community. Three major tectonic metallogenic belts extend, converge and are superimposed in China, namely the Paleozoic Ancient Asia (or Altaides), the Mesozoic to Recent circum-Pacific belt, and the Mesozoic/Cenozoic Tethys. Because of this protracted tectonic evolution, the geological phenomena are complex and diverse. Some Pre- cambrian mineral deposits occur in China, but the most significant deposits in the country, with the highest concentration of metallic elements occur within the Meso- zoic extensional regime of East China, within the Cenozoic post-collision regime in Tibet and adjourning areas, and within the Paleozoic subduction – collision – post- collision regime in Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia. The long mining history in China is reflected by the cover of this volume which shows a picture of mining potash salt in ca. 1,200 year old incorporated in a book of “Tian-Gong-Kai-Wu” published in Ming Dynasty (368 years old), and the old Chi- nese character of “ore”, and the old Chinese character of “ore”. Mining has histori- cally played a significant role in the development of both China and many of its neighboring countries. With this in mind, we have arranged 14 sessions focusing on a diversity of relevant topics that include 1) tectonics, lithospheric, and mantle con- trols on global metallogenic provinces and giant ore deposits; 2) basin evolution: base and precious metal mineralization in sediments; 3) uranium deposits: metallogeny and exploration; 4) magmas and base-metal ore deposits; 5) epigenetic gold systems; VI Preface 6) submarine ore systems and ancient analogues: global comparisons of VMS (spon- sored by IGCP-502); 7) understanding ore systems through precise geochemistry, isotope tracing and microgeochemistry; 8) general economic geology; 9) Mesozoic to recent geodynamic and metallogeny of eastern Asia; 10) metallogeny of the Tethys- Himalayan orogen; 11) geodynamics and metallogeny of the Altaid orogen (spon- sored by both IAGOD and IGCP-473); 12) metallogeny of the Au-Ag-Se-Te mineral- ized systems (sponsored by both IAGOD and IGCP-486); 13) conceptual targeting of mineral deposits; and 14) exploration, discovery, and mine developments in China (sponsored by SEG). Four short courses and workshops will be held prior to the meeting, i.e. 1) “geochemical mapping – regional national and global”; 2) “metallogeny: current theory and exploration models”; 3) “gold deposits: new development and exploration” (sponsored by SEG), and 4) “metallogeny of intrusion-related gold de- posits in China and adjacent countries”. Another short course on magmatic sulfide deposits (“geology, geochemistry and exploration” will be offered following the meet- ing. Moreover, a total of 15 pre- and post-meeting field excursions have been orga- nized. These field trips will provide the participants with unique opportunities to visit metallogenic provinces and important deposits in China, Mongolia, Japan, New Zealand, and Iran. The response to our invitation to meet in Beijing has been exceptional, with over 450 extended abstracts submitted by authors from 39 countries. Following review and editing of all submissions by ourselves and a panel of dedicated reviewers (cf. complete list of reviewers), 400 revised submissions were accepted and are included in this volume. These papers present a diverse and comprehensive snapshot of glo- st bal mineral resources research and exploration at the beginning of the 21 century. On behalf of the Organizing Committee, we wish to express our sincere gratitude for the joint sponsorship of the following organizations: China University of Geo- sciences (Beijing); Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China; China Society of Geology; Society of Economic Geologists (SEG); International Association on the Genesis of Ore Deposits (IAGOD); Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; and State Key Lab for Mineral Deposit Research, Nanjing University. More than sixty students from around the world and ten professionals from developing countries have received financial grants to assist their participation in the meeting. This was made possible by generous financial donations from 17 mining and exploration companies (Anglo American; Anglogold Ashanti China; BHP Billiton Word Exploration; De Beers; Gold- fields Australia; Ivanhoe Mines; Newmont Mining; Oxiana Resources; Placer Dome Exploration; Rio Tinto London; Sino-Oz; Sino Gold; Silvercorp Metals Inc; SRK Con- sulting; Teck Cominco; Garrison International) and the Specialist Group in Economic Geology of the Geological Society of Australia. We are extremely grateful to all co-convenors involved in organizing the scientific sessions and for their editing of numerous papers with patience, tolerance and dedi- cation. We also wish to thank the Organizing Committee for their enthusiasm and hard work that made this meeting possible and ensured its international recogni- th tion. We are confident this conference will be a milestone in the 40 anniversary year th of our SGA and extend a warm welcome to all participants of the 8 Biennial SGA Meeting. Beijing, August 2005 Jingwen Mao, Frank Bierlein Contents Session 1 Tectonics, lithospheric, and deep mantle controls on global metallogenic provinces and giant ore deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Chapter 1-1 Global tectonic settings and deep mantle control on Hg and Au-Hg deposits . . . . . . 3 A.S. Borisenko · A.A. Obolenskiy · E.A. Naumov Chapter 1-2 Upper mantle composition: Tools for smarter diamond exploration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 William L. Griffin · Suzanne Y. O’Reilly Chapter 1-3 Tectonic and lithospheric controls on the heterogeneous temporal distribution of mineral deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 D.I. Groves · R.M. Vielreicher · R.J. Goldfarb · J.M.A. Hronsky · K.C. Condie Chapter 1-4 Tectonic controls on the endowment of Archean cratons in VHMS deposits: Evidence from Pb and Nd isotopes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 David L. Huston · David C. Champion · Kevin F. Cassidy Chapter 1-5 Neoproterozoic and Early Palaeozoic metallogenies in the Dinarides, South Tisia, Pelagonides and Serbo-Macedonian Mass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Ivan Jurkovic Chapter 1-6 Mantle control for a giant Neoproterozoic epithermal silver deposit: Imiter (Morocco) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Gilles Levresse · Alain Cheilletz · Dominique Gasquet · Moulay Rachid Azizi-Samir Chapter 1-7 Formation of giant Ni-Cu sulfide deposits in dynamic magma conduits . . . . . . . . . . . 27 C. Li · E.M. Ripley Chapter 1-8 Synchronous vertical and horizontal tectonism during the late stage of Archean cratonization: An important process in gold mineralization? . . . . . . . . . . 29 Shoufa Lin · Andrew Parmenter · Jen Parks Chapter 1-9 Characteristics of isotope geochemistry of deep mantle constraints on metallization in alkali-enriched porphyry systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Liu Xianfan · Lu Qiuxia · Long Xunrong · Tao Zhuan · Song Xiangfeng Chapter 1-10 The formation of a mantle-branch structure in western Shandong and its constraints on gold mineralization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Shuyin Niu · Aiqun Sun · Huabin Hu · Baode Wang · Chuanshi Xu · Jingwen Mao Chapter 1-11 The evolution of lithospheric domains: A new framework to enhance mineral exploration targeting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Suzanne Y. O’Reilly · Jon Hronsky · William L. Griffin · Graham Begg Chapter 1-12 Geodynamic considerations of Uralian metallogeny . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Victor N. Puchkov Chapter 1-13 Magmatic Cu-Ni-PGE mineralization at a convergent plate boundary: Preliminary mineralogic and isotopic studies of the Duke Island Complex, Alaska . . . 49 E.M. Ripley · C. Li · J. Thakurta Chapter 1-14 The tectonics and metallogeny of the Precambrian of the Aldan-Stanovoy Shield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 A.P. Smelov · V.F. Timofeev VIII Contents Chapter 1-15 New classification of magmatic sulphide deposits in China and metallogenesis related to small intrusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Tang Zhongli · Yan Haiqing · Jiao Jiangang · Li Xiaohu Chapter 1-16 Geodynamic controls on giant metallogenic provinces: Insights from gold provinces in southeast Australia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 I.M.A. Vos · F.P. Bierlein · P.S. Heithersay · G.S. Lister Chapter 1-17 Mineral systems, hydridic fluids, the Earth’s core, mass extinction events and related phenomena . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 John L. Walshe · Bruce Hobbs · Alison Ord · Klaus Regenauer-Lieb · Andy Barnicoat Chapter 1-18 Lead isotopic composition of rutiles from the Chinese continental scientific drill (CCSD) hole and its genetic significance for the superlarge rutile deposit in Maobei, Jiangsu Province . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Wang Denghong · Li Huaqin · Chen Yuchuan · Xu Jue · Yu Jinjie · Chen Zhenyu Wang Ping’an Chapter 1-19 Modes of occurrence of H in mantle-derived rocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 2 M.J. Zhang · P.Q. Hu · P. Zheng · X.B. Wang · L.W. Li Chapter 1-20 Controls of magmatism and hydrothermal activities on mineralization in the Emeishan flood basalt Province, SW China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Zhu Bing-Quan · Zhang Zheng-wei · Hu Yao-Guo Session 2 Basin evolution: base and precious metal mineralization in sediments . . . . . . . 81 Chapter 2-1 Iron transport in redbeds during the genesis of sediment-hosted stratiform copper deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 A.C. Brown Chapter 2-2 Application of scanned digital imagery to ore texture interpretation at the Century zinc deposit, NW Queensland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Lucy H. Chapman · Patrick J. Williams · Rod S. Hill · Kevin L. Blake Chapter 2-3 Diagenetic origin of the Luzhou copper deposit, Yunnan Province, China . . . . . . . . . . 91 Wengen Chen · Bin Xia Chapter 2-4 An overpressured fluid system associated with the giant sandstone-hosted Jinding Zn-Pb deposit, western Yunnan, China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Guoxiang Chi · Hairuo Qing · Chunji Xue · Rong Zeng Chapter 2-5 Stratiform Sb and Au mineralizations in the Hercynian Dúrico-Beirã area (North Portugal) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Helena Couto · Frederico Sodré Borges Chapter 2-6 Origins of Au-Pt-Pd-bearing Ni-Mo-As-(Zn) deposits hosted by Chinese black shales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Raymond Coveney · Jan Pasava Chapter 2-7 A scale-integrated structural analysis of the Mount Isa Zn-Pb-Ag deposit and implications for genesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Toby P. Davis Chapter 2-8 Fluid system and ore-forming dynamics of the Yuebei Basin, China . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 Jun Deng · Liqing Yang · Xueming Chen · Qingfei Wang · Yan Liu Chapter 2-9 Synthesis and structure of single-crystal marcasite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Milan Drábek · Milan Rieder Chapter 2-10 Lower cambrian metallogenesis of south China: Interplay between diverse basinal hydrothermal fluids and marine chemistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 Poul Emsbo · Albert H. Hofstra · Craig A. Johnson · Alan Koenig Richard Grauch · Xing-chun Zhang · Rui-zhong Hu · Wen-chao Su · Dao-hui Pi Chapter 2-11 Early-diagenetic sulphides in sediment-hosted deposits: A textural and geochemical study from an unmetamorphosed QPC gold placer, Belle-Brook, New Zealand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 D.M. Falconer · D. Craw · K. Faure · L. Lawrance Contents IX Chapter 2-12 Geochemistry and provenance of clastic metasedimentary host rocks of the Rosh Pinah Zn-Pb-Ag(-Cu-Au) deposit, Southern Namibia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Christoph D.K. Gauert Chapter 2-13 Wernecke breccia, Canada: A large-scale Proterozoic IOCG system related to basin evolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Julie A. Hunt · Timothy Baker · David Gillen · Derek J. Thorkelson Chapter 2-14 Use of petrophysical characterisation techniques in receptivity definition for carbonate-hosted MVT deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Kip Jeffrey Chapter 2-15 Geological and economic conditions of the Gar iron ore deposit development (Amur region, Russia) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 V.V. Kichanova · V.D. Kichanov Chapter 2-16 Palaeofluid flow in siliciclastic Lower Carboniferous rocks: Evidence from stable isotopes and fluid inclusions, Rhenohercynian Zone, Czech Republic . . . . . 137 Jan Kucera · Klára Kucerová-Charvátová · Phillipe Muchez · Walter Prochaska Chapter 2-17 Origin and significance of calcite-marcasite-pyrite mineralisation in siliciclastic Lower Carboniferous rocks, eastern margin of the Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic . . . . . 141 Klára Kucerová-Charvátová · Jan Kucera · Zdenek Dolnícek Chapter 2-18 The distribution of SEDEX Pb-Zn deposits through Earth history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 D. Leach · E. Marsh · D. Bradley · S. Gardoll · D. Huston Chapter 2-19 Epigenetic hydrothermal features of the Emeishan basalt copper mineralization in NE Yunnan, SW China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Houmin Li · Jingwen Mao · Yuchuan Chen · Denghong Wang Changqing Zhang · Hong Xu Chapter 2-20 Geologic characteristics and ore-controls of the Fenghuoshan copper ore deposit, Qinghai province, China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Li Wenming · Song Zhongbao · Liou Zhiyong · Li Changan · Li Zhucang · Li Hongpu Chapter 2-21 Geological and geochemical characteristics of the Changba and Dengjiashan Pb-Zn deposits in the Qinling orogenic belt, China . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 Guoliang Ma · Georges Beaudoin Chapter 2-22 Pyrite trace element halos to northern Australian sediment-hosted Zn-Pb-Ag deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 Rodney C. Maier · Peter J. McGoldrick Chapter 2-23 Darhand copper occurrence: An example of Michigan-type native copper deposits in central Iran . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Nima Nezafati · Morteza Momenzadeh · Ernst Pernicka Chapter 2-24 Rare metal sequestration and mobility in mineralized black shales from the Zunyi region, South China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 B. Orberger · C. Wagner · A. Vymazalová · J. Pašava · B. Kˇríbek · J.-P. Gallien Chapter 2-25 Origin of the Nchanga copper-cobalt deposits of the Zambian Copperbelt . . . . . . 171 Stephen Roberts · Ross McGowan · Adrian Boyce Chapter 2-26 Alpine type Pb-Zn-deposits (APT) hosted by Triassic carbonates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 Erich Schroll Chapter 2-27 Generation of hydrocarbons: Mechanism of reaction, geologic and experimental evidence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 N.G. Stenina · A.K. Gutakovskii · L.M. Plyasova Chapter 2-28 N -Ar-He tracing systematics of ore-forming fluids: A case study from the 2 Songxi large-scale Ag(Sb) deposit, eastern Guangdong Province, China . . . . . . . . . 183 Sun Xiaoming · Xu Li · Xue Ting · Chen Binghui · Sun Kai · David I. Norman Chapter 2-29 Geochemistry and gold content of the Triassic cabonaceous cherts of the Sikhote-Alin, Russia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 Yu.G. Volokhin · A.I. Khanchuk · V.V. Ivanov · V.T. Kazachenko · V.V. Sattarova Chapter 2-30 Genesis of PGE-polymetallic deposits in lower Cambrian black rock series, southern China: Evidence from fluid inclusion and inert gas isotopic studies . . . . 191 Wang Min · Sun Xiaoming · Ma Mingyang

See more

The list of books you might like

Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.