Medic First Aid BasicPlus Manual G2010

101 Pages·2011·13.67 MB·English

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Guide –
BasicPlus
CPR, AED, and
First Aid For Adults
BasicPlus
CPR, AED, and First Aid For Adults
Student Guide
Version 7.0
Purpose of this Guide
This MEDIC First Aid BasicPlus Version 7.0
Student Guideis solely intended to facilitate cer-
tification in a MEDIC First Aid BasicPlus CPR,
AED, and First Aid training class. The information
in this guide is furnished for that purpose and is
subject to change without notice.
MEDIC First Aid certification may only be issued
when a MEDIC First Aid-authorized Instructor ver-
ifies a student has successfully completed the
required core knowledge and skill objectives of
the program.
Notice of Rights
No part of this MEDIC First Aid BasicPlus
Version 7.0 Student Guidemay be reproduced or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic
or mechanical, including photocopying and record-
ing, or by any information storage and retrieval sys-
tem, without written permission from MEDIC FIRST
AID International, Inc. Some images used under
license ©2006 Custom Medical Stock Photo.
Trademarks
MEDIC First Aid and the MEDIC First Aid logo
are registered trademarks of MEDIC FIRST AID
International, Inc.
MEDIC FIRST AID International, Inc.
1450 Westec Drive
Eugene, OR 97402
800-447-3177 (cid:0)541-344-7099
E-mail: [email protected]
Visit our website at hsi.com/medicfirstaid
Copyright © 2011 by MEDIC FIRST AID International, Inc.
All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United States of America
First Edition—2011
MEDIC First Aid is a member of the HSI family of brands.
ISBN 978-936515-22-6 ART2103 (6/11)
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Table of Contents
Table of Contents
The First Aid Provider Automated External Defibrillators... 28
The First Aid Provider .................... 1 Basic AED Operation .................... 29
Legal Considerations .................... 3 Using an AED
Recognizing an Emergency Skill Sheet 9 ................................... 30
and Deciding to Help ................. 4 Troubleshooting ............................. 31 d.
Personal Safety ............................. 6 Other Considerations .................... 32 bite
Disease Transmission and hi
Universal Precautions ................ 7 Foreign Body Airway Obstruction pro
Removing Contaminated Gloves Choking ......................................... 33 n is
EmSekirllg Sehnecety 1 M..e..d..i.c..a..l .S...e..r.v..ic..e..s........... 9 ChSokkilli nSghe et 10 ................................. 34 butio
(EMS) ......................................... 10 First Aid Assessment distri
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Sudden Cardiac Arrest Primary Assessment — o
ReSsypsirtaetmorsy .a..n..d.. .C...i.r.c..u..la..t.o...r.y............. 12 PriRmeasrpyo Ansssivees sPmeresnotn — .................... 35 classro
Sudden Cardiac Arrest .................. 13 Responsive Person or
Early Defibrillation ......................... 14 Skill Sheet 11 ................................. 36 g f
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Chain of Survival ........................... 15 Secondary Assessment ................ 37 nti
Secondary Assessment pri
Basic CPR Skills Skill Sheet 12 ................................. 36 Re
y.
Chest Compressions ..................... 16 Caring for Serious Injury onl
Chest Compressions e
Skill Sheet 2 ................................... 17 CCoonnttrrooll ooff BBlleeeeddiinngg ....................... 40 al us
Rescue Breaths ............................. 18 u
Rescue Breaths — CPR Mask Skill Sheet 13 ................................. 41 vid
Internal Bleeding ........................... 42 di
Skill Sheet 3 ................................... 20 n
Rescue Breaths — CPR Shield Managing Shock ........................... 43 or i
Skill Sheet 4 ................................... 21 Head, Neck, or Back Injury ........... 44 ne f
Primary Assessment — Brain Injury .................................... 45 nli
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Unresponsive Person ................ 22 Spinal Motion Restriction d
Primary Assessment — Skill Sheet 14 ................................. 46 de
Unresponsive Person Swollen, Painful, Deformed Limb ... 47 ovi
Skill Sheet 5 ................................... 23 SwSoklillle Snh,e Peta 1in5fu..l.,. .D..e..f.o..r.m...e..d.. .L..i.m...b...... 48 e is pr
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Basic Life Support Care ui
Unresponsive and Breathing ......... 24 Burns g g
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Unresponsive and Breathing — Burns ............................................. 49 ni
RSkeilcl Sohveeert y6 P..o..s..i.t.io...n.. ...................... 25 Caring for Sudden Illness his trai
Unresponsive and Not Breathing... 26 Warning Signs of Sudden Illness ... 51 T
Unresponsive and Altered Mental Status .................... 52
Not Breathing — CPR Stroke ............................................ 53
Skill Sheet 7 ................................... 27 Diabetic Emergencies ................... 54
BasicPlus CPR, AED, and First Aid for Adults i
Table of Contents
Seizure ........................................... 55 Specific First Aid Topics —
Breathing Difficulty, Shortness Specific Injuries
of Breath .................................... 56
Caring for Specific First Aid
Asthma .......................................... 57 Problems ................................... 70
Severe Allergic Reaction ............... 58 Amputation .................................... 71
Pain, Severe Pressure, or Impaled Object .............................. 72
Discomfort in the Chest ............. 59
Open Chest Injury ......................... 73
This tra PoSiesvoenrei nAgbdominal Pain ................. 61 IOmppeanl eAdb Odobmjecinta iln I nthjuer yE y..e.. ........................... 7754
inin Ingested Poisoning ........................ 62 Chemicals in the Eye ..................... 76
g g Inhaled Poisoning .......................... 63 Nosebleed ..................................... 77
uid Injured Tooth .................................. 78
e is pro EnHveiarot Enxmhaeunsttiaoln E ..m....e..r..g..e...n..c...i.e..s..... 64 PBriteegsn aanndc yS Ctinogmsp .li.c..a..t.i.o..n..s.. ........................... 8709
vid Heat Stroke ................................... 65 Snakebites ..................................... 81
ed Hypothermia .................................. 66 Spider Bites ................................... 82
on Frostbite ........................................ 67 Stinging Insects ............................. 83
lin Tick Bites ....................................... 84
e
fo Additional Considerations Marine Animal Stings .................... 85
r in Emergency Moves ......................... 68 Human and Animal Bites ............... 86
d
iv Emotional Considerations ............. 69
id References and End Notes...... 87
u
a
l use Glossary....................................... 89
o
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ly. R Class Evaluation ........................ 93
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ii BasicPlus CPR, AED, and First Aid for Adults
The First Aid Provider
The First Aid Provider
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At work, injuries and illnesses kill about 2.2 million people in the world each year.i u
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Unintentional injury is the leading cause of death in the United States for individ- divi
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uals younger than 44 years of age. On average, 15 workers die each day in the or i
U.S. from traumatic injuries, and more than four million workers suffer a nonfatal e f
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injury or illness each year.ii nli
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In the U.S., about one-third of all injuries and 20 percent of injury deaths occur e
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at home. For every home injury death there are about 650 nonfatal home injuries.iii ovi
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Safe practices at work, home, and play can prevent many injuries, illnesses, and e is
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deaths. However, once injury or sudden illness has occurred, effective first aid ui
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can make the difference between a rapid or prolonged recovery, a temporary or g
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permanent disability, and even life or death. ni
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The Occupational Safety and Health Administration, or OSHA, defines first aid his tr
as “emergency care provided for injury or sudden illness before professional T
emergency medical treatment becomes available.”
BasicPlus CPR, AED, and First Aid for Adults 1
The First Aid Provider
A first aid provider is some-
one trained in the delivery of
initial emergency procedures,
using limited equipment to
perform a primary assess-
ment and intervention until
Th Emergency Medical Services,
is tra or EMS personnel arrive. The
in essential responsibilities of a
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ide (cid:0) Recognizing a medical
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ed help
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fo (cid:0) Activating the EMS system
r in (cid:0) Providing supportive, basic first aid care
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u The goal of this training is to help you gain the knowledge, skills, and confidence
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o First aid does not require making complex decisions or having in-depth medical
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2 BasicPlus CPR, AED, and First Aid for Adults
The First Aid Provider
Legal Considerations
S
ome people fear being sued as a result of performing first aid in an emergency.
Understanding more about the legalities can help reduce this fear.
All states have passed what are greater emergency medical training d.
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known as “Good Samaritan laws” to takes over. If you are alone, it is okay bit
help encourage bystanders to assist to leave to activate EMS, but return to ohi
ttehcots aen iyno nneee wd.h Toh:ese laws help pro- the person as soon as you can. n is pr
(cid:0) wVoitlhuonutat reilyx ppercotvinidge so ra ascscisetapnticneg, lpTahewressruoei nth ianps rt ohnveei dUviennrig teb defi erSsntt a atae isdsu acignca eignsossoftu dal distributio
compensation, faith. Still, it is appropriate to use m
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(cid:0) Is reasonable and common sense: assr
prudent, (cid:0) Activate EMS immediately. or cl
(cid:0) Does not provide care beyond (cid:0) If the scene is unsafe, do not g f
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the training received, and enter! nti
(cid:0) Is not “grossly negligent,” or (cid:0) Ask a responsive person for epri
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completely careless, in deliver- permission before giving care. y.
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ing emergency care. o
(cid:0) Never attempt skills that e
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Good Samaritan laws vary slightly exceed your training. al
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from state to state. Become familiar (cid:0) And, once you have started, vid
with the laws in your state and other don’t stop until someone with ndi
states where you work or travel. equal or greater training or i
Everyone has the right to refuse med- relieves you. nline f
ical treatment. It is appropriate to ask o
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a responsive person if they de
want help before providing Other Legal Considerations ovi
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care. When a person is or Duty to Act — A pre-determined requirement to e is
becomes unresponsive, the d
provide care, typically by job description (such as ui
legal concept of “implied firefighter, police officer, or lifeguard) or by g g
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consent” allows a provider to relationship (such as parent or guardian). In general, ni
hit ealpss wuimtheosu tth aes kpienrgs,o bne wcaouuslde rae qfiursirte adi db yt rdauintye,d t op aecrst.on is encouraged, but not his trai
agree to be helped if respon- Negligence — Occurs when someone is caused T
further harm due to care that did not meet the
sive.
expected standard of someone with a duty to act.
Once care has begun, and it Assault and Battery— Placing a person in fear of
is safe to do so, remain with bodily harm. Forcing care on a person against his
wishes may be considered grounds for this.
an ill or injured person until
someone with equal or
BasicPlus CPR, AED, and First Aid for Adults 3
The First Aid Provider
Recognizing an Emergency and
Deciding to Help
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r c when you first observe an emergency scene. This impression can help guide you
lassro in your approach.
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m If injured, how was the person injured? Injuries occur from physical force against
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istrib tnhisem b oodf yI.n Tjuhrey. mMaencnhearn iins mwsh icthha tth tarat nfosrfceer scirgenaitfeicsa annt fionrjucrey aisre c baellesdt athsseu Mmeecdh ato-
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tio result in serious injury until proven otherwise.
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is p Does the person appear to be unresponsive? A person who is not moving and
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h appears to have collapsed can be in a life-threatening condition known as sudden
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ite cardiac arrest. Your immediate assessment and care can be his or her only
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. chance for survival.
The most critical decision you will make is whether to get involved when a medical
emergency has occurred. It is normal to feel hesitant because you are unsure of
your ability to help.
4 BasicPlus CPR, AED, and First Aid for Adults
The First Aid Provider
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(cid:0) You might hesitate because you feel like you are alone in helping. You are onl
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only the first link in a pro gressive chain of emergency care. Your involve- us
ment lasts only until relieved by another first aid provider or responding ual
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EMS providers — in most cases, a very short period of time. vi
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(cid:0) You might hesitate for fear of making things worse. Your basic first aid or i
training provides you with sound knowledge and skills designed only to e f
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help — and not harm — those in need. nli
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(cid:0) You might also hesitate because you think you don’t have a lot of medical d
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knowledge. Extensive medical knowledge is not necessary. First aid skills vi
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are based on common sense and simple, effective procedures that can be pr
easily learned and safely applied. e is
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(cid:0) Finally, you might hesitate because others have already stopped to help. It gui
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never hurts to see if additional assistance is needed. Other bystanders n
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may not have any first aid training or may be hesitant to provide care. ai
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BasicPlus CPR, AED, and First Aid for Adults 5