MIND IN ARCHITECTURE 10318_000.indd 1 4/10/15 1:16 PM 10318_000.indd 2 4/10/15 1:16 PM MIND IN ARCHITECTURE NEUROSCIENCE, EMBODIMENT, AND THE FUTURE OF DESIGN edited by Sarah Robinson and Juhani Pallasmaa The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England 10318_000.indd 3 4/10/15 1:16 PM © 2015 Massachusetts Institute of Technology All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the publisher. MIT Press books may be purchased at special quantity discounts for business or sales promotional use. For information, please email [email protected]. This book was set in Frutiger and Sabon by the MIT Press. Printed and bound in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Minding Design (Symposium) (2012 : Scottsdale, Ariz.) Mind in architecture : neuroscience, embodiment, and the future of design / edited by Sarah Robinson and Juhani Pallasmaa. pages cm “This book has its origins at the Minding Design symposium that took place at Taliesin West in November 2012, an event sponsored by the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation and Taliesin, the Frank Lloyd Wright School of Architecture.” Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-262-02887-5 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Neurosciences in architecture—Congresses. 2. Architecture—Human factors—Congresses. 3. Archi- tectural design—Psychological aspects— Congresses. I. Robinson, Sarah (Architect), editor. II. Pallasmaa, Juhani, editor. III. Title. NA2543.N48M56 2012 720.1'05—dc23 2014034234 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 10318_000.indd 4 4/10/15 1:16 PM CONTENTS 10318_000.indd 5 4/10/15 1:16 PM ACKNOWLEDGMENTS IX INTRODUCTION: SURVIVAL THROUGH DESIGN 1 Sarah Robinson 1 “KNOW THYSELF”: OR WHAT DESIGNERS CAN LEARN FROM THE CONTEMPORARY BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 9 Harry Francis Mallgrave 2 THE EMBODIED MEANING OF ARCHITECTURE 33 Mark L. Johnson 3 BODY, MIND, AND IMAGINATION: THE MENTAL ESSENCE OF ARCHITECTURE 51 Juhani Pallasmaa 4 TOWARD A NEUROSCIENCE OF THE DESIGN PROCESS 75 Michael Arbib 5 TENDING TO THE WORLD 99 Iain McGilchrist 6 ARCHITECTURE AND NEUROSCIENCE: A DOUBLE HELIX 123 John Paul Eberhard 10318_000.indd 6 4/10/15 1:16 PM 7 NESTED BODIES 137 Sarah Robinson 8 EMBODIED SIMULATION, AESTHETICS, AND ARCHITECTURE: AN EXPERIMENTAL AESTHETIC APPROACH 161 Vittorio Gallese and Alessandro Gattara 9 FROM INTUITION TO IMMERSION: ARCHITECTURE AND NEUROSCIENCE 181 Melissa Farling 10 NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE 197 Thomas D. Albright 11 MOOD AND MEANING IN ARCHITECTURE 219 Alberto Pérez-Gómez CONTRIBUTORS 237 FIGURE CREDITS 241 INDEX 245 10318_000.indd 7 4/10/15 1:16 PM 10318_000.indd 8 4/10/15 1:16 PM ACKNOWLEDGMENTS To write and edit this book was to feel oneself part of an evolutionary process. The knowledge brought to us by the cognitive and neurosciences is developing so rapidly, and the implications of this research are so far-reaching, that one is nowadays in a con- stant state of revision. Nothing here would have been possible without the generosity and curiosity of our fine cast of contributors—it is to them that we owe our greatest debt. This book has its origins at the “Minding Design” symposium that took place at Taliesin West in November 2012, an event sponsored by Taliesin, the Frank Lloyd Wright School of Architecture. Taliesin has continued to support the evolution of the dialogue that was opened there by supporting the production of this book. We wish to thank them and to acknowledge Maura Grogan, Susan Jacobs Lockhart, David Mohney, and Victor Sidy, in particular, for championing our project when it was but a glimmer in the eye. Aris Georges’s considerable talent for graphic design is evident on every page of ix 10318_000a.indd 9 4/10/15 1:16 PM