Mealybugs of the genus Rhodania Goux, 1934 (Homoptera: Coccinea: Pseudococcidae) from Russia and neighbouring countries

2011·0.24 MB·

by  I. A. Gavrilov-Zimin

ZOOSYSTEMATICA ROSSICA, 20(1): 40–44 28 JULY 2011
Mealybugs of the genus Rhodania Goux, 1934 (Homoptera:
Coccinea: Pseudococcidae) from Russia and neighbouring countries
Мучнистые червецы рода Rhodania Goux, 1934 (Homoptera:
Coccinea: Pseudococcidae) России и сопредельных стран
I.A. GAVRILOV-ZIMIN
И.А. ГАВРИЛОВ-ЗИМИН
Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Universitetskaya Emb., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.
E-mail: [email protected]
A taxonomic revision of the genus Rhodania is given, including the original key for all 5 nomi-
nal species of the genus and a figure of the type species, Rh. porifera Goux, 1934, from Teberda
(North Caucasus, Russia). Two species, Rh. porifera and Rh. festucae Hadzibejli, 1959 are not-
ed for the territory of Russia and neighboring countries. The morphological variation of these
species is discussed.
Статья представляет собой таксономическую ревизию рода Rhodania и включает ори-
гинальный определительный ключ для всех пяти номинальных видов, а также рисунок
типового вида Rh. porifera Goux, 1934, изготовленный на основе материала из Теберды
(Северный Кавказ, Россия). На территории России и сопредельных стран отмечены два
вида, Rh. porifera и Rh. festucae Hadzibejli, 1959, морфологическая изменчивость которых
обсуждается в статье.
Key words: mealybugs, Rhodania, morphology, taxonomy
Ключевые слова: мучнистые червецы, Rhodania, морфология, таксономия
This paper is part of a series of papers of without denticle. Ostioles and circuli pres-
E.M. Danzig and I.A. Gavrilov on a com- ent. Anal ring broadly oval, heavy sclero-
prehensive revision of the family Pseudo- tized, with pores and 6 short setae. Trilocu-
coccidae from the territory of Russia and lar pores absent. Quinque- and 6-locular
adjacent countries. All material studied is pores present. Tubular ducts of one type
deposited in Zoological Institute, Russian only – with deep collar. Cerarii and conical
Academy of Sciences. setae absent. Thin flagellate setae present
on both body sides.
Genus Rhodania Goux, 1934 Males are known for three species: Rh.
porifera Goux, 1934, Rh. flava Goux, 1936
Rhodania Goux, 1934: 291
и Rh. festucae Hadzibejli, 1959 (see original
Rhodania – Goux, 1936: 39; Borchsenius, 1949:
descriptions).
187; Tereznikova, 1975: 254; Ter-Grigorian,
1973: 113; Kosztarab, Kozár, 1988: 146. The genus has Palaearctic distribution
and includes six nominal species: Rh. ae-
Type species: Rhodania porifera Goux, luropi Williams & Moghaddam, 2007, Rh.
France, by original designation. festucae Hadzibejli, 1959, Rh. flava Goux,
Adult female. Body egg-shaped or broad- 1936, Rh. hypogea (Leonardi, 1908), Rh.
ly oval. Eyes present. Antennae 6 or 7-seg- occulta Schmutterer, 1952 and Rh. porif-
mented. Legs well developed; claw usually era Goux, 1934. Meanwhile, Rh. hypogea,
© 2011 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes
I.A. GAVRILOV-ZIMIN. RHODANIA FROM RUSSIA AND NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES 41
originally described in the genus Ripersia Rhodania porifera Goux, 1935: 291 (France)
Signoret, 1875, was tentatively transferred Rhodania porifera – Borchsenius, 1949: 187; Te-
to Rhodania by Kozár and Walter (1985). I reznikova, 1975: 254; Ter-Grigorian, 1973:
113; Kosztarab, Kozár, 1988: 147; Gavrilov,
suppose, that this species does not belong to
2003: 109.
Rhodania because Leonardi (1920) clearly
illustrated conical setae on C , which are Material examined. Twelve series (about 100
18
always absent in Rhodania; moreover, the females); Russia (Voronezh Province, Upper
anal ring on the Leonardi’ figure signifi- Volga Area, North Caucasus, Yakutia), Trans-
caucasia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Mongolia.
cantly differs from the anal rings of other
Adult female. Body of live female pink-
Rhodania species.
ish, round or broadly oval, 1.5–2.5 mm long
The recently described Rh. aeluropi dif-
and 1–2 mm wide. Antennae 7-segmented.
fers from other species in several noticeably
Peritremes with several 5-locular pores
characters (see original description); to my
each. Claw usually without a denticle, how-
opinion, the most important of these char-
ever, two females from Kazakhstan (Dzha-
acters is the presence of pointed conical
nybek) have small denticles in contrast to
digitules in contrast to clavate ones in other
other females collected in the same place.
species of the genus. Usually this character
Hind tibiae enlarged, with numerous trans-
shows constant intrageneric stability and
lucent pores.
is often stable in related genera or even in
Most descriptions of this species note the
groups of related genera.
presence of numerous pores on the anal ring.
Formally only two species of the genus
However, in the material of the collection at
were noted in the territory of Russia and
the Zoological Institute RAS (see below),
neighbouring countries – Rh. porifera and
the number of these pores can significantly
Rh. festucae. However, the other species can
vary from 0 to 30 per anal ring. Diameter of
be theoretically collected in the region, thus
pores is also variable. Quinque- and 6-locu-
they have been included in the following
lar pores, about 4–5 μm in diameter, numer-
identification key.
ous on both body surfaces. Tubular ducts
Key to species of Rhodania (about 5 μm long and 2 μm wide at their
openings) with deep collar, numerous on
1(8) Claw digitules clavate. both body surfaces. Short and thin flagellate
2(5) Diameter of 5 and 6-locular pores signifi-
setae present on both body surfaces.
cantly bigger than diameter of tubular duct
Adult male (briefly after Goux, 1934).
openings.
Body of live male pink, about 800 μm long,
3(4) Antennae 7-segmented, hind tibiae en-
larged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rh. porifera with two short (approximately 2 times lon-
4(3) Antennae 6-segmented; hind tibiae approx- ger than aedeagus) wax filaments surpass-
imately the same size as fore and median ones ing the apex of abdomen. Head with three
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rh. occulta pairs of simple eyes. Antennae 10-segment-
5(2) Diameter of 5 and 6-locular pores signifi- ed. Wings well developed.
cantly smaller than diameter of tubular duct For the description of the larvae of both
openings.
sexes see Goux (1934), and for the second
6(7) Antennae 6-segmented . . . . . . . . . . Rh. flava
instar female larva see also Tereznikova
7(6) Antennae 7-segmented . . . . . . . Rh. festucae
8(1) Claw digitules pointed . . . . . . . Rh. aeluropi (1975).
Taxonomic notes. In the original descrip-
tion and a subsequent paper, Goux (1935,
Rhodania porifera Goux, 1935
1936) noted the absence of quinquelocular
(Figs 1, 2)
pores as a diagnostic feature of Rh. porif-
Fonscolombia radicicola Kiritshenko, 1931: 312 era. Borchsenius (1949), based on the Goux
(nomen nudum). (1935, 1936) descriptions, supposed even
© 2011 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes, Zoosystematica Rossica 20(1): 40–44
42 I.A. GAVRILOV-ZIMIN. RHODANIA FROM RUSSIA AND NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES
Figs 1–2. Rhodania porifera, adult female. 1, total view (Teberda (North Caucasus, Russia)); 2, anal
ring (Armenia).
© 2011 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes, Zoosystematica Rossica 20(1): 40–44
I.A. GAVRILOV-ZIMIN. RHODANIA FROM RUSSIA AND NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES 43
that the material from USSR could be a locular pores of different sizes and paired
separate species. However, in all subsequent flagellate setae.
descriptions of this species by other Euro- Taxonomic notes. The original descrip-
pean authors and in all specimens herein tion of this species was published in Geor-
studied there are several quinquelocular gian and was inaccessible for most coc-
pores around the peritreme, so it is likely cidologists for many years. Fortunately,
that Goux (1935) overlooked this feature. in the Zoological Institute of the Russian
Distribution. Russia (known from Vo- Academy of Sciences there is a hand-writ-
ronezh, Volgograd and Orenburg provinces, ten Russian translation of this description,
Krasnodar region, Karachaevo-Cherkessia, prepared by Hadzibejli herself. Based on
Yakutia), France, Germany, Poland, Italy, this translation, the discussed nominal spe-
Turkey, Ukraine, countries of Transcauca- cies does not have diagnostic differences
sia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia. with the previously described Rhodania
Mode of life. It lives on small roots of dif- flava. The single concrete difference, 7-seg-
ferent gramineous plants and sedges, most
mented antennae (in contrast to 6-seg-
often on Festuca spp. Wintering, probably,
mented in Rh. flava), was not used as a
as imago.
diagnostic character by Hadzibejli herself,
probably because this feature was variable
Rhodania festucae Hadzibejli, 1959 in the type series. One syntype (it is the
only material present in the collection of
Rhodania festucae Hadzibejli, 1959: 65 (Georgia).
the Zoological Institute), written in Hadzi-
Material examined. Syntype, a half of molting bejli’s handwriting as “one half of female”,
larva, slide 82–50; Eastern Georgia, Dzhavache- is a molting larva and has 6-segmented
ti, pasture, 2 Sept. 1950; coll. Z. Hadzibejli. antennae. Furthermore, Hadzibejli (1959)
Adult female (briefly after Hadzibejli,
pointed out the presence of males in Rh.
1959). Body of live female pink, egg-shaped,
festucae in contrast to Rh. flava which she
up to 1.3 mm long and up to 1 mm wide. An-
thought had no males. However, this argu-
tennae 7-segmented. Legs with very large
ment is incorrect, because Goux (1936) de-
tibiae. Trochanters, femora and tibiae with
scribed the second instar larva of the male
small translucent pores. Anal ring with
of Rh. flava. So, it is likely that the species
20–25 small pores. Quinquelocular pores
of Hadzibejli is a junior synonym of Goux’s
numerous on both body sides and forming
species. However, without having studied
together with tubular ducts broad bands on
all the type material, the formal synonymi-
abdominal segments. Tubular ducts of two
sation of Rh. festucae with Rh. flava has
sizes; smaller ones present near spiracles
been avoided here.
and on cephalothorax only.
Distribution. The species is known from
Adult male (briefly after Hadzibejli,
Georgia only.
1959). Body of live male deep-pink. Abdo-
Mode of life. It occurs under leaf sheaths
men broadly oval. Antennae 10-segmented;
of Festuca sulcata.
all antennal segments with flagellate setae;
two apical segments with special senso-
rial setae of approximately the same size ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
as hair-like setae. Two pairs of simple eyes
I am very grateful to T. (D.) Kondo and
of equal size present. Legs thin; hind coxa:
B. Kay dan for their valuable remarks and lin-
33.6 μm long, hind trochanter: 47.6 μm
guistic corrections on an earlier version of the
long, hind femur: 98 μm long, hind tibia:
manuscript. The study was supported by a grant
168 μm long, hind tarsus: 61.6 μm long and of the President of Russian Federation (МК-
hind claw: 22.4 μm long. Two pairs of cer- 6075.2010.4) and a special grant of the St. Pe-
arii present; each with 20 to 25 quinque- tersburg Government.
© 2011 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes, Zoosystematica Rossica 20(1): 40–44
44 I.A. GAVRILOV-ZIMIN. RHODANIA FROM RUSSIA AND NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES
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