Merchants of Canton and Macao: Success and Failure in Eighteenth-Century Chinese Trade PDF
Preview Merchants of Canton and Macao: Success and Failure in Eighteenth-Century Chinese Trade
Merchants of Canton and Macao Merchants of Canton and Macao Success and Failure in Eighteenth-Century Chinese Trade Paul A. Van Dyke Hong Kong University Press The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong www.hkupress.org © 2016 Paul A. Van Dyke ISBN 978-988-8139-32-3 All rights reserved. No portion of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed and bound by Paramount Printing Co., Ltd. in Hong Kong, China Dedicated to all Chinese who have no records or memories of their ancestors who lived, worked and died in the Pearl River Delta. qqqqq Contents List of Tables ix List of Appendixes xi Preface xv Acknowledgements xxxiii Moneys, Weights, and Measures xxxv List of Abbreviations xxxvii Introduction Global Influences and Their Consequences 1 Chapter One Swequa 蔡瑞官 and Brothers 1741–1772 19 Chapter Two Monqua 蔡文官 and Family 1734–1796 39 Chapter Three Poankeequa 潘振承 and Family 1748–1788 61 Chapter Four Tan Anqua 陳安觀 1749–1790 and the Inland Tea Men 97 Chapter Five The Wu 伍 Family 1772–1802 107 Chapter Six The Porcelain Trade 123 Chapter Seven Thirteen Prominent Porcelain Dealers 1746–1806 133 Chapter Eight Miscellaneous Porcelain Dealers 1724–1844 161 Chapter Nine The Silk Trade 171 Chapter Ten Silk Weavers, Embroiderers, and Painters 187 viii Contents Conclusion Unwritten Realities of Trade 209 Appendixes 217 Notes 325 Bibliography 381 Index 425 qqqqq tables 1.1 European China Trade Records 1698–1833 xxiv 2.1 Number of Ships at Whampoa 1751–1760 4 5.1 EIC Shares of Trade Granted to the Four New Hong Merchants of 1792 118 7.1 Thirteen Prominent Porcelain Dealers 1746–1806 134 8.1 Other Porcelain Dealers Who Were Operating around 1779 162 8.2 Names of Porcelain Shops That Appear on Jinlun Huiguan (Silk Guild) Steles 166 9.1 Total Silk Exports from Canton in 1810 (from British Records) 182 9.2 Total Silk Exports from Canton in 1810 (from Dutch Records) 183 10.1 Prices of Nanking Raw Silk for 1777, 1781, and 1794 193 10.2 Average Silk Fabric Prices from Four Weavers in 1784 195
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