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Mexican York: Transnational Lives of New Immigrants PDF

388 Pages·2005·2.19 MB·English
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praise for robert courtney smith’s MEXICAN NEW YORK “Studying local processes over an extended period of time has allowed Smith to make a major theoretical and methodological contribution to our understanding of the migration experience. Smith brilliantly succeeds in detecting as yet unrecognized dynamics in the increasingly complex and multisited character of migration.” saskia sassen, author of Guests and Aliens “Not only is Smith’s research unprecedented in its fieldwork, his analyses are consistently subtle, surprising, and omni-relevant to major sociologi- cal issues. An instant classic, Mexican New York deeply carves a new benchmark for immigration studies.” jack katz, professor of sociology, University of California, Los Angeles “This groundbreaking study provides a compelling multidimensional por- trait of Mexicans in New York. Smith authoritatively examines, in con- siderable detail and with convincing ethnographic evidence, how immi- gration patterns have drastically changed over the last fifteen years, creating a group of ‘transnational migrants.’ This case study of Mexican New Yorkers proves that people can live and function in two worlds at the same time, oftentimes creating a third physical and social space.” francisco lomelí, coeditor of U.S. Latino Literatures and Cultures: Transnational Perspectives Mexican New York The publisher gratefully acknowledges the generous contribution to this book provided by the General Endowment Fund of the University of California Press Foundation. Mexican New York Transnational Lives of New Immigrants robert courtney smith University of California Press berkeley los angeles london University of California Press, one of the most distinguished university presses in the United States, enriches lives around the world by advancing scholarship in the humanities, social sci- ences, and natural sciences. Its activities are supported by the UC Press Foundation and by philanthropic contributions from individuals and institutions. For more information, visit www.ucpress.edu. Unless otherwise noted, all photographs are by the author. Portions of chapter 8 were originally published as Robert C. Smith, “Social Location, Gener- ation and Life Course as Social Processes Shaping Second Generation Transnational Life,” in The Changing Face of Home, ed. Peggy Levitt and Mary C. Waters, 145–68 (New York: Rus- sell Sage Foundation, 2002). University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles, California University of California Press, Ltd. London, England © 2006 by The Regents of the University of California Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Smith, Robert C., 1964–. Mexican New York : transnational lives of new immigrants / Robert Courtney Smith. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 0-520-24412-5 (cloth : alk. paper).—isbn 0-520-24413-3 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Mexican Americans—New York (State)—New York—Social condi- tions. 2. Immigrants—New York (State)—New York—Social condi- tions. 3. Transnationalism. 4. United States—Relations—Mexico. 5. Mexico—Relations—United States. 6. New York (N.Y.)—Emigration and immigration. 7. Puebla (Mexico : State)—Emigration and immigra- tion. 8. New York (N.Y.)—Ethnic relations. I. Title. F128.9.M5S64 2006 304.8’7471072’090511—dc22 2005001616 Manufactured in the United States of America 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This book is printed on New Leaf EcoBook 60, containing 60% post- consumer waste, processed chlorine free; 30% de-inked recycled fiber, el- emental chlorine free; and 10% fsc-certified virgin fiber, totally chlorine free. EcoBook 60 is acid-free and meets the minimum requirements of ansi/astm d5634-01 (Permanence of Paper). I Contents List of Illustrations vii Acknowledgments ix 1. transnational life in ethnographic perspective 1 2. dual contexts for transnational life 18 3. “los ausentes siempre presentes”: making a local-level transnational political community 53 4. the defeat of don victorio: transnationalization, democratization, and political change 76 5. gender strategies, settlement, and transnational life in the first generation 94 6. “in ticuani, he goes crazy”: the second generation renegotiates gender 123 7. “padre jesús, protect me”: adolescence, religion, and social location 147 8. “i’ll go back next year”: transnational life across the life course 186 9. defending your name: the roots and transnationalization of mexican gangs 207 10. returning to a changed ticuani 242 conclusions and recommendations 277 coda: the mexican educational foundation of new york 293 Notes 297 Bibliography 317 Methodological Appendix 351 Index 359 Illustrations figures 1. Ticuani, circa 1920 and 2004 40 2. Old one-story stone house next to two-story house, Ticuani, 2004 51 3. New housing construction, Ticuani, 2000 51 4. Ticuanenses gather for ceremony inaugurating potable water project, 1994 67 5–6. Icon of Padre Jesús, 2000 150 7. Antorcha runners, Ticuani, 2000 152 8. New York Antorcha, 2004 155 9. Runners on Manhattan Bridge, New York Antorcha, 2004 155 10. Ticuani youth in Dance of the Tecuanis, 2004 156 11. Informant for this book and her son at Feast of Padre Jesús, New York, 2004 156 12. Replica of Padre Jesús statue in a Brooklyn church, 2005 157 13. Procession for Padre Jesús, Ticuani, 2000 180 14. Young men carrying icon of Padre Jesús, Ticuani, 2000 183 15. Luxurious two-story house, Ticuani, 2004 200 16. Gang graffiti, Ticuani, 2004 234 17. Gang names, Ticuani, 2000 234 18. Ticuani’s zocalo, 2004 254 vii

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