Medicine The Definitive Illustrated History

322 Pages·2016·18.06 MB·English

by  Steve Parker

MEDICINE
THE DEFINITIVE ILLUSTRATED HISTORY
US_001_Half_Title_UK.indd 1 09/05/16 4:52 pm
US_002_003_Title_UK.indd 2 09/05/16 4:52 pm
MEDICINE
THE DEFINITIVE ILLUSTRATED HISTORY
STE VE PARKER
US_002_003_Title_UK.indd 3 26/05/16 3:36 pm
CONSULTANT
Steve Parker
CONTRIBUTORS
Alexandra Black, Philip Parker, Sally Regan, Marcus Weeks
DK LONDON
Senior Editor Kathryn Hennessy
Senior Art Editor Helen Spencer
Editors Alexandra Beeden, Polly Boyd, Anna Cheifetz,
Jemima Dunne, Georgina Palffy, Esther Ripley
US Editor Jill Hamilton TREATING A GLADIATOR
Managing Editor Gareth Jones
Senior Managing Art Editor Lee Griffiths
Senior Jacket Designer Mark Cavanagh
CONTENTS
Jacket Design Development Manager Sophia MTT
Jacket Editor Claire Gell
Pre-production Producer Nadine King
Producer Mandy Inness
Associate Publishing Director Liz Wheeler
Publishing Director Jonathan Metcalf
Art Director Karen Self
22 Secrets of Mummies
DK DELHI
24 Medicine in Ancient
Senior Editors Dharini Ganesh, Bharti Bedi, Anita Kakar
Mesopotamia
Senior Art Editor Mahua Sharma
Project Art Editor Shreya Anand
ANCIENT WISDOM 26 Early Chinese
Editors Arpita Dasgupta, Priyaneet Singh
Medicine
Art Editor Anjali Sachar
TO 700
Senior Editorial Manager Rohan Sinha
28 Acupuncture
Managing Art Editors Sudakshina Basu, Anjana Nair
Jacket Designer Suhita Dharamjit 12 Timeline 30 Ayurveda
Managing Jackets Editor Saloni Singh
Picture Researcher Aditya Katyal 14 Healers and Herbalists 32 Medicine in Ancient
Manager Picture Research Taiyaba Khatoon Greece
DTP Designers Vijay Kandwal, Pawan Kumar 16 Early Surgery
Senior DTP Designers Harish Aggarwal, Sachin Singh 34 The Four Humors
Pre-production Manager Balwant Singh 18 Shamanism
Production Manager Pankaj Sharma 36 Hippocrates
20 Medicine in
First American Edition, 2016 Ancient Egypt 38 Medicine in Ancient Rome
Published in the United States by DK Publishing
345 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014
Copyright © 2016 Dorling Kindersley Limited ANCIENT EGYPTIAN SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS
DK, a Division of Penguin Random House LLC
16 17 18 19 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
001—283277—Oct/16
All rights reserved.
Without limiting the rights under the copyright reserved above, no part of this publication
may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any
form, or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise),
without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. Published in Great Britain by
Dorling Kindersley Limited.
A catalog record for this book is available from the
Library of Congress.
ISBN: 978-1-4654-5341-9
DK books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk for sales promotions,
premiums, fund-raising, or educational use. For details, contact: DK Publishing Special
Markets, 345 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014
[email protected]
Printed in Hong Kong
A WORLD OF IDEAS:
SEE ALL THERE IS TO KNOW
www.dk.com
US_004-007_Contents_medicine.indd 4 25/05/16 5:22 pm
DISTILLING SPIRITS TREATING BATTLEFIELD CASUALTIES
40 Galen 56 Medieval Medicine 86 Cataract Surgery
42 R oman Surgical Tools 60 Anatomy Restored 88 Exchanging Epidemics
with the New World
62 Apothecary Store
90 Thomas Sydenham
64 Alchemy
92 Early Microscopists SCIENCE TAKES
66 The Black Death
94 Evolution of CHARGE 1800 –1900
68 Preventing Plagues Microscopes
REVIVAL AND
70 Alchemy, Chemistry, 96 The First Microanatomists 112 Timeline
RENAISSANCE and Medicine
98 Scurvy 114 The First
700 –1800 72 The Anatomy Revolution Stethoscope
100 Smallpox: The
76 Barber-surgeons Red Plague 116 Diagnostic
46 Timeline Instruments
78 Ambroise Paré 102 The First Vaccination
48 The Golden Age of Islamic 118 Resurrection Men
Medicine 80 Repair and Reconstruction 104 Phrenology
120 Miasma Theory
52 Ibn Sina’s The Canon 82 Discovering the Circulation 106 The Modern
of Medicine Hospital 122 Cholera
84 The Circulation
54 The First School of Medicine Revolution 108 Homeopathy 124 John Snow
THE MEDICAL SCHOOL AT SALERNO INOCULATING A PATIENT
US_004-007_Contents_medicine.indd 5 27/05/16 2:28 pm
JOSEPH LISTER’S CARBOLIC SPRAY PILL PRODUCTION
126 Epidemiology and 150 Cell Theory 174 The Struggle Against Malaria 188 Minimally Invasive Surgery
Public Health
152 Pathology and 176 Transfusion Breakthrough 190 Diabetes and Insulin
128 Anaesthetics Medical Autopsy
192 War and Medicine
130 Early Anaesthetics 154 The First Antiseptics
194 Battlefield Medicine in
132 Dentistry 156 Tuberculosis World War II
134 Pregnancy and 158 Vaccines Come 196 Influenza and the
Childbirth of Age Pandemic
ERA OF
136 Midwives 160 Mysteries of 198 The Discovery of
the Brain SPECIALIZATION Penicillin
138 Childbed Fever
162 Mental Illness 1900 –1960 200 Antibiotics in Action
140 Women in
Medicine 164 Horror of the Asylum 202 The Evolution of Syringes
180 T imeline
142 Nursing 166 Viruses and How 204 Women’s Health
they Work 182 Sigmund Freud
144 Medical Publishing 206 Heart Disease
168 Fighting Rabies 184 The Development
146 Microbiology and of the ECG 208 Allergies and
Germ Theory 170 The Discovery of Aspirin Antihistamines
186 A Cure for
148 Louis Pasteur 172 X-rays Syphilis 210 Polio: A Global Battle
GUESTS IN A TRANCE AT MESMER BANQUET FIRST AID AFTER GAS ATTACK
US_004-007_Contents_medicine.indd 6 27/05/16 4:23 pm
EARLY ECG RADIOTHERAPY FOR A BRAIN TUMOUR
212 The Structure of DNA 228 Cancers 254 Robotic Surgery REFERENCE
214 Inhalers and Nebulizers 232 Advanced Imaging 256 Emergency Medicine
274 Body Systems
216 Scanning Machines 234 The First Heart 258 Antibiotic Resistance
276 The Skeletal System
Transplant and Superbugs
218 The Pharmaceutical 278 The Muscular System
Industry 236 Implants and 260 Alzheimer’s Disease
Prostheses and Dementias 280 The Nervous System
238 Artificial Body Parts 262 End-of-Life Care 282 The Cardiovascular System
284 The Respiratory System
240 In Vitro Fertilization 264 Nanomedicine
286 The Endocrine System
242 HIV and AIDS 266 Global Medical
Bodies 288 The Digestive System
PROMISES OLD AND 244 New Discoveries for
Old Diseases 268 Ebola Virus 290 The Immune System
NEW 1960 – PRESENT Disease
246 Genetic Revolution 292 The Urogenital System
270 Stem Cell
296 Sensory Organs
222 Timeline 248 Genetic Testing Therapy
300 Who’s Who
224 The Contraceptive 250 Mental Health and
Pill Talking Therapies 305 Glossary
226 Margaret Sanger 252 Robots and Telemedicine 312 Index and Acknowledgments
NANOBOTS DNA SEQUENCING
US_004-007_Contents_medicine.indd 7 27/05/16 4:23 pm
US_008-009_Introduction.indd 8 09/05/16 12:52 pm