mifano kutoka kuli na vuta n'kuvute omar abdalla adam

214 Pages·2014·0.61 MB·Swahili

KUCHUNGUZA DHAMIRA ZA KIJAMII NA KIUTAMADUNI KATIKA
RIWAYA YA KISWAHILI: MIFANO KUTOKA KULI NA VUTA N’KUVUTE

OMAR ABDALLA ADAM

TASINIFU ILIYOWASILISHWA KWA AJILI YA KUTIMIZA SHARTI
PEKEE LA KUTUNUKIWA DIGRII YA UZAMIVU (PH.D KISWAHILI) YA
CHUO KIKUU HURIA CHA TANZANIA
2014
UTHIBITISHI

Mimi Profesa T.S.Y.M. Sengo, ninathibitisha kuwa nimesoma tasinifu hii iitwayo
Kuchunguza Dhamira za Kijamii na Kiutamaduni katika Riwaya ya Kiswahili:
Mifano Kutoka Kuli na Vuta N’kuvute, na ninapendekeza ikubaliwe na Chuo Kikuu
Huria Cha Tanzania kwa ajili ya kutimiza sharti pekee la kutunukiwa Digrii ya
Uzamivu (PhD) ya Kiswahili ya Chuo Kikuu Huria Cha Tanzania.

………………………………………………………………….
Sheikh, Profesa, Daktari, T.S.Y.M. SENGO
(Msimamizi)

…………………………………………..
Tarehe
i i

HAKIMILIKI

Hairuhusiwi kuiga au kunakili kwa namna yoyote sehemu yoyote ile ya tasinifu hii
kwa njia yoyote kama vile, kielektroniki, kurudufu nakala, kurekodi au njia yoyote
nyingine bila ya idhini ya mwandishi au Chuo Kikuu Huria cha Tanzania kwa niaba.
ii i

TAMKO

Mimi, Omar Abdalla Adam, nathibitisha kuwa tasinifu hii ni kazi yangu halisi na
haijawahi kuwasilishwa katika Chuo Kikuu kingine chochote kwa ajili ya
kutunukiwa shahada kama hii au nyingine yoyote.

……………………………………………..
Saini

……………………………………………..
Tarehe
iv

TABARUKU

Ninapenda Kuitabaruku kazi hii kwa Wazazi wangu, Mke wangu na Mtoto wetu.
v

SHUKURANI

Kazi hii ya utafiti ni matokeo ya mchango na ushirikiano mkubwa baina yangu na
watu wengine, wakiwemo walimu wangu. Kwa kuwa sio rahisi kuandika kwa kina
mchango wa kila aliyenisaidia kuikamilisha kazi hii, wafuatao wanastahiki shukrani
za kipekee. Kwanza napenda kumshukuru Mwenyezi Mungu kwa kunijalia uhai,
uzima, nguvu na fahamu katika kipindi chote cha masomo yangu.

Pili, napenda kutoa shukurani zangu za dhati kwa msimamizi wangu wa tasinifu hii,
Sheikh, Profesa, Daktari, T.S.Y.M Sengo kwa kuniongoza vyema katika kila hatua
ya utafiti huu. Hakusita wala kuchoka kunishauri na kuirekebisha kazi hii katika
hatua zote mpaka ilipokamilika. Msaada wake hauwezi kukisiwa wala kulipwa.
Ninachoweza kusema ni kutoa asante sana Profesa Sengo, Mwenyezi Mungu
Akubariki na Akujalie afya njema na maisha marefu. Aaamini, Aaamini, Aaamini.

Tatu, napenda kutoa shukurani zangu za dhati kwa walimu wengine wa Chuo Kikuu
Huria Cha Tanzania kwa msaada mkubwa walionipatia katika kipindi chote cha
masomo yangu. Walimu hao ni Profesa, Emmanuel Mbogo, Profesa H. Rwegoshora,
Dkt. Peter Lipembe. Dkt. Anna Kishe, Dkt. Hanna Simpasa, Dkt. Zelda Elisifa na
Mohamed Omary.
v i

IKISIRI

Riwaya za Kuli na Vuta N’kuvute zimepata umaarufu na kuwa riwaya nzuri na imara
za mtunzi Shafi Adam Shafi. Utafiti huu ulifanywa kwa nia kuu ya kuchunguza
dhamira za kijamii na kiutamaduni zinazojitokeza katika riwaya hizo mbili (Kuli na
Vuta N’kuvute). Katika kutimiza nia hii, tulikusanya data kwa kutumia mbinu za
maktabani, mahojiano ya ana kwa ana kufanya na uchambuzi wa kimaudhui. Data
zilizokusanywa zilichambuliwa kwa kutumia mbinu za mkabala wa kimaelezo na ule
wa kidhamira. Nadharia za Simiotiki, Saikolojia Changanuzi na dhima na kazi, ndizo
zilizotumika katika kuhakiki riwaya hizo mbili. Matokeo ya utafiti yanaonesha
kwamba, dhamira zinazojitokeza zaidi katika riwaya hizo mbili ni matabaka katika
jamii, ndoa za kulazimishwa, mapenzi na ukarimu katika riwaya ya Vuta N’kuvute.
Katika Kuli, dhamira zinazojitokeza zaidi ni busara na hekima, umuhimu wa elimu,
umasikini, utamaduni na mabadiliko yake, ukombozi katika jamii na masuala ya
uzazi. Dhamira hizo zimesheheni uhalisia katika maisha ya sasa ya jamii ya leo. Pia
matokeo ya utafiti yanaonesha kwamba, mbinu za kisanaa zinazotumiwa na mtunzi
katika uwasilishaji wake wa dhamira ni upambaji wa wahusika, usimulizi,
kuingiliana kwa tanzu, tashibiha, misemo, takriri, taswira, motifu na matumizi ya
barua.
vi i

YALIYOMO

UTHIBITISHI ......................................................................................................... i
HAKIMILIKI ........................................................................................................ ii
TAMKO ................................................................................................................. iii
TABARUKU .......................................................................................................... iv
SHUKURANI ......................................................................................................... v
IKISIRI ................................................................................................................. vi
VIAMBATANISHO ............................................................................................. xii
SURA YA KWANZA ............................................................................................. 1
1.0 UTANGULIZI ............................................................................................... 1
1.1 Utangulizi ....................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Usuli wa Tatizo la Utafiti ................................................................................ 1
1.3 Tatizo la Utafiti ............................................................................................... 6
1.4 Lengo la Jumla................................................................................................ 7
1.4.1 Malengo Mahususi .......................................................................................... 7
1.4.2 Maswali ya Utafiti .......................................................................................... 8
1.5 Umuhimu wa Utafiti ....................................................................................... 8
1.6 Mipaka ya Utafiti ............................................................................................ 9
1.7 Changamoto za Utafiti .................................................................................... 9
1.7.1 Utatuzi wa Changamoto .................................................................................10
1.8 Mpangilo wa Tasinifu ....................................................................................10
1.9 Hitimisho .......................................................................................................11
SURA YA PILI .....................................................................................................12
2.0 MAPITIO YA KAZI TANGULIZI NA MKABALA
vi ii

WA KINADHARIA .....................................................................................12
2.1 Utangulizi ......................................................................................................12
2.2 Maana ya Riwaya ..........................................................................................12
2.3 Historia na Chimbuko la Riwaya ya Kiswahili ...............................................17
2.4 Dhamira katika Riwaya ya au kwa Kiswahili .................................................19
2.5 Muhtasari .......................................................................................................35
2.6 Fani katika Riwaya ya Kiswahili ....................................................................36
2.6.1 Utangulizi ......................................................................................................36
2.6.2 Vipengele vya Kifani .....................................................................................36
2.7 Muhtasari .......................................................................................................48
2.8 Kazi Tangulizi Juu ya Riwaya za Shafi Adam Shafi .......................................48
2.9 Mkabala wa Kinadhari ...................................................................................55
2.9.1 Nadharia ya Simiotiki ....................................................................................55
2.9.2 Nadharia ya Dhima na Kazi ...........................................................................57
2.9.3 Nadharia ya Saikolojia Changanuzi ................................................................58
2.10 Muhtasari .......................................................................................................60
SURA YA TATU ...................................................................................................61
3.0 MBINU NA ZANA ZA UTAFITI .............................................................61
3.1 Utangulizi ....................................................................................................61
3.2 Mpango wa Utafiti .......................................................................................61
3.3 Eneo la Utafiti .............................................................................................62
3.4 Aina ya Data Zilizokusanywa ......................................................................62
3.4.1 Data za Msingi ............................................................................................62
3.4.2 Data za Upili ...............................................................................................63
ix

3.5 Watafitiwa ...................................................................................................63
3.6 Ukusanyaji wa Data .....................................................................................64
3.6.1 Uchambuzi wa Nyaraka ...............................................................................64
3.6.2 Mahojiano ya Ana kwa Ana.........................................................................65
3.6.3 Usomaji na Uhakiki wa Riwaya Teule .........................................................66
3.7 Uchambuzi wa Data.....................................................................................66
3.7.1 Mkabala wa Kidhamira ................................................................................67
3.8 Usahihi, Kuaminika na Maadili ya Utafiti ....................................................68
3.8.1 Usahihi wa Data ..........................................................................................68
3.8.2 Kuaminika kwa Data ...................................................................................68
3.9 Maadili ya Utafiti ........................................................................................68
3.10 Hitimisho.....................................................................................................69
SURA YA NNE .....................................................................................................70
4.0 UWASILISHAJI, UCHAMBUZI WA DATA NA MJADALA WA
MATOKEO YA UTAFITI ........................................................................70
4.1 Utangulizi .....................................................................................................70
4.2 Muhtasari wa Riwaya ya Vuta N’kuvute .......................................................71
4.3 Uchambuzi wa Dhamira katika Riwaya ya Vuta N’kuvute.............................71
4.3.1 Matabaka Katika Jamii ................................................................................72
4.3.2 Ndoa ya Kulazimishwa ................................................................................81
4.2.3 Mapenzi ......................................................................................................91
4.3.3.1 Mapenzi ya Bwana Raza kwa Yasmini ........................................................96
4.3.3.2 Mapenzi ya Yasmini kwa Waswahili ......................................................... 102
4.3.3.3 Upendo wa Yasmini kwa Mama Yake ....................................................... 104