Metabolic Interconversion of Enzymes

444 Pages·1972·16.611 MB·German

by  O. Wieland (auth.), O. Wieland, E. Helmreich, H. Holzer (eds.)

6. wissenschaftliche Konferenz
der Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher und Arzte
Rottach-Egern 1971
in Conjunction with the
Second International Symposium
on
Metabolic Interconversion
of
Enzymes
Edited by
0. Wieland E. Helmreich H. Holzer
With 227 Figures
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH 1972
ISBN 978-3-662-37241-8 ISBN 978-3-662-37966-0 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-37966-0
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Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 72-85775.
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1972
Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York in 1972
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1972
Offsetprinting and bookbinding: Julius Beltz, Hemsbach/Bergstr.
Preface
The rapid development and recent advances in this field seemed to justify a further meeting
dealing primarily with protein interconversions and their biological significance rather soon
after the first symposium of this kiild, held under the direction of Professor G. BoNSIGNORE
of Genoa, in Santa Margherita Ligure, Italy, in May 1970. The proceedings of the Second
International Symposium on Metabolic Interconversion of Enzymes, held in Rottach-Egern,
in the Bavarian Alps, from October 27-30, 1971, under the auspices of the "Gesellschaft
Deutscher Naturforscher und Arzte" bear witness to the high quality of the research reports
and the lively discussions which ensued. There are contributions by a number of distinguished
scientists and experts in the field who came from several European countries, Canada, Israel,
Japan, the Soviet Union and the United States in order to participate in this symposium.
We wish to express our sincere gratitude to the speakers for all their efforts.
The main burden of the editorial work was carried by Dr. G. L6FFLER, Munich, ably a'
sisted by Dr. A. R. FERGUSON, Freiburg, Dr. R. H. HASCHKE, Wiirzburg, Dr. A. HASILJK,
Freiburg, Dr. L. HEILMEYER Jr., Wiirzburg, Dr. E. Smss, Munich, and by the secretaries,
Miss E. BAUER, Munich and Mrs. G. WEIDEMANN, Wiirzburg. To the publishers, Springer
Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York, and especially to Dr. H. MAYER-KAUPP, we are greatly
indebted for their cooperation.
Without the help of all those named above and several other colleagues not mentioned by
name this volume would not have appeared on time. We hope the reader will find it a
useful guide to this important field of biological regulation.
Wiirzburg, Freiburg, Miinchen E. HELMREICH
November 1972 H. HoLZER
0. WIELAND
Contents
Welcoming Remarks. 0. WIELAND 1
Metabolic Interconversion of Enzymes: Introductory Remarks. C. F. CoRI 3
Comparative and Evolutionary Aspects of the Control of Phosphorylase.
E. H. FisCHER, PH. CoHEN, M. FossET, L. W. MuiR, J. C. SAARI 11
Electron Microscopy of Muscle Phosphorylases band a. N. A. KISELEV, F. YA. LERNER,
N. B. LIVANOVA ............................. . 29
Discussion 50
Studies on Glycogen Phosphorylase in Solution and in the Crystalline State.
N. B. MADSEN, K. 0. HoNIKEL, M. N. G. JAMEs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Probing and Mapping the Pyridoxal 5'-Phosphate Site of Glycogen Phosphorylase.
S. SHALTIEL, M. CoRTIJO, Y. ZAIDENZAIG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Association-dissociation Properties of NaBH -reduced Phosphorylase b. D. J. GRAVES,
4
J.-I. Tu, R. A. ANDERSON, T. M. MARTENSEN, B. J. WHITE . . . . . . . . . . . 103
The Mechanism of Action of Cyclic AMP in the Activation of Phosphorylase Kinase.
c.
E. G. KREBS, J. A. BEAVO, 0. BROSTROM, J.D. CORBIN, T. HAYAKAWA,
D. A. WALSH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Phosphorylase a as a Glucose Receptor. W. STALMANS, TH. DE BARSY, M. LALOUX,
H. DEWuLF, H.-G. HERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Properties of Purified Glycogen Synthetase b from Liver. H. L. SEGAL, Y. SANADA,
S. R. MARTIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
The Mechanism of Activation of the Lac Operon. G. ZuBAY 149
Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Regulatory Mechanism of Enzyme Catabolism. N. KATuNuMA, E. KoMrNAMr,
S. Ko:v~rNAMI, K. KITo, T. MATsuzAwA ... 159
Discusswn 175
lnterconversion of Two Forms of Leucyl-tRNA Synthetase. P. RouGET, F. CHAPE-
VILLE 179
Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Diphtheria Toxin-catalyzed Adenosine Diphosphoribosylation of Aminoacyl Trans
ferase II from Rat Liver. T. HoNJO, K. UEDA, T. TANABE, 0. HAYAISHI 193
Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Regulation of Transcription by T4 Phage Induced Chemical Alteration and Modifi
cation of Transcriptase (EC2.7.7.6). D. RABUSSAY, R. MAILHAMMER, W. ZrLLIG 213
Discussion 228
On the Mechanism of Action and Metabolic Control of the Multifunctional Enzyme
Complex that Catalyzes Adenylylation and Deadenylylation of Escherichia Coli
Glutamine Synthetase. E. R. STADTMAN, M. BROWN, A. SEGAL, W. A. ANDERSON,
B. HENNIG, A. GINSBURG, J. H. MANGUM ................... . 231
VIII
Inactivation of Glutamine Synthetase in Intact E. coli Cells. H. HoLZER, H. ScHuTT,
P. c. HEINRICH ............•.................... 245
Studies on the Mechanism of the ATP: Glutamine Synthetase Adenylyltransferase
Reaction. D. WoLF, R. WoHLHUETER, E. EBNER ............... . 253
The Role of Enzyme Inactivation in the Regulation of Glutamine Synthesis in Yeast:
in vivo Studies Using 15NH3. A. P. SIMS, A. R. FERGUSON ........... . 261
Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Molecular Aspects of the Regulation of the Mammalian Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
Complex. L. J. REED, T. C. LINN, F. HucHo, G. NAMIHIRA, C. R. BARRERA,
TH. E. RocHE, J. W. PELLEY, D. D. RANDALL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Regulation of the Mammalian Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex: Physiological
Aspects and Characterization of PDH-Phosphatase from Pig Heart. 0. WIELAND,
E. SIEss, H. J. v. FuNcKE, C. PATZELT, A. ScHIRMANN, G. L6FFLER, L. WEISS 293
Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
Enzyme-dependent Activation of P ruvate Formate-lyase of Escherichia coli.
J. KNAPPE, H.-P. BLASCHKOWSKI, R. EDENHARDER ............. . 319
Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 327
Lactose Synthetase: Structure and Function. R. L. HILL, R. BARKER, K. W. OLSEN,
J. H. SHAPER, I. P. TRAYER ........ / .................. . 331
UDP-glucose: D-fructose-6-phosphate 2-glucosyltransferase: Metabolic Control of
the Enzyme Activity. M.A. R. DE FEKETE ................... . 347
Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352
Mechanism of Interaction between Arginase and Ornithine Transcarbamoyl Trans
J.
ferase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. M. WIAME, F. MESSENGUY, M. PENNINCKX 357
Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370
Enzymatic Modification of Basic Chromosomal Proteins in Developing Trout Testis.
G. H. DIXON, G. S. BAILEY, E. P. M. CANDIDO, A. J. LOUIE, M. M. SANDERS,
M. T. SuNG .................................. . 375
Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377
Active Site-directed Side Chain Modification. H. FASOLD, F. W. HuLLA, A. KENMOKU 381
Discussion . . . . . . . 390
Metabolic Interconversion: of Enzymes: Relation to the Hysteretic Response.
c. FRIEDEN ..... . 391
Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401
Why Are Enzymes Interconvertible? R. H. HASCHKE, L. HEILMEYER, Jr., E. HELM
REICH 405
General Discussion 416
List of Participants 439
Index of Contributors
Anderson, R.A., 103+ Fasold, H., 381+, 118, 390, 402
+
Anderson, W.A., 231+ Ferguson, A.R., 261
+
Antonov, 353 Fischer, E • H • , 11 , 50 , 51, 52,
118, 144, 177, 192, 211, 278,
Bailey, G.S., 375+ 354, 377, 390, 416, 426, 429,
Barker, R., 331+ 430
Barrera, C.R., 281 + Foset, M., 11+
+
Blaschkowski, H.P., 319+ Frieden, C., 391 , 353, 401, 402,
Blavo, J.A., 113+ 403, 404, 424, 430, 431
Brostrom, c.o., 113+ Funcke, v.H.J., 293+
+
Brown, M., 231
Buc, H., 277, 401, 423, 434 Gancedo, C., 228, 352, 371, 372,
Bucher, Th., 370 373, 434
Ginsburg, A., 231+
Candido, E.P.M., 375 + Graves, D.J., 103+, 51, 312, 422
Chapeville, F., 179+, 192, 209,
Hartmann, G., 157, 228, 278
210
+
Cohen , P • , 11 + Haschke, R.H., 405 , 209, 210
Corbin, J.D., 113+ Hasilik, A., 192, 313, 434
Cori, C.F., 3+, 51, 118, 146, Hayaishi, o., 193+ , 208, 209, 210,
313, 352, 403, 428 211
Cortijo, M., 73+ Hayakawa, T., 113+
Heilmeyer, L., jr., 405+, 52,
De Barsy, T., 121+ 378, 417, 418, 419, 420, 423
Decker, K., 327, 354, 378, 379 Heinrich, P.C., 245+
+
De Fekete, M.A.R., 354, 355, Helmreich, E., 405 , 119, 146, 208,
372, 347+ 277, 327, 390, 401, 403, 421,
DeWulf, H., 121+ 422, 428
+
Dixon, G.H., 375+, 157, 209, Hennig, B., 231
310, 370, 377, 378, 379, Henning, U., 353, 373, 426
+
Hers, H.G., 121
426, 429
Hess, B., 51, 314, 315, 316, 317
+ Hill, R.L., 331+, 352, 353, 354,
Ebner, E., 253
379
Edenharder, R., 319+
+
Holzer, H., 245 , 50, 119, 176,
177, 192, 278, 279, 355, 431,
435, 436, 437
X
Honikel, K.O. , 55+ Namihira, G., 281+
Honjo, T., 193+
Hucho , F • , 2 81 + Olsen, K.W., 331+
+
Hulla, F.W., 381
Palm, D., 404
James, M.N.G., 55+ Palmer, N., 52, 53, 54
Patzelt, c., 293 +
Katunuma, N., 159+ , 175, 176, Pelley, J.W., 281 +
3 71 , 4 30 , 4 3 7 Penninckx, M., 357+
Kenmoku, A., 381 + Pette, D., 175, 313, 390, 403
Kiselev, N.A., 29+
+
Kito, K., 159+ Rabussay, D., 213 , 228, 229, 438
Knappe, J., 319 + , 327, 328, 329 Randall, D.O., 281+
+
Kominami, E., 159+ Reed, L.D., 281 , 310, 313, 314
. +
Kominami, s., 159 Reinauer, H., 310, 311
Krebs, E.G., 113 + , 52, 118, 119, Roche, T.E., 28:+
175, 210, 311, 313, 314, Rouget, P., 179+
379, 402, 428, 429, 435,
438 Saari, J.C., 11+
+
Sanada, Y., 133
Laloux, M., 121+ Sanders, M.M., 375+
Schirmann, A., 293+
Lerner, F.Ya., 29+
Schutt, H., 245+
Linn, T.C., 281+
Segal, A., 231+
Livanova, N.B., 29+
+
Leffler, G., 293+ Segal, H.L., 133 , 147, 175, 208,
. +
Louie, A.J., 375 277, 311, 328, 372, 402, 433
Lynen, F., 279, 311, 353, 355, Seubert, w., 312
425, 432, 436 Shaltiel, s., 73+, 119, 352, 354,
377, 379
+ Shaper, J.H., 331+
Madsen, N.B., 55 , 421, 435
Mailhammer, R., 213+ Siess, E., 293+
+ Sims, A.P., 261+
Mangum, J.H., 231
Martensen, T.M., 103+ Sols, A., 50, 146, 210, 278, 310,
Martin, S.R., 133+ 312, 329, 354, 355, 371, 437
+
Matsuzawa, T., 159+ Stadtman, E.R., 231 , 52, 228, 277,
Messenguy, F., 357+ 278, 279, 327, 328, 370, 401,
Muir, L.W., 11+ 402, 416, 424, 425, 426, 429,
431, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436,
437
+
Stalmans, W., 121 , 146
Sung, M.T., 375+
XI
+
Tanabe, T., 193
+
Trayer, I.P., 331
Tu , J an-I • , 103+
+
Ueda, K., 193
Wallenfels, K., 377
+
Walsh, D.A., 113
+
Weiss, L., 293
White, B.J., 103+
Wiame, J .M., 357+, 370, 371,
373
Wieland, o., 1+ , 293 + , 118, 211,
310, 311, 312, 313, 377,
403, 426
Wieland, Th., 377
Wohlhueter, R., 253+, 433
+
Wolf, D., 253
Zaidenzaig, Y., 73+
Ziegler, H., 354
+
Zillig, W., 213
+
Zubay, G., 149 , 157, 228, 229
+
Symposium paper