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Measurement of Nucleon-Nucleon Elastic Scattering at Small Angles using the ANKE spectrometer PDF

150 Pages·2016·2.61 MB·English
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Universität zu Forschungszentrum Jülich Tbilisi State Köln University Measurement of Nucleon-Nucleon Elastic Scattering at Small Angles using the ANKE spectrometer PhD Thesis by Zara Bagdasarian Supervisors: Hans Ströher (Universität zu Köln, FZJ) Nodar Lomidze (Tbilisi State University, HEPI) A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the PhD Degree in Physics under the joint supervision (Cotutelle) from University of Cologne and Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University February 5, 2016 Measurement of Nucleon-Nucleon Elastic Scattering at Small Angles using the ANKE spectrometer Inaugural-Disseration zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität zu Köln (im gemeinsamen Promotionsverfahren (Cotutelle) mit der Staatlichen Iwane-Dschawachischwili-Universität Tiflis) vorgelegt von Zara Bagdasarian aus Tiflis Berichterstatter: Prof. Dr. Hans Ströher, Dr. Nodar Lomidze Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 11.04.2016 ივანე ჯავახიშვილის სახელობის თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტი ზუსტ და საბუნებისმეტყველო მეცნიერებათა ფაკულტეტი სადოქტორო პროგრამა: “ფიზიკა” ზარა ბაღდასარიანი მცირე კუთხეებზე ნუკლონ-ნუკლონური დრეკადი გაბნევის შესწავლა ANKE სპექტრომეტრის გამოყენებით სადოქტორო დისერტაცია შესრულებულია ფიზიკის დოქტორის აკადემიური ხარისხის მოსაპოვებლად თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტს და კიოლნის უნივერსიტეტს (გერმანია) შორის ერთობლივი ხელმძღვანელობის (Cotutelle) შესახებ ხელშეკრულების ფარგლებში დისერტაციის ხელმძღვანელები: ჰანს შტროერი – კიოლნის უნივერსიტეტის პროფესორი, იულიხის კვლევითი ცენტრის ბირთვული ფიზიკის ინსტიტუტის დირექტორი ნოდარ ლომიძე – ფიზიკა-მათემატიკის მეცნიერებათა დოქტორი, თსუ მაღალი ენერგიების ფიზიკის ინსტიტუტის უფროსი მეცნიერ თანამშრომელი სადოქტრო პროგრამის ხელმძღვანელები: მერაბ ელიაშვილი მირიან ტაბიძე Abstract Afundamentalunderstandingofthenucleon-nucleoninteraction(NN)isoneofthe ultimate goals of nuclear and hadron physics. Apart from its intrinsic importance for the studyof nuclear forces, NN elasticscattering data is necessary, for example, in the modeling of meson production and other nuclear reactions at intermediate energies. Quantum chromodynamics, the theory of strong interactions, is not able to de- termine the NN interaction from first principles because of the non-perturbative nature at intermediate energies (coupling constant is too strong). Hence, the phenomenological approaches are necessary to describe the NN interaction. The partial wave analyses (PWA), e.g. the ones regularly performed by the SAID group, have proved to be truly invaluable tools over many years for researchers in this area. Such an analysis relies on the quantity and quality of the experimental measurements of various proton-proton (pp) and proton-neutron (pn) scattering observables at different energies over the full angular range. The goal of many experiments conducted at Cooler Synchrotron (COSY) has been to provide PWA with the essential precision measurements of NN observables. The experiments, presented in this thesis, have been carried out within the ANKE collaboration at COSY-Jülich, Germany. Data was obtained using polarised or unpolarised proton beam and unpolarised hydrogen or deuterium cluster-jet tar- gets. The ANKE spectrometer detection system is the ideal set-up for the precise measurements at small scattering angles that had not been priorly investigated. The thesis comprises the measurements of the analysing power A and differential y cross section dσ/dΩ in the pp elastic scattering, and preliminary results for the analysing power A in the pn quasi-free elastic scattering. These new precision y data close an important gap in the NN database at small scattering angles up to 30° and energies up to 2.8 GeV. The obtained results are compared to the predictions from the SAID PWA pub- lished in 2007 that are based on data from the previous experiments. The impact of the present results is demonstrated by the significant changes in the low partial waves of the updated SAID PWA, which includes the global data along with the new ANKE measurements. Zusammenfassung

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Zara Bagdasarian .. postulated to have spin −1/2, a fractional electric charge, and came in could induce fractional errors in Ay of up to 2.5%.
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