Medical informatics for medical school students in EnglishL: lecture course

56 Pages·2020·15.247 MB·Russian

by  Коллектив авторов

MINISTRY OF HEALTH OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERADION
FSBEI HE «IZHEVSK STATE MEDICAL ACADEMY»
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND HEALTHCARE
MEDICAL INFORMATICS
FOR MEDICAL SCHOOL STUDENTS
IN ENGLISH
Lecture course
Izhevsk
2020
UDC 614.1:681.324 (075.8)
BBC 51.1 (2) + 32.973.2
Mi 65
Compiled by:
S. B. Ponomarev - Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Professor of the de­
partment; N. M. Popova - Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Head of the de­
partment
Reviewed by:
V. N. Saveliev - Doctor of Medicine, Professor of the Public Health and
Healthcare department of the FSBEI HE «Izhevsk State Medical Academy»,
Honorable Scientist of the Udmurt Republic, active member of the Interna­
tional Informatization Academy, Honorable Doctor of the Russian Federa­
tion; E.Yu. Shkatova - Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Head of the Depart­
ment of Disaster Medicine and Life Safety of the FSBEI HE «Izhevsk State
Medical Academy»; P.Yu. Petrusevitch - Candidate of Pedagogy, Senior
Teacher jf the Foreign Languages department of the FSBEI HE «Izhevsk
State Medical Academy»
Recommended by the Central Coordinating Advisory Council
FSBEI HE «Izhevsk State Medical Academy»
Medical informatics for medical school students in English
Mi 65 / Compiled by S. B. Ponomarev, N. M. Popova. - Izhevsk, 2020. - 56 p.
The course of lectures is devoted to the study of medical informatics and sta­
tistical analysis using information technology. The course is intended for 1st, 3rd
and 4th year students of all faculties of the medical university.
The course is intended for students of the 1, 3 and 4 year of all medical uni­
versity faculties.
UDC 614.1:681.324 (075.8)
BBC 51.1 (2) + 32.973.2
© FSBEI HE «Izhevsk State Medical Academy», 2020.
© S. B. Ponomarev, N. M. Popova. Compilation, 2020.
LECTION 1
Slide 1
Medical informatics
The strategical direction of health care system modernization is the im­
proving the availability and quality of medical care, increasing the effective­
ness of system. In this case, a special role is given to medical informatics.
машинописное бюро секретариат диагноз
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Slide 3
The goal of medical informatics is optimization of information process­
es in medicine through the use of computer technology, aimed at improving
the quality of public health.
Slide 4
Slide 5
Base of medicine informatization
Constitution of the Russian Federation of 12.12.1993,
The Russians federal law «Citizens in the Russian Federation Health
care Basics principals»
The Russians federal law «Sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the
population»
International standard Health Level Seven (HL7) and state standards
based on this standard
Existing legal acts and rules
Slide 6
The informatization of medical activity takes it to a qualitatively new
level, allowing to integrate medical information systems of different class­
es, which form a common information space.
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Slide 7
The effectiveness of the medical service in case of its informatiza­
tion is increased by:
• compact information storage (use of databases and knowledge bases);
• increasing the information transfer speed;
• decrease in labor costs when searching and processing information;
• Multiple user access to information.
Slide 8
The quality Improving of the medical services while using the mecha-
nismes of informatization is achieved by:
1.increase the volume of stored information;
2. increasing the speed of information finding by key criteria;
3. systematization of information;
4. better information processing capabilities;
5. synthesis of new information based on existing data.
Slide 9
The main problems of medicine informatization are the next:
• bad regulation of processes and their dependence on the human factor;
• duplication of analysis functions and collection of information;
• lack of uniform information repositories and centralized databases
for various subject areas of activity;
• the fragmentation of the workflow due to the lack of a common reposi­
tory of information in different subject areas.
Slide 10
The information environment can be divided into the following compo­
nents:
The hardware complex that includes the equipment of mobile and sta­
tionary servers and workstations, peripheral equipment, network equipment
with telecommunication channels;
Software systems consisting of system, application and tool software
with different types of licenses.
The staff, which is responsible for the formation and development of
the information models, administration and maintenance of the software
and hardware complexis.
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Slide 11
The primary element in the medicine computerization process is the
medical information system.
The medical information system is the organized collection of electronic
documents and information technologies that support the information pro­
cesses in medical activities.
A medical information system is a complex set of tools and technologies.
including computing and communication equipment, software, linguistic
tools, information resources, as well as system personnel.
Slide 12
In a broad sense, a medical information system is a combination of techni­
cal, software, medical and organizational support, as well as personnel, de­
signed to provide users with the necessary information in a timely manner.
In a narrow sense, a medical information system is a combination of in­
formation contained in databases and the information technologies and
technical means providing it for medical purposes.
Slide 13
e s s e n tia l re q u ire m e n ts
The medical information system has the following important automation
requirements for healthcare facilities:
Single entry, reuse of information
Work with electronic documents, not spreadsheets
Ability to print, send by e-mail, export to other IP or media of any
documents
Close (preferably invisible to the user) integration of all subsystems with
each other
Automation of routine operations
Save time, simplify work with documents
Slide 14
The main goal of medical information systems is to provide information
support for the various tasks of providing medical care to the population,
managing medical institutions and providing information to the healthcare
system
Slide 15
The medical information system solves the following problems:
• improving the quality of the work of medical staff and healthcare in­
stitutions;
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• elimination of labor-intensive, ineffective processes of manual pro­
cessing and analysis of medical data;
• the effective information exchange with other information systems.
Slide 16
The medical information system includes:
• Information Support,
• Mathematical models
• Software,
• Organizational support
• Legal support
• Technical support,
• Medical support.
Slide 17
Information support is a combination of a unified system of classifica­
tion and coding of information, unified documentation systems, schemes
of information flows circulating in an organization, as well as a methodol­
ogy for building databases.
Technical support is a complex of technical means intended for the op­
eration of a medical information system, as well as relevant documentation
for these means and technological processes.
Slide 18
Mathematical and software is a combination of mathematical methods,
models, algorithms and programs for realizing the goals and objectives of
a medical information system, as well as the normal functioning of a set of
hardware.
Organizational support is a set of methods and means that regulate
the interaction of staff with technical means and among themselves in the
process of developing and operating a medical information system.
Slide 19
Legal support is a set of legal norms that determine the creation, legal
status and functioning of information systems that govern the procedure for
obtaining, converting and using information.
Medical support is a combination of medical technologies and medical
knowledge necessary for the normal functioning of a medical information
system.
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Slide 20
According to the Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Develop­
ment of the Russian Federation dated April 28, 2011 No. 364, the unified
state information system in the field of healthcare (EGISZ) is a combination
of information technology and technical means that provide information
support for the methodological and organizational support of the activities
of participants in the healthcare system.
Until December 31, 2024, it is planned to create EGISZ
For these purposes, in 2019, 11 875 535.5 thousand rubles are allocated,
and in 2020-39 962 963.2 thousand rubles (nearly 40 hundred billions)
Slide 21
Slide 22
Basic level medical information systems - for practical doctors and para­
medics
a) information and reference systems (to search for medical information
at the request of the user),
b) consultative and diagnostic systems (for the diagnosis of pathological
conditions, including the prognosis and development of recommendations
on treatment methods for diseases of various profiles),
c) instrument-computer systems (for information support and/or automa­
tion of the diagnostic and treatment process, carried out in contact with the
patient’s body),
d) automated workplaces of specialists (to automate the technological
process of a doctor-specialist and providing information support when mak­
ing diagnostic and tactical medical decisions)
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Slide 23
Medical information systems at the level of medical institutions
a) information systems of advisory centers (information support of doc­
tors in counseling, diagnosis and decision-making in emergency situations),
b) information banks of medical services (contain summary data about
staff, the attached population, basic statistical information, characteristics
of service areas and other necessary information),
c) personified registers (containing information on the observed contin­
gent based on a formalized medical history or outpatient card),
d) screening systems (for conducting a pre-medical preventive examina­
tion of the population, as well as for identifying risk groups and patients
who need the help of the specialist),
e) information systems of a medical institution (based on the combina­
tion of all information flows into a single system and provide automation
of various activities of the institution),
f) information systems of research institutes and medical universities
(they solve 3 main tasks: informatization of the technological process of
training, research and management)
Slide 24
Territorial Medical Information Systems
a) Information systems of the territorial Ministry of health; b) Informa­
tion systems for solving medical and technological problems, providing in­
formation support for the activities of medical workers of specialized medi­
cal services; c) Computer telecommunication medical networks that ensure
the creation of a single information space at the regional level.
LECTION 2
Slide 1
Medical instrumentation and computer systems
Medical instrumentation and computer systems - are complex of soft­
ware and hardware systems that work in direct contact with the object of
study in real time.
Анализаторы
Контрольные браслеты
со штрих-кодом
'камеры штрих-кода
Slide 2
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