Medicina de los trastornos del sueño PDF
Preview Medicina de los trastornos del sueño
M edicina de los trastornos del sueño Aspectos básicos, consideraciones técnicas y aplicaciones clínicas M edicina de los trastornos del sueño Aspectos básicos, consideraciones técnicas y aplicaciones clínicas Tercera edición Sudhansu chokroverty, Md, FrcP, FacP Professor y Co-Chair of Neurology Clinical Neurophysiology and Sleep Medicine New Jersey Neuroscience Institute at JFK Medical Center Edison, New Jersey Professor of Neuroscience Seton Hall University School of Graduate Medical Education South Orange, New Jersey Edición en español de la tercera edición de la obra original en inglés Sleep Disorders Medicine. Basic Science, Technical Considerations and Clinical Aspects Copyright © MMIX, Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Traducción Santiago Madero García Revisión científica Juan Lorente Guerrero Médico Adjunto ORL, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona; Profesor Titular ORL, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. © 2011 Elsevier España, S.L. Travessera de Gràcia, 17-21 – 08021 Barcelona, España Fotocopiar es un delito. (Art. 270 C.P.) Para que existan libros es necesario el trabajo de un importante colectivo (autores, traductores, dibujantes, correctores, impresores, editores…). El principal beneficiario de ese esfuerzo es el lector que aprovecha su contenido. Quien fotocopia un libro, en las circunstancias previstas por la ley, delinque y contribuye a la «no» existencia de nuevas ediciones. Además, a corto plazo, encarece el precio de las ya existentes. Este libro está legalmente protegido por los derechos de propiedad intelectual. Cualquier uso, fuera de los límites establecidos por la legislación vigente, sin el consentimiento del editor, es ilegal. Esto se aplica en particular a la reproducción, fotocopia, traducción, grabación o cualquier otro sistema de recuperación de almacenaje de información. ISBN edición original: 978-0-7506-7584-0 ISBN edición española: 978-84-8086-733-7 Advertencia La medicina es un área en constante evolución. Aunque deben seguirse unas precauciones de seguridad estándar, a medida que aumenten nuestros conocimientos gracias a la investigación básica y clínica habrá que introducir cambios en los tratamientos y en los fármacos. En consecuencia, se recomienda a los lectores que analicen los últimos datos aportados por los fabricantes sobre cada fármaco para comprobar la dosis recomendada, la vía y duración de la administración y las contraindicaciones. Es responsabilidad ineludible del médico determinar la dosis y el tratamiento más indicado para cada paciente en función de su experiencia y del conocimiento de cada caso concreto. Ni los editores ni los directores asumen responsabilidad alguna por los daños que pudieran generarse a personas o propiedades como consecuencia del contenido de esta obra. El editor Quiero dedicar este libro a mi esposa, Manisha Chokroverty, MD; a mis hijas, Linda Chokroverty, MD, y Keka Chokroverty-Filipowiz, BA, y a mis queridos padres ya fallecidos, Debendranath Chokroverty (1898-2001) y Ashalata Chokroverty (1910-2000). Autores Vivien C. Abad, MD, MBA Thanh Dang-Vu, MD, PhD Director, Sleep Disorders Center Postdoctoral Researcher, Cyclotron Research Centre Camino Medical Group University of Liege Cupertino, California Liege, Belgium Richard P. Allen, PhD Yves Dauvilliers, MD, PhD Assistant Professor, Johns Hopkins University School of Professor of Neurology/Physiology Arts and Sciences University of Montpellier Research Associate, Department of Neurology Montpellier, France Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland William C. Dement, MD, PhD Professor of Psychiatry and Sleep Medicine Charles W. Atwood Jr., MD Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Director, Sleep Disorders Clinic and Research Center Director, Sleep Disorders Program Stanford University School of Medicine Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System Palo Alto, California Director, Sleep Medicine Fellowship University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Martin Desseilles, MD Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Research Fellow, Cyclotron Research Centre University of Liege Ruth M. Benca, MD, PhD Liege, Belgium Director, Sleep Program Professor, Department of Psychiatry Karl Doghramji, MD University of Wisconsin-Madison Professor of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Madison, Wisconsin Professor of Neurology and Program Director Fellowship in Sleep Medicine Daniel J. Buysse, MD Thomas Jefferson University Professor of Psychiatry and Clinical and Translational Science Medical Director, Jefferson Sleep Disorders Center University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Thomas Jefferson University Hospital Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic/UPMC Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Helen S. Driver, PhD, RPSGT, D. ABSM Rosalind Cartwright, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor Professor, Department of Behavioral Sciences Departments of Medicine and Psychology Rush University Medical Center Queen’s University Chicago, Illinois Sleep Disorders Laboratory Coordinator Kingston General Hospital Sudhansu Chokroverty, MD, FRCP, FACP Kingston, Ontario, Canada Professor and Co-Chair of Neurology Clinical Neurophysiology and Sleep Medicine Milton G. Ettinger, MD† New Jersey Neuroscience Institute at JFK Medical Center Professor of Neurology Edison, New Jersey University of Minnesota Medical School Professor of Neuroscience Chief of Neurology Seton Hall University School of Graduate Medical Education Hennepin County Medical Center South Orange, New Jersey Minneapolis, Minnesota vii viii AuToRES Richard Ferber, MD Pierre Maquet, MD, PhD Associate Professor of Neurology Research Director, Cyclotron Research Centre Harvard Medical School University of Liege, Liege, Belgium Director, Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders Children’s Hospital Boston Stéphanie Maret, PhD Boston, Massachusetts Center for Integrative Genomics University of Lausanne Peter L. Franzen, PhD Lausanne, Switzerland Assistant Professor of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Robert W. McCarley, MD and Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic/UPMC Director, Neuroscience Laboratory, and Professor and Head Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare Christian Guilleminault, MD, DM, BiolD Brockton, Massachusetts Professor, Stanford University Medical School, Reena Mehra, MD, MS Stanford University Assistant Professor of Medicine Stanford, California Case School of Medicine Assistant Professor of Medicine and Medical Director Wayne A. Hening, MD, PhD† Adult Sleep Center Services Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center University Hospitals Case Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland Cleveland, Ohio Max Hirshkowitz, PhD Pasquale Montagna, MD Tenured Associate Professor Professor of Neurology Department of Medicine and Menninger Department of Psychiatry Department of Neurological Sciences and Sleep Medicine Fellowship Training Director University of Bologna Medical School Baylor College of Medicine Bologna, Italy Director Sleep Disorders and Research Center Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center Jacques Montplaisir, MD, PhD, CRCP Houston, Texas Professor, Department of Psychiatry Université de Montréal Timothy F. Hoban, MD Director, Center for the Study of Sleep and Biological Rhythms Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Neurology Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal University of Michigan Montréal, Québec, Canada Director, Pediatric Sleep Medicine University of Michigan Robert Y. Moore, MD, PhD, FAAN Ann Arbor, Michigan Professor, Department of Neurology University of Pittsburgh Sharon A. Keenan, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania PhD, D.ABSM, REEGT, RPSGT Director, The School of Sleep Medicine Inc. Charles M. Morin, PhD Palo Alto, California Professor of Psychology and Director Sleep Research Center John B. Kostis, MD École de Psychologie John G. Detwiler Professor of Cardiology Université Laval Professor of Medicine and Pharmacology and Chairman Québec Canada Department of Medicine, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Tore Nielsen, PhD New Brunswick, New Jersey Professor, Department of Psychiatry Université de Montréal Mark W. Mahowald, MD Researcher, Center for the Study of Sleep and Biological Rhythms Professor, Department of Neurology Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal University of Minnesota Medical School Montréal, Québec, Canada Director, Minnesota Regional Sleep Disorders Center Hennepin County Medical Center Christopher P. o’Donnell, PhD Minneapolis, Minnesota Associate Professor University of Pittsburgh Susan Malcolm-Smith, MA Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Lecturer, Department of Psychology University of Cape Town Cape Town, South Africa AuToRES ix Maurice Moyses ohayon, MD, PhD, DSc Sophie Schwartz, PhD Stanford Sleep Epidemiology Research Center Professor Stanford University School of Medicine University of Geneva School of Medicine Palo Alto, California Geneva, Switzerland Markku Partinen, MD, PhD Amir Sharafkhaneh, MD, PhD Research Director Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine Helsinki Sleep Clinic Sleep Medicine Fellowship Program Director Vitalmed Research Centre Baylor College of Medicine Adjunct Professor, Department of Clinical Neurosciences Medical Director, Sleep Disorders and Research Center University of Helsinki Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center Helsinki, Finland Houston, Texas Philippe Peigneux, PhD Daniel M. Shindler, MD Professor, School of Psychology Professor of Medicine and Anesthesiology Free University of Brussels UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Brussels, Belgium New Brunswick, New Jersey Dominique Petit, PhD Eileen P. Sloan, PhD, MD, FRCP(C) Research Assistant Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto Université de Montréal Staff Psychiatrist, Perinatal Mental Health Program Research Assistant, Center for the Study of Sleep and Biological Mount Sinai Hospital Rhythms Toronto, Ontario, Canada Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal Montréal, Québec, Canada Mark Solms, PhD Professor of Neuropsychology Timothy A. Roehrs, PhD Department of Psychology Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience University of Cape Town Wayne State University School of Medicine Cape Town, South Africa Director of Research, Sleep Disorders and Research Center Henry Ford Health System Mircea Steriade, MD, DSc† Detroit, Michigan Professor of Neuroscience Department of Anatomy and Physiology Mary Wilcox Rose, Psy.D. Laval University Faculty of Medicine Assistant Professor Quebec, Canada Sleep Disorders and Research Center Baylor College of Medicine Robert Stickgold, PhD Psychologist, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center Associate Professor of Psychiatry Houston, Texas Harvard Medical School Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Director of the Center Thomas Roth, PhD for Sleep and Cognition Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Wayne State University School of Medicine Boston, Massachusetts Sleep Disorders and Research Center Henry Ford Hospital Ronald A. Stiller, MD, PhD Detroit, Michigan Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Mark H. Sanders, MD Medical Director, Surgical Intensive Care Unit Retired Professor of Medicine UPMC-Shadyside Hospital University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Kingman P. Strohl, MD Professor of Medicine and Professor of Anatomy Carlos H. Schenck, MD Case School of Medicine Professor, Department of Psychiatry Director, Center of Sleep Disorders Research University of Minnesota Medical School University Hospitals Case Medical Center Staff Psychiatrist, Hennepin County Medical Center Cleveland, Ohio Minneapolis, Minnesota x AuToRES Patrick J. Strollo Jr., MD Matthew P. Walker, PhD Associate Professor of Medicine and Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology and Translational Science Director, Sleep and Neuroimaging Laboratory University of Pittsburgh University of California, Berkeley Medical Director, UPMC Sleep Center Berkeley, California University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Arthur S. Walters, MD Professor of Neurology Mehdi Tafti, PhD Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Associate Professor in Genomics Nashville, Tennessee Center for Integrative Genomics University of Lausanne Antonio Zadra, PhD Lausanne, Switzerland Professor, Department of Psychology Université de Montréal, Researcher Michael J. Thorpy, MD Center for the Study of Sleep and Biological Rhythms Professor of Neurology Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal Albert Einstein College of Medicine Montréal, Québec, Canada Director, Sleep-Wake Disorders Center Montefiore Medical Center Michael Zupancic, MD Bronx, New York Pacific Sleep Medicine San Diego, California Thaddeus S. Walczak, MD Clinical Professor of Neurology Department of Neurology University of Minnesota Staff Epileptologist, MINCEP Epilepsy Care Attending Physician, Abbott Northwestern Hospital Minneapolis, Minnesota
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