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Indian Philosophy A Collection ofReadings SeriesEditor Roy W. Perrett Massey University Series Contents 1. Epistemology 2. Logic and Philosophy ofLanguage 3. Metaphysics 4. Philosophy ofReligion 5. Theory ofValue Metaphysics Edited with introductions by Roy W. Perrett Massey University Routledge Taylor& FrancisGroup 270MadisonAvenue NewYork,NY 10016 Routledge Taylor& FrancisGroup 2ParkSquare MiltonPark,Abingdon OxonOXI44RN Garlandisanimprintof /heTaylor& FrancisGroup IntroductionCopyright©2001 Roy W.Perrett. Allrightsreserved.No part ofthis bookmay be reprintedor reproducedorutilizedinany form or byanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans,now knownorhereafterinvented,including photocopyingand recording,orinany informationstorageor retrieval system,withoutpermission ofthe publisher. TheLibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData IndianPhilosophy/editedwith introductionsby Roy W.Perrett. p.cm.-(IndianPhilosophy;3) Includesbibliographicalreferences. ISBN 0-SI53-360S-XCalk.paper) 1. Philosophy,Indic.2.Metaphysics. 1.Perrett,Roy W.II.Series. B130.1632000vol. 3 lSI'.4s-dc21 [110'.954] 00-0062310 5volumesetISBN: 0-8153-33670-1 Volume I:Epistemology 0-SI53-3609-8 Volume2:Logicand PhilosophyofLanguage 0-8153-3610-1 Volume3:Metaphysics 0-8153-3608-X Volume4:PhilosophyofReligion 0-8153-361I-X Volume5:TheoryofValue 0-8153-3612-8 Contents vii Series Preface ix Series Introduction xiii Volume Introduction 1 Ontological Problems in Nyaya. Buddhism and Jainism: AComparative Analysis B.K.Matilal 16 veddntaparibhasa as SystematicReconstruction KarlH.Potter 39 The Nyaya-Vaisesika Theory ofUniversals KisorChakrabarti 59 More Things in Heaven and Earth MarkSiderits 82 Negative Factsand Knowledge of Negative Facts BrendanS.Gillon 104 Mereological Considerationsin Vasubandhu's "Proofof Idealism" (VijiiaptimiitratiisiddhifJ) MatthewKapstein 127 Causality in the Nyaya-Vaisesika School BimalKrishnaMati/al 135 An Ontology of Concrete Connectors KarlH. Potter 145 Dependent Arising and the Emptinessof Emptiness: Why Did Nagarjuna Start with Causation? JayL. Garfield 177 Freedom and Determinism from an Indian Perspective KarlH.Potter 189 Reductionist and NonreductionistTheories of Persons in Indian Buddhist Philosophy JamesDuerlinger 213 Self-Construction in Buddhism DavidBastow vi C ONTENT5 231 Buddhist Reductionism MarkSiderits 255 The MimamsaTheory ofSelf Recognition John A.Taber 279 ITouch What I Saw Arindam Chakrabarti 293 Dehiitmavada or the Body asSoul: Exploration of a Possibility Within Nyaya Thought." PanditBadrinath Shukla 311 An Eccentric Ghost in the Machine: Formal and Quantitative Aspectsof the Samkhya-Yoga Dualism GeraldJamesLarson 327 Mind/ConsciousnessDualism in Sankhya-Yoga Philosophy Paul Schweizer 343 The Self in Advaita Vedanta EliotDeutsch 361 The Concept of the Absolute and its Alternative Forms Krishnachandra Bhattacharya 381 Acknowledgments Series Preface No anthologist succeeds in including everyone's favorites, so a few words about the principlesofselection seemappropriate.Firstly,aswithothervolumesin thisGarland series,priorityhasbeen given tojournalarticles,ratherthan book chapters.However, some essentialbook chaptershavebeen included,and theintroductionstoeach volume include references to significant books. Readers in search of further bibliographical assistanceshouldconsult whatisnowthestandardsource:KarlH.Potter, Bibliography ofIndian Philosophies, 3rd rev.ed. (Delhi:Motilal Banarsidass, 1995), and the on-line updates to it available at the "Indian Philosophy Bibliography" (http:// faculty.washington.edu/kpotter/).Secondly, theemphasisthroughoutison philosophical studiesofIndian philosophy. Consequently,muchexcellenthistoricalandphilological work has been omitted.Thirdly, the desire to make Indian philosophy accessible to interestedWesternphilosophershasmeantnot only thatallthe selectionsareinEnglish, but alsothat most ofthem use a minimal amount of unglossed Sanskrit terminology. Thisrestriction hasprevented theinclusion ofmorework byIndian authors. Finally, I would like to acknowledge gratefully all the good advice and generousassistanceIhavereceivedfrom ChakravarthiRam-Prasad.Mark Siderits.and (most especially) Stephen Phillips. The blame for anyshortcomingsthat may remain rests,ofcourse,solelyupon my own shoulders. Thispageintentionallyleftblank Series Introduction The five volumesofthisseries collect together some ofthe most significant modern contributionsto the study ofIndian philosophy.Indian philosophy is one of the great philosophical traditions of the world. Unfortunately, however, its philosophical riches are not always as readily accessible to Western philosophers as might be desired.The selections in these volumes help to redressthissituationbygiving readerseasyaccessto someofthebest philosophical work in the area, including material that is often difficult to locate. Collectively the selections in these volumesexplore many of the important commonalities and differences between the Indian and Western philosophicaltraditions.Thesesimilaritiesand differencesarephilosophically pregnant. There is enough in common between Indian and Western philosophy to suggest that the philosophers in both traditions are often engaged withsimilarproblemsand henceshouldbeabletocommunicatewith each other. However, there are also sufficient differences between the traditionstosuggestthattheymay havesomenovelperspectivestooffereach other. In choosingthe selections forthisseriespriority hasbeen given to journal articles, rather than book chapters. However, some essential book chaptershave been included,and the introductionsto each volume include referencesto significant books.The emphasisthroughoutison philosophical studiesofIndian philosophy.ThedesiretomakeIndian philosophyaccessible tointerestedWesternphilosophershasmeant not onlythatalltheselections are inEnglish,butalsothatmostofthem useaminimalamount ofunglossed Sanskrit terminology. Volume 1:Epistemologyisconcerned withthe natureandscope of Indian pramana theory, i.e. that part of Indian philosophy concerned with thenatureand sourcesofknowledge.Indian philosophersdeveloped acausal theory ofknowledge and acknowledged the existence ofa number of valid waysofknowing,includingperception,inferenceand testimony.The Indian prarnanatheoriststhusdiscussedmanyissuesthathave alsooccupied Western epistemologists, often offering importantly different perspectives on these

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