Mental Health and Psychosocial Support during the COVID-19 Response: An Overview PDF
Preview Mental Health and Psychosocial Support during the COVID-19 Response: An Overview
MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT DURING THE COVID-19 RESPONSE An Overview MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT DURING THE COVID-19 RESPONSE An Overview Edited by Joseph O. Prewitt Diaz, PhD First edition published 2023 Apple Academic Press Inc. CRC Press 1265 Goldenrod Circle, NE, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Palm Bay, FL 32905 USA Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 USA 760 Laurentian Drive, Unit 19, 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Burlington, ON L7N 0A4, CANADA Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN UK © 2023 by Apple Academic Press, Inc. Apple Academic Press exclusively co-publishes with CRC Press, an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the authors, editors, and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. 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For works that are not available on CCC please contact [email protected] Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Title: Mental health and psychosocial support during the COVID-19 response : an overview / edited by Joseph O. Prewitt Diaz, PhD. Names: Prewitt-Diaz, Joseph O., editor. Description: First edition. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: Canadiana (print) 20230158420 | Canadiana (ebook) 20230158471 | ISBN 9781774912898 (hardcover) | ISBN 9781774912904 (softcover) | ISBN 9781003347620 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Community mental health services. | LCSH: Mental health services. | LCSH: COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020-—Psychological aspects. | LCSH: COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020-—Social aspects. Classification: LCC RA790 .M46 2023 | DDC 362.2—dc23 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data CIP data on file with US Library of C o ngress ISBN: 978-1-77491-289-8 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-77491-290-4 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-00334-762-0 (ebk) About the Editor Joseph O. Prewitt Diaz, PhD Former Professor, Pennsylvania State University, USA Joseph O. Prewitt Diaz, PhD, is a practitioner-scholar who began his career as a public health worker in the depressed villages of his native Puerto Rico. He soon learned from the wisdom of the people the value of listening, identifying common problems together, and devising ways to solve those community problems. Together with others, he developed the Puerto Rican Peace Corps: VESPRA. Soon thereafter, he migrated to the United States to pursue assisting migrant workers in the tobacco fields of Connecticut. Prewitt Diaz was an advocate for the poor, the linguistically diverse, and the underrepresented. He was a professor at the Pennsylvania State University, where he conducted research, taught, and trained community practitioners who would become leaders in the fields of school psychology and bilingual education. During his tenure, he received multiple awards and recognitions, including the W.K. Kellogg Fellowship and the Woodrow Wilson Hispanic Fellow ship, acknowledging his research and scholarly contributions. During this period, Dr. Prewitt Diaz and two collogues conducted a major national study of the effects of migration on children, and this study led to national changes in migrant education. From 1991 to 1998, Dr. Prewitt Diaz served as a mental health volunteer in some of the major disasters in the United States: Hurricane Andrew, the Oklahoma City Bombing, and the 9/11 United Recovery in Shanksville, PA. In 1998, Dr. Prewitt Diaz was assigned to the first international disaster where American Red Cross implemented a community psychosocial support program in the Americas, South Asia, and Africa. In 2008 he was the recipient of the APA International Humanitarian Award. He has continued in International Services as a volunteer to this day. Since 1998, Dr. Prewitt Diaz has been serving in international and domestic services with the American Red Cross. During his postings, he served as Program Coordinator for Central America in charge of Health, Water and Sanitation, and Community Engagement. He served the Mental Health Delegate during the 2002 El Salvador earthquake. He was transferred vi About the Editor to India where he served as the Mental Health Delegate during the 2002 India Riots at Gujarat and earthquake response. By end of 2003, he oversaw the American Red Cross projects in the states of Gujarat, Orissa, and Tamil Nadu. In 2004 he was assigned to work at the Bhutanese Refugee Camps in Nepal as the Psychosocial Project Manager. In December of 2004, with the Southeast Asia Tsunami, he was tasked with the immediate response to the response and recovery in Maldives, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and India. He returned to his native Puerto Rico where he developed a Disaster Law Center at the Law School of the University of Puerto Rico. By 2013, he had returned to the Washington, DC area, where he serves as a Red Cross volun teer focusing of the use of faith-based communities in disaster preparedness. He has been seconded to the IFRC for short assignments related to project development. In 2013, he supported the Ebola outbreak response in Western Africa; in 2016–2017, he supported the Zika response in Paraguay, Brazil, and Guatemala. From April 2020 to the present, he has been seconded from the American Red Cross to the IFRC, where serves as the Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Technical Expert for COVID-19. Among the many honors and awards, Dr. Prewitt Diaz received the Certificate of Merit for Lifesaving from the American Red Cross, the Meritorious Award from the Latin American Psychiatric Association for the Development of Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Programs in Central America, and the American Psychological Association International Humanitarian Award. Contents Contributors .............................................................................................................ix Abbreviations ...........................................................................................................xi In Memoriam ..........................................................................................................xiii Acknowledgment ..................................................................................................... xv Foreword ...............................................................................................................xvii Preface ................................................................................................................... xix PART I: Background of MHPSS ..........................................................................1 1. Community-Based Mental Health and Psychosocial Support as a Tool to Address the Societal Needs Raised by COVID-19 ...........................3 Joseph O. Prewitt Diaz 2. Activating Community Resilience Through Community Capitals After COVID-19 .............................................................................15 Joseph O. Prewitt Diaz 3. Community Engagement in Times of COVID-19 ......................................23 Anjana Dayal de Prewitt PART II: Assessment of the Needs of the Most Vulnerable Population ..........27 4. Community Engagement During COVID-19 and Beyond........................29 Joseph O. Prewitt Diaz 5. Community-Based Psychosocial Support: A Process for the Protection of Vulnerable Populations During COVID-19 .........................47 Subhasis Bhadra 6. Serving the Most Vulnerable: Psychosocial Support in Indigenous Communities in Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Ecuador, Mexico, and Peru ..........................................................................75 Joseph O. Prewitt Diaz 7. Psychological Support Migration Appeal to the International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent in the Americas Region ...........................................................................................95 Linda San Marcos viii Contents 8. Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Three African Countries: Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone .........................................119 Joseph O. Prewitt Diaz 9. Addressing Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Needs in Cameroon, Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda ...............................................139 Joseph O. Prewitt Diaz PART III: Implementing Mental Health and Psychosocial Support .............161 10. An Examination of Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Four Low-Income Countries in South Asia ..............................................163 Joseph O. Prewitt Diaz 11. Developing a Universal Model of an MHPSS Regional Response ..........185 Joseph O. Prewitt Diaz 12. Chronology of MHPSS Interventions in the Americas During the Immediate and Early Recovery ..............................................205 Greisy Massiel Trejo Rodríguez 13. Country-Level Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Programs: Moving Forward After COVID-19 ............................................................239 Joseph O. Prewitt Diaz 14. Mental Health and Psychosocial Support During and After the Pandemic: A Practical Response ................................................................267 Joseph O. Prewitt Diaz 15. Monitoring and Evaluation of Mental Health and Psychosocial Support*.......................................................................................................275 Joseph O. Prewitt Diaz Index .....................................................................................................................297 Contributors Subhasis Bhadra Associate Professor and Head, Department of Sports Psychology, Central University of Rajasthan, Rajasthan, India Joseph O. Prewitt Diaz The Pennsylvania State University (Retd.), Pennsylvania, USA Linda San Marcos COVID-19 Recovery Program, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent, Americas Region, Panama, C.A. Anjana Dayal de Prewitt American Red Cross, National Headquarters, Washington, D.C., USA Greisy Massiel Trejo Rodríguez Mental Health and Health in Emergencies Delegate, Americas Region, International Federation of the Red Cross, Panama, C.A.
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