Methods and Reagents for Green Chemistry.. An Introduction PDF
Preview Methods and Reagents for Green Chemistry.. An Introduction
METHODS AND REAGENTS FOR GREEN CHEMISTRY An Introduction Edited by PIETRO TUNDO ALVISE PEROSA FULVIO ZECCHINI The Ca’ Foscari Universityof Venice andNational Interuniversity Consortium, “Chemistry for the Environment” (INCA), Venice, Italy METHODS AND REAGENTS FOR GREEN CHEMISTRY METHODS AND REAGENTS FOR GREEN CHEMISTRY An Introduction Edited by PIETRO TUNDO ALVISE PEROSA FULVIO ZECCHINI The Ca’ Foscari Universityof Venice andNational Interuniversity Consortium, “Chemistry for the Environment” (INCA), Venice, Italy Copyright#2007byJohnWiley&Sons,Inc.Allrightsreserved. PublishedbyJohnWiley&Sons,Inc.,Hoboken,NewJersey PublishedsimultaneouslyinCanada Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinany formorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,scanning,orotherwise, exceptaspermittedunderSection107or108ofthe1976UnitedStatesCopyrightAct,without eitherthepriorwrittenpermissionofthePublisher,orauthorizationthroughpaymentofthe appropriateper-copyfeetotheCopyrightClearanceCenter,Inc.,222RosewoodDrive,Danvers, MA01923,(978)750-8400,fax(978)750-4470,oronthewebatwww.copyright.com. RequeststothePublisherforpermissionshouldbeaddressedtothePermissionsDepartment, JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.,111RiverStreet,Hoboken,NJ07030,(201)748-6011, fax(201)748-6008,oronlineathttp://www.wiley.com/go/permission. LimitofLiability/DisclaimerofWarranty:Whilethepublisherandauthorhaveusedtheirbest effortsinpreparingthisbook,theymakenorepresentationsorwarrantieswithrespectto theaccuracyorcompletenessofthecontentsofthisbookandspecificallydisclaimanyimplied warrantiesofmerchantabilityorfitnessforaparticularpurpose.Nowarrantymaybecreated orextendedbysalesrepresentativesorwrittensalesmaterials.Theadviceandstrategiescontained hereinmaynotbesuitableforyoursituation.Youshouldconsultwithaprofessionalwhere appropriate.Neitherthepublishernorauthorshallbeliableforanylossofprofitorany othercommercialdamages,includingbutnotlimitedtospecial,incidental,consequential, orotherdamages. Forgeneralinformationonourotherproductsandservicesorfortechnicalsupport,please contactourCustomerCareDepartmentwithintheUnitedStatesat(877)762-2974, outsidetheUnitedStatesat(317)572-3993orfax(317)572-4002. Wileyalsopublishesitsbooksinavarietyofelectronicformats.Somecontentthatappearsinprint maynotbeavailableinelectronicformats. FormoreinformationaboutWileyproducts,visit ourwebsiteatwww.wiley.com. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData: Methodsandreagentsforgreenchemistry/editedbyPietroTundo,Alvise Perosa,FulvioZecchini. p.cm. ISBN 978-0-471-75400-8 1. Environmentalchemistry–Industrialapplications 2. Environmentalmanagement 3. Chemicaltestsandreagents. I. Tundo,Pietro,1945-II. Perosa,Alvise,1965-III. Zecchini,Fulvio,1968 TP155.2.E58M482007 6600.286--dc22 2006052558 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To my family, who supportme every day and make my work easier. P.T. The three editors would like tothank Dr. Lara Clemenza, who acted as co-editor of the collection of lectures from the Summer Schoolon Green Chemistry from which thisvolume isderived. We are sure thatthe publication of this book would not have been possible without her precious and much appreciated contribution. CONTENTS FOREWORD ix PREFACE xi CONTRIBUTORS xv PART1 GREEN REAGENTS 1 1 The Four-Component Reaction and Other Multicomponent Reactions of the Isocyanides 3 IvarUgiandBirgitWerner 2 Carbohydrates as Renewable Raw Materials: A Major Challenge of Green Chemistry 23 FriederW.Lichtenthaler 3 Photoinitiated Synthesis: A Useful Perspective in Green Chemistry 65 AngeloAlbini 4 DimethylCarbonate as aGreen Reagent 77 PietroTundoandMaurizioSelva vii viii CONTENTS PART 2 ALTERNATIVE REACTION CONDITIONS 103 5 Ionic Liquids:“Designer” Solventsfor Green Chemistry 105 NataliaV.PlechkovaandKennethR.Seddon 6 Supported Liquid-Phase Systems in Transition Metal Catalysis 131 AlvisePerosaandSergeiZinovyev 7 Organic Chemistry in Water: Greenand Fast 159 JanB.F.N.Engberts 8 Formation, Mechanisms, and Minimization of Chlorinated Micropollutants (Dioxins) Formed in Technical Incineration Processes 171 DieterLenoir,ErnstAntonFeicht,MarchelaPandelova,and Karl-WernerSchramm PART 3 GREENCATALYSIS AND BIOCATALYSIS 189 9 Green Chemistry:Catalysis and Waste Minimization 191 RogerA.Sheldon 10 Seamless Chemistry for Sustainability 201 JohanThoenandJeanLucGuillaume 11 Enantioselective Metal Catalyzed Oxidation Processes 219 DavidStC.Black 12 Zeolite Catalysts for Cleaner Technologies 231 MichelGuisnet 13 Acid and Superacid Solid Materials as Noncontaminant Alternative Catalysts in Refining 251 Jose´ M.Lo´pezNieto 14 The Oxidation of Isobutane to Methacrylic Acid:An Alternative Technology for MMA Production 265 NicolaBallarini,FabrizioCavani,He´le`neDegrand,EricEtienne, AnnePigamo,FerruccioTrifiro`,andJ.L.Dubois 15 Biocatalysis for Industrial Green Chemistry 281 ZhiLi,MartinHeld,SvenPanke,AndrewSchmid,RenataMathys, andBernardWitholt INDEX 299
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