Medical management of radiation accidents PDF
Preview Medical management of radiation accidents
Second Edition MMeeddiiccaall MMaannaaggeemmeenntt of Radiation Accidents 7004_FM_fm Page 3 Friday, February 2, 2001 7:45 PM Second Edition MMeeddiiccaall MMaannaaggeemmeenntt of Radiation Accidents Edited by Igor A. Gusev, D. Biol. Angelina K. Guskova, M.D., PH.D Fred A. Mettler, Jr., M.D., M.P.H. CRC Press Boca Raton London New York Washington, D.C. 7004_FM_fm Page 4 Friday, February 2, 2001 7:45 PM Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Medical management of radiation accidents / edited by Igor A. Gusev, Angelina K. Guskova, Fred A. Mettler, Jr.—2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8493-7004-3 (alk. paper) 1. Radiation injuries. 2. Nuclear accidents. I. Guskova, A. K. (Angelina Konstantinovna) II. Mettler, Fred A. (Fred Albert), 1907-III. Title. RC93 .G87 2001 617.1'24—dc21 00-052909 CIP This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the consequences of their use. Neither this book nor any part may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. All rights reserved. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use, or the personal or internal use of specific clients, may be granted by CRC Press LLC, provided that $.50 per page photocopied is paid directly to Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA. The fee code for users of the Transactional Reporting Service is ISBN 0-8493-7004-3/01/$0.00+$.50. The fee is subject to change without notice. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. The consent of CRC Press LLC does not extend to copying for general distribution, for promotion, for creating new works, or for resale. Specific permission must be obtained in writing from CRC Press LLC for such copying. Direct all inquiries to CRC Press LLC, 2000 N.W. Corporate Blvd., Boca Raton, Florida 33431. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation, without intent to infringe. Visit the CRC Press Web site at www.crcpress.com © 2001 by CRC Press LLC No claim to original U.S. Government works International Standard Book Number 0-8493-7004-3 Library of Congress Card Number 00-052909 Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 Printed on acid-free paper 7004_FM_fm Page 5 Friday, February 2, 2001 7:45 PM Dedication This book is dedicated to the pioneers in radiation medicine who not only discovered the funda- mental principles, but also taught us and others so that there would be a better understanding of the basic mechanisms of radiation medicine, as well as better treatment of radiation accident patients. 7004_FM_fm Page 6 Friday, February 2, 2001 7:45 PM 7004_FM_fm Page 7 Friday, February 2, 2001 7:45 PM Preface This is the second edition of Medical Management of Radiation Accidents. The first edition was published in 1990 and was predominantly concerned with radiation accident experiences in the United States. The second edition is substantially different. It represents an international cooperative effort. The majority of the work is a Russian–American effort; however, there are also authors from Austria, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Japan, and Peru. The material reflects current international approaches and experiences related to the medical management of radiation accidents as we begin a new millennium. The book is organized into five broad areas. The first area deals with the fundamental aspects of radiation accidents, their medical characteristics, and their classification. The second area is concerned with the fundamental aspects of radiation on the entire body and specific tissues. This will provide a complete reference and, should an accident occur, the reader would not have to refer to additional texts. The third area includes chapters on the history of accidents in various countries throughout the world. The fourth area endeavors to give a general overview of a certain type of accident and to present specific examples, which we feel have major teaching points. Some of the accident examples are historical and others are very recent. We have not included details of accidents that did not possess significant medical teaching points (such as the Three Mile Island Accident in the United States). The fifth area covered in the middle of the book deals with criticality, industrial irradiators, industrial radiography, local radiation injury, radiation therapy, and internal contamina- tion accidents and their management. There are many excellent descriptions of individual accidents in the literature (for example, by the International Atomic Energy Agency) but we hope that, with this text alone, the reader will be able to find an example of virtually any type of radiation accident and use the material as a basis to manage accidents in the future. The final portion of the book includes a section on the follow-up of persons accidentally exposed to radiation with considerations related to epidemiological studies and a few selected examples. Finally, there are chapters on radiation protection and dosimetry issues, psychological consider- ations, and accidental exposure of pregnant women. There are six appendices that include sample hospital protocols, a list of World Health Orga- nization radiation accident centers, conversion and absorbed dose tables, specifics of radionuclides, and a glossary. We hope our readers will find this a useful text. Igor A. Gusev Angelina K. Guskova Fred A. Mettler, Jr. Editors 7004_FM_fm Page 8 Friday, February 2, 2001 7:45 PM 7004_FM_fm Page 9 Friday, February 2, 2001 7:45 PM Acknowledgments We would like to acknowledge the extensive editorial assistance of Charlotte Hendrix and the photographic artistry of Joseph Tafoya in the preparation of this manuscript. We also recognize the work of a vast number of our colleagues throughout the world that has resulted in scientific publications that provide the foundation for this text. Finally, the scientific and editorial comments of George Voelz were extremely valuable.
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