Mechademia 4: War/Time PDF
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4 m e c h a d e m i a War/Time Mechademia An Annual Forum for Anime, Manga, and Fan Arts frenchy lunning, editor Mechademia is a series of books published by the University of Minnesota Press devoted to creative and critical work on anime, manga, and the fan arts. Linked through their specific but complex aesthetic, anime, manga, and the fan arts have influenced a wide array of contemporary and historical culture through design, art, film, and gaming. This series seeks to examine, discuss, theorize, and reveal this unique style through its historic Japanese origins and its ubiquitous global presence manifested in popular and gallery culture. Each book is organized around a particular narrative aspect of anime and manga; these themes are sufficiently provocative and broad in interpretation to allow for creative and insightful investigations of this global artistic phenomenon. Mechademia 1 Emerging Worlds of Anime and Manga Mechademia 2 Networks of Desire Mechademia 3 Limits of the Human Mechademia 4 War/Time 4 m e c h a d e m i a War/Time Frenchy Lunning, Editor university of Minnesota press minneapolis • london http://www.mechademia.org Spot illustrations by Joshua Eull “Ninja, Hidden Christians, and the Two Ferreiras: On Endō Shūsaku and Yamada Fūtarō” was previously published as “Futari no Fereira: Yamada Fūtarō ron,” in Takayuki Tatsumi, Nihon henryū bungaku (Japanese slipstream literature) (Tokyo: Shinchōsha, 1998). Copyright 2009 by the Regents of the University of Minnesota All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Published by the University of Minnesota Press 111 Third Avenue South, Suite 290 Minneapolis, MN 55401-2520 http://www.upress.umn.edu ISSN: 1934-2489 ISBN: 978-0-8166-6749-9 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper The University of Minnesota is an equal-opportunity educator and employer. 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Mechademia Editorial Staff Frenchy Lunning, Editor-in-Chief Michelle Ollie, Associate Editor Thomas Lamarre, Associate Editor Christopher Bolton, Associate Editor Timothy Perper, Review and Commentary Editor Martha Cornog, Review and Commentary Editor Brian Ruh, Research Editor Editorial Board Nora Paul Brent Allison Gilles Poitras C. B. Cebulski Toshiya Ueno Patrick Drazen Theresa Winge Wendy Goldberg Mark J. P. Wolf Pamela Gossin Wendy Siuyi Wong Marc Hairston Trish Ledoux Production John A. Lent Michael Baxter Tom Looser Yuriko Furuhata Hajime Nakatani Andrea Horbinski Susan Napier Ursula Husted Abé Mark Nornes Yasuko Nakaegawa Contents ix Preface: War/Time THOMAS LAMARRE Legacies of Sovereignty 3 The Filmic Time of Coloniality: On Shinkai Makoto’s The Place Promised in Our Early Days GAVIN WALKER 20 Theorizing Manga: Nationalism and Discourse on the Role of Wartime Manga REI OKAMOTO INOUYE 39 Transcending the Victim’s History: Takahata Isao’s Grave of the Fireflies WENDY GOLDBERG Control Room 55 Gothic Politics: Oshii, War, and Life without Death TOM LOOSER 75 Oshii Mamoru’s Patlabor 2: Terror, Theatricality, and Exceptions That Prove the Rule MARK ANDERSON 111 Waiting for the Messiah: The Becoming-Myth of Evangelion and Densha otoko Christophe thouny 131 War by Metaphor in Densha otoko MiChael FisCh history/Memory 149 Imagined History, Fading Memory: Mastering Narrative in Final Fantasy X Dennis Washburn 164 Haunted Travelogue: Hometowns, Ghost Towns, and Memories of War MiChael Dylan Foster 183 Three Views of the Rising Sun, Obliquely: Keiji Nakazawa’s A-bomb, Osamu Tezuka’s Adolf, and Yoshinori Kobayashi’s Apologia sheng-Mei Ma 198 Virtual Creation, Simulated Destruction, and Manufactured Memory at the Art Mecho Museum in Second Life Christopher bolton genre Violence 213 Ninja, Hidden Christians, and the Two Ferreiras: On Endō Shūsaku and Yamada Fūtarō takayuki tatsuMi TRAnslATEd By sETh JACoBowiTz 225 Monsters at War: The Great Yōkai Wars, 1968–2005 Zília papp 241 From Jusuheru to Jannu: Girl Knights and Christian Witches in the Work of Miuchi Suzue rebeCCa suter Mobilization/Domestication 259 Empire through the Eyes of a Yapoo: Male Abjection in the Cult Classic Beast Yapoo Christine Marran 275 Nippon ex Machina: Japanese Postwar Identity in Robot Anime and the Case of UFO Robo Grendizer MarCo pellitteri 290 Kobayashi Yoshinori Is Dead: Imperial War / Sick Liberal Peace / Neoliberal Class War Mark DrisColl 305 Manga: A Comic Interlude from Darumasangakoronda, “Land Mine in Central Park” yoji sakate TRAnslATEd By MAnAMi shiMA ART By ChinAMi sAngo Review and Commentary 313 Two Phases of Japanese Illustrated Fiction 323 If Casshern Doesn’t Do It, Who Will? Charles shiro inouye Deborah shaMoon 315 Paradise Lost . . . and Found? 326 Psychoanalytic Cyberpunk Midsummer- paul jaCkson Night’s Dreamtime: Kon Satoshi’s Paprika tiMothy perper anD Martha Cornog 318 Molten Hot: Japanese Gal Subcultures and Fashions トレンド torendo theresa M. Winge 3 29 Interview with Murase Shūkō and Satō Dai 321 Monstrous Toys of Capitalism Deborah sCally, angela DruMMonD- brent allison MatheWs, anD MarC hairston 335 Contributors 3 38 Call for Papers This page intentionally left blank Preface thoMas laMarre wAr/tiMe In advanced consumer societies, we are used to thinking of war as a disrup- tion of the normal state of aff airs, as an irruption of irrational violence and destruction into an otherwise peaceful condition. Because we associate our peace with exhausting yet safety-enhanced cycles of production and con- sumption, we have become accustomed to thinking of war as the opposite of productivity—war as destruction in opposition to production, war as some- thing diff erent from the everyday violence of our workaday lives, which hap- pens at a distance, in other places and times, seen on screens. We are liable to acknowledge that war makes for profi ts, that there are and always have been war profi teers, but we are unlikely to grasp how the increasingly fragile pros- perity of the United States and its client states might be predicated upon war, because we still think war in opposition to peace, prosperity, productivity. But there are arguments for, and demonstrations of, a state of aff airs in which war constitutes the very ground of our productivity and prosperity. Chalmers Johnson, for instance, argues that the United States economy (and thus that of its client states) has become a form of military Keynesianism, in which “the making and selling of weaponry has become our way of life.”1 Simply put, war-related technologies and military bases are a major world- wide employer and growth industry, and a highly regulated one at that. On a related tack, Naomi Klein’s discussions of disaster capitalism have shown how contemporary American-articulated global capitalism deliberately builds ix
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