Microprocessor Theory and Applications with 68000/68020 and Pentium

590 Pages·2008·24.63 MB·English

by  Mohamed Rafiquzzaman

Microprocessor Theory
and Applications with
68000/68020 and Pentium
M. RAFIQUZZAMAN, Ph.D.
Professor
California State Polytechnic University
Pomona, California
and
President
Rafi Systems, Inc.
WILEY
A JOHNW ILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION
This Page Intentionally Left Blank
Microprocessor Theory
and Applications with
68000/68020 and Pentium
This Page Intentionally Left Blank
Microprocessor Theory
and Applications with
68000/68020 and Pentium
M. RAFIQUZZAMAN, Ph.D.
Professor
California State Polytechnic University
Pomona, California
and
President
Rafi Systems, Inc.
WILEY
A JOHNW ILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION
Copyright 0 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
Published simultaneously in Canada.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by
any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under
Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the
Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center,
Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, [phone], fax [phone], or on the web at
www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions
Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 11 1 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-601 1, fax (201) 748-
6008, or online at http://www.wiley.comlgo/permission.
Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in
preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of
the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a
particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials.
The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a
professional where appropriate. Neither the publisher nor author shall be liable for any loss of profit or any
other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.
For general information on our other products and services or for technical support, please contact our
Customer Care Department within the United States at [phone], outside the United States at (317) 572-
3993 or fax [phone].
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be
available in electronic format. For information about Wiley products, visit our web site at www.wiley.com.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:
Rafiquzzaman, Mohamed.
Microprocessor theory and applications with 68000/68020 and Pentium / M.
Rafiquzzaman.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-470-3803 1-4 (cloth)
1. Motorola 68000 series microprocessors. 2. Pentium (Microprocessor) I.
Title.
QA76XM6895R34 2008
004.1654~22 2008011009
Printed in the United States of America.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
To my wge, Kusum; my son, Tito; and my brothel; Elan
This Page Intentionally Left Blank
CONTENTS
PREFACE XI11
CREDITS XV
1. INTRODUCTION TO MICROPROCESSORS 1
1.1 Explanation of Terms 2
1.2 Microprocessor Data Types 4
1.2.1 Unsigned and Signed Binary Numbers 5
1.2.2 ASCII and EBCDIC Codes 7
1.2.3 Unpacked and Packed Binary-Coded-Decimal Numbers 7
1.2.4 Floating-point Numbers 8
1.3 Evolution of the Microprocessor 9
1.4 Typical Features of 32-bit and 64-bit Microprocessors 15
1.5 Microprocessor-based System Design Concepts 16
1.6 Typical Microprocessor Applications 19
1.6.1 A Simple Microprocessor Application 20
1.6.2 Examples of Typical Microprocessor Applications 21
2. MICROCOMPUTER ARCHITECTURE 23
2.1 Basic Blocks of a Microcomputer 23
2.2 Typical Microcomputer Architecture 24
2.2.1 System Bus 24
2.2.2 Clock Signals 25
2.3 Single-Chip Microprocessor 26
2.3.1 Register Section 26
2.3.2 Control Unit 30
2.3.3 Arithmetic-Logic Unit 32
2.3.4 Functional Representations of Simple and Typical Microprocessors 32
2.3.5 Simplified Explanation of Control Unit design 34
2.4 Program Execution by Conventional Microprocessors 38
2.5 Program Execution by typical 32-bit Microprocessors 38
2.5.1 Pipelining 39
2.5.2 Branch Prediction Feature 44
2.6 Scalar and Superscalar Microprocessors 45
2.7 RISC vs. CISC 45
Questions and Problems 47
vii