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TALLEYRAND PRINCE DE BENEVENTO,VICEGRAND ELECTOR OF THE EMFHE FROMTHEPAINTINGBYPRUD'HON MEMOIRS PRINCE DE TALLEYRAND EDITED, WITH A PREFACE AND NOTES, BY THE DUC DE BROGLIE OF THE FRENCH ACADEMY TRANSLATED UY RAPHAfeL LEDOS DE BEAUFORT, F.R.HiST.S. WITHAN INTRODUCnON BY THE HONORABLE WHITELAW REID AMERICAN MINISTER IN PARIS. VOLUME II H'lTHPORTRAITS. PUTNAM'S SONS G. P. NEWYORK LONDON 37VTBSTTWENTY-THIRDST. 27KINGWILLIAM ST.,STRAND 189I Copyright,1891 BY G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS Ubc Rnicfeetbocftet prcse Rew SJorl! ——— CONTENTS. FART VI. napoleon's marriage, his brothers, his struggle with PIUS VII. — i8og 1813. Talleyrandmarrieshisnephewwith the daughter of the Duchess of Courland — Napoleon'smarriagewiththe Archduchess Marie-I.ouise Napoleon'sdream of universal domin—ation—His brother—s and his sisters' hu—sbands—Why he gavethemthrones Josephin Naples Murat succeeds him Murat endeav- — — ourstoshakeofftheyokeofNapoleon Murat'sambition Napoleonandhis — — — brotherLouis Westphalia KingJeromeandtheGermans Josephin Spain — — — LordWellington TheFrench driven from Spain Blunder of Napoleon — — inSpain Differencesbetween Napoleonandthe Fope Fersecution of Pius — — VdeIcIl.ineNteogorteisaitginontshebiertwseeeesn—tTheheFiCrsotncCoorndsaut—l LaandpePtiiutesEVgIlIi.se—SoHmoemebisrheogpus- — — lations concerning Public Worship Cardinal Caprara Coronation of — — Napoleon PiusVII. atParis Napoleon crownedKing of I—talyat Milan RefusalofthePopeto recognize Joseph as King of Naples Occupation of — RomebyGeneral Miollis Annexation of the legations of Urbino, Ancona, — — Macerata, andCamerino Imprisonment of several cardinals Disarmingof — — the Papal—[guards Annexation of the P—apal States to Fran—ce Protest of PiusVII. Thebullofexcommunication Arrest of the Pope TheKingof — — Rome Meetingofanecclesiasticalcommission Hadthe Pope anyright to — refuse the buU of confirmation to the French bishops? Did the F—rench Government infringetheclauses of the Concordat byinvading Rome? The — Church in Germany and Italy Measures to be taken to thwart the effect — — ofthebuUofexcommunicatio—n ConsiderationsontheCommi—ssion Cardinal dM'aAusrtryosa—ndCartdhienaPlopdei'sPiebtrrioe—f SIenvceornes—miestaesnucryesoafgaPiinussttVhIeIP.opeAr—reSsutmomfoAnbibneg of asecond ecclesiasticalcommission Can bishops accord dispe—nsations? ArePapalbullsindispensabletoobtainthecanonicalconfirmation? Interven- — tion of the Bishop of Nante—s Napoleon agrees to summon a council and to neg—otiate with the Pope Pius VII. withdraw—s his bull of excommuni- cation The liberties of the'Church of[France Pius VII. adheres to a — — — CONTENTS. modification of the Concordat, with regard to the canonical confirmation — of bishops Misgivings of the Pope concerning the meetingof acouncil — — Inutility of the latter Napoleon insists on the meeting of the Council — — — Opening of the Council The bishops at St. Cloud Napoleon takes — — Cardinal Fesch to task Dignified attitude of the latter Napoleon flies — into a passion Je suis Charlemagne The Emperor's message to the — — Council Address of the Council in reply Napoleon declines to receive — it The Council declares its inc—ompetence to decide the question pending between Napoleon and the Pope Wrath of the Emperor on hearing this — — Napoleon's projects defeated by the Council The Council dissolved by — — imperialdecree Imprisonmentofthreebishops Re-assemblingoftheCoun- — cil The imperial decree adopted and sent to the Pope for his approval- — — Brief of Pius VII. approving the decree Inconsistency of Napoleon Re- — turns the Pope's brief—Transferof the Pope to Fontainebleau Interview — between Napoleon andPiusVII. Signatureofanewcompact,whichwasnot — — to be divulged Breach of faith of Napoleon Retractation of the Pope — Napoleon vainly tries to renew the negotiations Return of Pius VII. to Rome—Political blundersof the Emperor in the course of the negotiations with the Pope . . Pages 1-95 PART VII. THE FALL OF THE EMPIRE, THE RESTORATION. — 1813 1814. — Theppoolliictyi—calNo—faculhtasncoeffoNrapthoeleHoonuseWhofatBomuirgbhotn—haWvheybLeoeunisaXVmIaIsIt.erapsiceceendeodf the throne Why Napoleon—is the firstand onlyman—who could have given Europe her true equilibrium The cause of his ruin Talleyrand's apology — forhavingleftNapoleon'sservice Rejectstheimputationofhavingconspired — — againsttheEmperor General Savary andTalleyrand Napoleonwants Tal- leyrand to re—sume office "Ah! si Talleyrand i<t—ait Ih!"—La Besnardi^re andNapoleon Wrathof the latter against Murat Napoleon alone plotted — atgoani—nsAtbbhiemJsuedlaf——HTisheobCsotlionsascuysahtasthefeCetonogfrecslsayo—f LChoartdilWleolnlinLgotrodn'sWelpllianng—- The Due d'Angoulemeand the Duk—eof Wellington—Sir Henry Bunbury— bTohne rMiasriqngu—isBadtetlleaRoofchOerjtahceqzu—elWeeinllinWgetlolningytieolndsr—efVuissecsoutontsuBpeproerstfoardB—ouMr.- —Lynch and the Bourbons—Lord Bathurst'sletterto the Dukeof Wellington PoBnastotnlebyofanTdouHl.ouCsoeo—kC—orTrehcetaabt—dtiictautdieonofofWetlhleinEgmtpoenr—oCro—loCnhealrsgeFrberdoeurgihctk against the ProvisoryGovernment TheEnglishGovernmentandNapoleon LouisXVIII. and the Prince Regen—t of England—Baron de VitroUesat the headquartersoftheallied sovereigns TalleyrandandtheBarondeVitroUes Interview between the latterand Count von Stadion—Prince Metternichand — — A^lit^UlCUli AlieglCiiL UCCLlUX lliUIUpC AUCICglLll—llclljyUlgUVCillillCllia V»llj* Talleyrand supported theclaimsof theBourbons Napoleon'sopinionof the — — Bourbons Capitulationof Paris TheCzarandthe Kingof PrussiainParis — — Marchpast oftheallied troopsintheChamps Elysees Talleyrandandthe — — Czar Alexander Negoti—ations relative to the recall of the Bourbons The CzarAlexanderamazed Thereturnof LouisXVIII. voted by former regi- — — cides M. de Caulaincourt and Talleyrand Declaration of the allies to — Napoleon TheProvisory Government—Entranceof theComted'Artoisinto — — Paris InterviewbetweenTalleyrand andLouisXVIII. atCompiegne The — — Saint-Ouenproclamation Returnof LouisXVIII. toParis The Charter — Talleyrand appointed Ministerof Foreign Affairs The situationof France — comparedwithEurope on the morrowof Napoleon's fall The conventions — betweentheComted'Artois and the Allies Treatyof peacebetween Louis — — XVIII. andtheAllies AdditionalArticles Separate and secretArticles to — the Treaty of Paris Decision relative to the assembling of a Congress at — Vienna Talleyrand's letter to the Czar Alexander—Instructions of Louis — XVIII. tothe French plenipotentiariesto the Congress of Vienna Various considerationson the conditionof Europe and the respective situations im- posedbyNapoleon onits differentStates—Howtheseare toberemedied by theCongressofVienna . Pages96-197 PART VIII. CONGRESS OF VIENNA. — 1814 1815. — — Talleyrand's arrival atVienna Dispositionsof theAllies tow—ards France The pcoosnitteinodneodfwtihteh—FrOepnecnhinpgleonfiptohteentCioanrgireesssat—tThheeCoinngternetsisonsDoifffitchueltifeisrstt-oclabses Powers——Talleyrand findsunhoped-forsupport in—Spain andthesecond-class Power—s Want of courtesy towards Talleyrand Defeats the aim—of the Allies The first mee—ting of the Congress attended by Talleyr—and Prince Mettemich's speech Talleyrand's reply Puissances Alli/es Count de — Labrador'smotion insupport of Talleyran—d's proposals Embarrassment of the plenipotentiariesof theallied Powers The—Congress agrees to the an- tnhuelliCnogngorfetshse—pCrohtaoncgolesooffdtihsepopsrietcieodnintgowsairttdisngFsraDnicset—ribTuhteionanonfivtehreswaroyrkseorf- — ——— CONTENTS. — — ice of the death of Louis XVI. The Congress at work The fate of the — KingdomofSaxonyandofthe Grand DuchyofWarsaw Prussia'sdesigns — Talleyranddemursto therecognitionof herclaims Thesacred principleof — — legitimacy Suum cuique Thelaxityofthepubliclaw ofEurope Growing — tendencytouphold usurpations Indifferenceof the Alliesastotherightsof — the HouseofBourbon ObstaclesencounteredbyTalleyrandinenforcingthe — — triumphof l—egitimacy Hostileattitude of Russiat—owardsFrance Compro- miseoffered—"I amnothereto strikeabargain!" " No compromisewith —principles!" E—ngland backsup theviewsof—Russia andPrussia onSaxony Her delusion Doubtfulattitudeof Austria Talleyrandwins her support —He succeeds in dispelling the prejudices of England—A secret al—liance between France, Austria, and England, against Russia and Prussia The — — — prestigeof principles Discordamong theAllies Prussiagivesway Napo- — — —leon'sreturn from Elba —AnxietyoftheCongress The Comt—essede Brionne wit"hPoMleitttiecsrnmiucsh,twWaeiltli!n"gtoInn,deacnidsiToanlolfeytrhaendK—inAgopfleSniapxootneyntiaHriysofinStearxvoineyw — — attheCongress Russia compelled to desist The deliberationsof theCon- gress concerning Poland—Francedisposed to admit therestoration of inde- — — — pendentPoland Russia's Ministersgivein FerdinandIV.andMurat The — — latterdefeated bytheAustrians Talleyrand created Due of Dino Sardinia — — and the House of Carignan Switzerland's neutrality The Netherlands — — The German Confederation Louis XVIII. at Ghent The Congress, at — Talleyrand's suggestion, denouncesthe usurper The Powersrushtoarms — Louis XVIII. admittedinto theAllianceof Europe against Napoleon Cor- respondence exchanged between Louis XVIII. and Talleyrand at theCon- — gress Text ofthesecretTreatyofDefensiveAllia—nce,concludedJanuary3, 1815, between Austria, France, and Great Britain Napoleon ac—quaints the Czar Alexander with the text of the above-mentioned Treaty Interview — — betweenAlexander and Prince Metternich Napoleon's aims defeated In- — dulgenceoftheCzarfor Prince Metternich TheCzarAlexanderincensedat Talleyrand'sduplicity . . . Pages 198-392 ILLUSTRATIONS — Talleyrand Prince de Benevento, Vice Grand Elector of the Empire, fromthepaintingby Pnid'hon . , . F^-antispiece Charles Maurice Talleyrand Facingpage 160 . Charles Maurice Talleyrand, fromanearly portrait. (Reprinted bythecourtesyofthe CosmopolitanMagazine) . . Facingpage 288 ———— MEMOIRS OF THE PRINCE DE TALLEYRAND. PART VI. NAPOLEON'S MARRIAGE—HIS BROTHERS—HIS STRUGGLE WITH PIUS VIL — 1809 1813. Talleyrand marries his nephew with the daughter of the Duchess of — Courland Napoleon's marriagewith theArchduchess Marie-Louise — Napoleon's dream of universal domination His brothers and his sisters' husbands—Wh—y he gave them thrones—Joseph in Naples Murat suc—ceeds him Murat—endeavours to shake off the yoke of Napoleon Murat's ambition Napoleon and his brother Louis Westphalia—King Jdr&me and the Germans—Joseph in Spain—Lord — — Wellington TheFrench driven from Spain Blunderof Napoleon in — — Spain Differences between Napoleon and the Pope Persecution of — — PiusVII. Negotiationsbetweenth—eFirstConsulan—d PiusVII. Som—e bishopsdeclineto resigntheirsees The Concord—at LapetUeEglise Home regulations conc—erning Public Wors—hip Cardinal Caprara Coronationof Napoleon PiusVII. at Paris Napoleon crowned King — of Italy—at Milan Refusalof the Popeto recogni—zeJoseph as Kingof Naples Occupation of Romeby General Miollis Ann—exation of the legations of Urbino,Ancona, Macerata, and Camerino—Imprisonment of several cardinals—Disarming of the Papal guards Annexation of thePapal States to France—Protestof PiusVII.—The bullof excom- munication—Arrest of the Pope—The King of Rome—Meetingof an — ecclesiasticalcommission Hadthe P—opeanyright to refusethebuU of institution to the French bishops .' Had the French—Government infringedtheclausesof—theConcordatbyinvading Rome? TheChurch in Germanyand Italy Measures to be taken to thwart the effect of — thebullofexcommunication Considerations onthe Council^Cardinal VOL. II. B