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Michel de Montaigne - Complete Works_ Essays, Travel Journal, Letters- PDF

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MICHEL • • DE MONTAIGNE T H E C O MPLE TE WO RKS Humanisstk,e ptaiccu,t oeb servoefrh im­ selafn d otherMsI,CH EL DE MONTAIGNE (1533-w9a2s)t hefi rsttou set het erm' essay' tor efetrot hef ormh ep ioneeraendd,h as remaineodn eo fi tmso stf amoupsr acti­ tioneHres .r eflectoend t heg reatth emes ofe xisteinnch ei sm asteralnyd e ngaging writinhgisss, u bjecrtasn ginfrgo m proper conversaatnidog no odr eadintgot, h er ais­ ingo fc hildraenndt hee nduranocfep ain; from solituddees,t intyi,m ea ndc ustom, tot rutcho,n sciousannedsd se,a thH.a ving stootdh et esotft imeh,i ess sacyosn tintuoe influenwcrei tenresa rl5y0 0y earlsa ter. Alsoi ncludiendt hissi ngle-voelduim­e tioonf t hec omplewtoer kasr eM ontaigne's lettearnsd h ist ravejlo urnafla,s cinating recorodfst hee xperienacnedcs o ntempla­ tiontsh ats hapeadn di nfusheids e ssays. Montaigsnpee aksu sat low ayisna p ersonal voicienw hichhi vsi rtuoefts o leranmcoed,­ eratioann,du nderstandairnedg a zzlingly manifest. E V E R Y M A N ' S L I B R A R Y MICHEL DE MONTAIGNE Th, C o p l t e m e e Works EssaTyrsaJ,vo eulr Lneatlt,e rs TranslabtyeD do nalMd. Frame witha nI ntroductbiyoS nt uaHratm pshire E V E R Y M A N ' S L I B R A R Y Alfred A. Knopf New York Toronto 259 THISI SA BORZOIB OOK -· PUitL'l·SHEPBY ALFRED A.K NOPF . - _, TheE ssayosfM ontaigfinres itn cludienEd v erymanL'isbr a1r9y10, Thist ranslaotfit ohneC ompleWtoer ksfi rsitn cludienEd v eryman's Libra2r0y0 3, © 1943b yD onalMd. F rame.1©9 48b yt hBeo ardo fT rusteoefs theL elanSdt anforJdu nioUrn iversCiotpyy.r igrhetn ewe1d9 71, 1976b yD onalMd. F ram©e .19571,9 58 b yt hBeo ardo fT rusteoefs theL elanSdt anforJdu nioUrn iversAiltlry i.g hrtess erved. Reprintaenddp ublisbhyea dr rangement with StanforUdn iversPirteys s. IntroducBtiibolni,o graapnhdCy h,r onoloCgoyp yri©g h2t003 byE verymanL'isb rary TypograpbhyPy e teBr.W ilblerg Allr ighrtess ervuendd eIrn ternatainodnP aaln -AmeriCcoapny right ConventioPnusb.l ishientd h eU niteSdt atbeysA lfredA .Kn opf, ad ivisoifoR na ndomH ouseI,n cN.e,w Yorka,n ds imultaneionu sly Canadbay R andomH ouseo fC anadLai miteTdo,r ontDoi.s tributed byR andomH ouseI,n cN.e,w York ww.w randomhousee.vceormy/m ans Book Design l:ry Barbara de Wilde and Carol Devine Carson Printaendd b oundi nG ermany byG GP MediaP,o ssneck C O N T E N TS Introduction xv Translator's Note XXVll Select Bibliography xxx .. Chronology xxxn ESSAYS With approximate dates of composition To the Reader (1580) 2 BOOK I CHAPTER 1. By diverse means we arrive at the same end (1578-80) . . 3 2. Of sadness (1572-74) 6 3. Our feelings reach out beyond us (1572-74) g 4. How the soul discharges its passions on false objects when the true are wanting (1572-74) 16 5. Whether the governor of a besieged place should go out to parley (1572-74) 18 6. Parley time is dangerous (1572-74) 20 7. That intention is judge of our actions (1572-74) 23 8. Of idleness (1572-74) 24 Of liars (1572-74). . 25 g. 10. Of prompt or slow speech (1572-74) 30 11. Of prognostications (1572-74) 32 12. Of constancy (1572-74) . . 35 13. Ceremony of interviews between kings (1572-74) 38 14. That the taste of good and evil depends in large part on the opinion we have of them (1572-74) 39 15. One is punished for defending a place obstinately without reason (1572-74) 56 16. Of the punishment of cowardice (1572-74) 57 vu.. MONTAI GNE CHAPTER 17. A trait of certain �mbassadors (1572-74) 59 - 18. Of fear (�512�74). ;-. 62 19. That our happiness must not be judged until after our death (1572-74) 64 20. That to philosophize is to learn to die (1572-74) 67 21. Of the power of the imagination (1572-74) 82 22. One man's profit is another man's harm (1572-80) . . 92 23. Of custom, and not easily changing an accepted law (1572-74) . . 93 24. Various outcomes of the same plan (1572-80) 109 25. Of pedantry (1572-78) 118 26. Of the education of children (1579-80). . 129 27. It is folly to measure the true and false by our own capacity (1572-74) . . 160 28. Of friendship (1572-76, 1578-80) 164 29. Twenty-nine sonnets of Etienne de La Boetie (1578-80) . . 176 30. Of moderation (1572-80) 177 31. Of cannibals (1578-80) . . 182 32. We should meddle soberly with judging divine ordinances (1572-74) 194 33. To flee from sensual pleasures at the price of life (1572-74) 196 34. Fortune is often met in the path of reason (1572-74) . . 197 35. Of a lack in our administrations (1572-74) 200 36. Of the custom of wearing clothes (1572-74) 201 37. Of Cato the Younger (1572-74) . . 205 38. How we cry and laugh for the same thing (1572-74) . . 208 39. Of solitude (1572-74) 211 40. A consideration upon Cicero (1572-74) . . 222 41. Of not communicating one's glory (1572-74) 227 42. Of the inequality that is between us (1572-74) . . 229 43. Of sumptuary laws (1572-74) 238 44. Of sleep (1572-74) 240 45. Of the Jattle of Dreux (1572-74) 242 Vlll C ON TEN T S • CHAPTER 46. Of names (1572-74) 243 47. Of the uncertainty of our judgment (1572-::-74) 248 48. Of war horses (1572-74) . . 254 49. Of ancient customs (1572-80) 261 50. Of Democritus and Heraclitus (1572-80) 266 51. Of the vanity of words (1572-80) 269 52. Of the parsimony of the ancients (1572-80) 271 53. Of a saying of Caesar's (1572-80) 272 54. Of vain subtleties (1572-80) 273 55. Of smells (1572-80) 276 56. Of prayers (1572-80) 278 57. Of age (1572-80) . . 287 BOOK II 1. Of the inconsistency of our actions (1572-74) 290 2. Of drunkenness (1573-74) 296 3. A custom of the island of Cea (1573-74) 305 4. Let business wait till tomorrow (1573-74) 318 5. Of conscience (1573-74) . . 320 6. Of practice (1573-74) 324 7. Of honorary awards (1578-80) 334 8. Of the affection of fathers for their children (1578-80) . . 337 9. Of the arms of the Parthians (1578-80). . 356 10. Of books (1578-80) 359 11. Of cruelty (1578-80) 372 12. Apology for Raymond Sebond (1575-76, 1578-80) . . 386 Sebond and his book, 387 First objection to Sebond: Defense, 389 First objection to Sebond: Conclusion, 396 Second objection to Sebond: The objectors, 397 Second objection to Sebond: Defense, 398 Counterattack: The vanity of man and of man's knowledge without God, 398 Man is no better than the animals, 401 Man's knowledge cannot make him happy, 435 Man's knowledge cannot make him good, 446 lX

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