Mechanisms of Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity PDF
Preview Mechanisms of Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity
MECHANISMS OF CELL-MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY ADV ANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY Editorial Board: NATHAN BACK, State University of New York at Buffalo NICHOLAS R. DI LUZIO, Tulane University School of Medicine EPHRAIM KA TCHALSKI-KATZIR, The Weizmann Institute of Science DA VID KRITCHEVSKY, Wistar Institute ABEL LAJTHA, Rockland Research Institute RODOLFO PAOLETTI, University of Milan Recent Volumes in this Series Volume 137 THE RUMINANT IMMUNE SYSTEM Edited by John E. Butler Volume 138 HORMONES AND CANCER Edited by Wendell W. Leavitt Volume 139 TAURINE IN NUTRITION AND NEUROLOGY Edited by Ryan Huxtable and Herminia Pasantes-Morales Volume 140 COMPOSITION AND FUNCTION OF CELL MEMBRANES: Application to the Pathophysiology of Muscle Diseases Edited by Stewart Wolf and Allen K. Murray Volume 141 BIOCHEMISTR Y AND FUNCTION OF PHAGOCYTES Edited by F. Rossi and P. Patriarca Volume 142 BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY OF CORONA VIRUSES Edited by V. ter Meulen, S. Siddell, and H. Wege Volume 143 RELAXIN Edited by Ralph R. Anderson Volume 144 MUCUS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE II Edited by Eric N. Chantler, James B. Elder, and Max Eistein Volume 145 TERMINAL TRANSFERASE IN IMMUNOBIOLOGY AND LEUKEMIA Edited by Umberto Bertazzoni and Fred J. Bollum Volume 146 MECHANISMS OF CELL-MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY Edited by William R. Clark and Pierre Goistein MECHANISMS OF CELL-MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY Edited by William R. Clark University of California Los Angeles, California and Pierre Golstein Centre d'Immunologie INSERM-CNRS de Marseille-Luminy Marseille, France PLENUM PRESS • NEW YORK AND LONDON Ubrary of Congress CatalogiDa in Publication Data International Workshop on Mechanisms in Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity (1st: 1981: Carry-Ie-Rouet, France) Mechanisms of cell-mediated cytotoxicity. (Advances in experimental medicine and bioIOIY ". 146) "Proceedinp of the Fmt International Workshop on Mechanisms in eell-Mec:liated Cytotoxicity, held September 14-16, 1981, in Carry-Ie-Rouet, France"-T.p. YCnO. Includes bib60graphical references and index. 1. Cellular immunity-Congresses. 2. Cell-mediated Iympholysis-Congresses. 3. Killer cells-Congresses. 4. Cell death-Congresses. I. Clark, William R., 1938- . II. Golstein, Pierre, 1939- III. Title. IV. Series. [DNLM: 1. Cytotoxicity, Immunologic-Congresses. WI AD559 v. 146 / QW 568 162 1981m) QRI85.S.IS7 1982 616.07'9 82-5312 ISBN 978-1-4684-8961-3 ISBN 978-1-4684-8959-0 (eBook) AACR2 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4684-8959-0 Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Mechanisms in Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity, held September 14-16, 1981, in Carry-Ie-Rouet, France ©1982 Plenum Press, New York Softcover reprint oftbe hardcover 1st edition 1982 A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation 233 Spring Street, New York, N.Y. 10013 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, micrordming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the PubUsher The following organizations provided financial support for this Workshop. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (through a CNRS/ NSF agreement) Delegation Generale a la Recherche Scientifique et Technlque National Cancer Institute Grand Island Biological Company E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company Merck, Sharpe and Dome Research Laboratories Pfizer, Inc. The Upjohn Company v PREFACE The First International Workshop on Mechanisms in Cell-Mediated Cytoxicity was held at Carry-Ie-Rouet, France, September 14-16, 1981. The Workshop brought together for the first time leading investiga tors in each of the principal areas of cell-mediated cytotoxicity, as well as experts in the area of complement-mediated cytoxicity. Formal research presentations were held to a minimum, the emphasis being on open discussion of current knowledge about mechanisms of cytoxicity in each of the systems under consideration. The major objectives of the Workshop were 1) to compare and integrate what is known about the mechanism(s) of cytoxicity in each system; 2) to determine whether, on the basis of information in hand, it seems likely that the mechanisms of cytotoxicity in the various systems are the same or are unique; and 3) to stimulate thinking about new approaches to elucidating the fundamental mechanisms by which certain cells are able to kill other cells. This volume is intended as something more than a simple report or record of the Workshop. Various participants were asked to write either a review on a given topic, or a more detailed specific account of relevant current research. The mass of formal presentation in this volume thus far exceeds the amount of formal presentation that actually occurred. Each author has been encouraged to engage in a bit more speculation about possible mechanisms than might be approp riate for a standard research journal. Moreover, because most of the time in the various sessions was spent in open discussion we have tried to capture some of that flavor by appending portions of these discussions after papers, where appropriate. This may convey some impression of how at least some of us defend our present-day uncertainties. Clearly a meeting of this scope could not have happened with out the efforts and talents of a good many people. Gideon Berke helped formulate the original concept of a Workshop devoted exclus ively to cell-mediated cytotoxicity. The Organizing Committee (G. Berke, M. Bevan, M. Hanna, P. Henkart, C. Henney, H.R. MacDonald, E. Martz) contributed valuable ideas about organization of the Workshop, potential participants, publication of the proceedings, etc. We would also like to express our appreciation to A.-M. Schmitt-Verhulst for her work with the local Organizing Committee, viii PREFACE and to other participants who agreed to chair the various sessions not covered by members of the Organizing Committee (B. Bonavida, I.C.M. Maclennan, M. Mayer, P. Perlmann, E. Simpson). Their help and indeed that of the all participants contributed greatly to the success of the Workshop. We hope that this book will provide not only a snapshot of the present state of the art, but an account of how a relatively small group of workers tries to tackle an apparently well-defined but difficult experimental problem. The aim of the book is to realize the first goal of the Workshop: to compare and integrate what is known about mechanisms of cytotoxicity. Whether the Work shop achieved its remaining two aims we leave to the reader of this volume to evaluate. CONTENTS SECTION I. LYSIS BY CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTES: MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS Introduction 1 Morphological Aspects of Lymphocyte Mediated Cytotoxicity • • • • • • • • • • 3 C.J. Sanderson Role of Cell Motility in the Activity of Cytolytic T Lymphocytes •••••• 23 J.-E. Ryser and P. Vassalli Discussion • • • • • • • • 35 Cytolytic T Lymphocyte Recognition of Subcellular An.tigen . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . 41 M.F. Mescher, S.P. Balk, S.J. Burakoff, and S. H. Herrmann T Lymphocyte-Mediated Cytolysis - A Comprehensive Theory. I. The Mechanism of CTL-Mediated Cytolysis • • • • • • • • • • • • 57 G. Berke and W.R. Clark T Lymphocyte-Mediated Cytolysis - A Comprehensive Theory. II. Lytic vs. Nonlytic Interactions of T Lymphocytes • • • 69 W.R. Clark and G. Berke Discussion • • • • • 75 Studies on the Mechanism of Lectin-Dependent T Cell Mediated Cytolysis: Use of Lens culinaris Hemagglut:fnin A to Def:fne the Role of Lectin • 81 W.R. Green Effects of Concanavalin A Pretreatment on Cloned Cytolytic T Cells • • • • • 101 K.A. Wall and F.W. Fitch ix x CONTENTS Sequential Analysis of T Cell-Mediated Cytolysis: A Brief Reminder of Some Possibly Informa tive Markers at the Recognition and Lethal Hit Stages ill P. Golstein Discussion 119 The Role of Calcium in the Lethal Hit of T Lymphocyte-Mediated Cytolysis • • • • • • • • •• 121 E. Martz, W.L. Parker, M.K. Gately, and C.D. Tsoukas Discussion 145 Direct Analysis of Individual Killer T Cells: Susceptibility of Target Cells to Lysis and Secretion of Hydrolytic Enzymes by CTL 149 D. Zagury Discussion • • . • • . • • . • . • 165 The Differences in Receptor Cross Reactivity and Clonal Structure between Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes, Specific Suppressor T Cells and Memory T Cells Immune to Antigens of the H-2 Complex •••• • • 171 B.D. Brondz, I.F. Abron in a , Z.K. Blandova, A.V. Karaulov, and A.A. Pimenov SECTION II. LYSIS BY NON-T CELLS AND BY COMPLEMENT Introduction • • •• 191 Complement Membrane Attack by Complement (With Comments on Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity) • • • • 193 M.M. Mayer Discussion • • • • • • • 217 ADCC Lymphocyte Mediated Cytolysis as a Secretory Pheu.OJDeD.on. • • • • • • • • • 227 M.P. Henkart and P.A. Henkart Discussion 243 Associative Recognition in ADCC 249 P. Perlmann
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