McGlamry’s Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Volume 2

2078 Pages·2012·874.065 MB·English

by  The Podiatry Institute, Joe Southerland, David Alder, Jeff Boberg, Mike Downey, Aprajita Nakra, Linnie Rabjohn, Linnie V. Rabjohn

McGLAMRY'S

McGLAMRY'S
Comprehensive Textbook
of Foot and Ankle Surgery
Fourth Edition

VOLUME ONE
Comprehensive Textbook
of Foot and Ankle Surgery
Fourth Edition
EDITOB. SECI'ION EDITOllS
JoB T. SoUTHERLAND, DPM, FACFAS JBFFRBY S. BoBERG, DPM, FACFAS
Ff.U'U!I:J Ff.U'U!I:J
'1'lle Poil.iatry Imtitult: '1'lle Poil.iatry Imtitult:
Det:llttl:l; G!orgi.a Det:llttl:l; G!orgi.a
Privatt: Pradia Privatt: Pradia
.A.mngllm/Mimsfol4F ool a1ld AMlt Cmtm SL lAuis, .MWotwi
.A.mnptt, Tt.:\'41 MicHAELS. DoWNEY, DPM, FACFAS
F~
'1'lle PMialry Itulitult:
AUTHORS' EDITOR. Det:llttl:l; ~
Oi1Ut41PrtJjtsstw tm4Ftlf'fll6 CMinntm, ~ tJj~
DANIEL F. VICKBB.S, CAE Tf1'1111jl18 Univmi, SeluJol tJj PtJdimrie Metlit:ifUI
~vtDirtdor C1Uef, Diuision tJj~ Su.~
'1'lle PMialry Imlitult: Pmn .fftshJtmms MMHcal CmltJr
Det:llttl:l; G!orgi.a Privatt: Pradia
Anl1e sndFDtJt Metlical Cmtm tJj 1M Dlllm.tMr WzlliJ
~~tmia
APRAJITA NAKRA, DPM, FACFAS
Ff.U'U!I:J
'1'lle Poil.iatry Imtitult:
Det:llttl:l; G!orgi.a
Privatt: Pradia
p~ 0114 GilM'4 .Af'ictm4
l...rNNm V. RABJOHN, DPM, FACFAS
Privatt: &dia
.A.mnpm/Mimsfol4F «<l a1ld AMlt Cmlm
.A.m~ Tt.:\'41
• Wolters Kluwer j Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Health
Philadelphia • Baltimore • New Yart • London
lk.tll!f'los Aires • Hcng Kong • Sydney • Tokyo
Acquisitions Editor. Brian Brown
Product Ma~ Dave Murphy
Mn.rlceting Ma~ Lisa Lawrence
Design Ma~ Doug Smock
Mn.nufacturi.ng Manager. Benjamin Rivera
Prefmss Vmdor. SPi Global
4th edition
Copyright e 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health I Lippincott Williams&: WllkiDs.
All righ~ reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted
in any form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by
any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for
brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by indi
viduals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned
copyright. To request permission, please contact Lippincott Williams & Wilkins at Two Commerce Square, 2001
Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19103, via email at [email protected], or via our website at lww.com (products
and services).
Printed in China
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
McGlamry's comprehensive textbook off oot and ankle surgery. -4th ed. I editor,J oe T. Southerland ; section
editors, JeffreyS. Boberg, MichaelS. Downey, ApnYita Nakra, Linnie V. Rabjohn.
p.;cm.
Comprehensive textbook of foot and ankle surgery
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-7817-6580-0
I. McGlamry, E. Dalton. II. Southerland,Joe T. Til. Title: Comprehensive textbook offootand ankle surgery.
[DNIM: 1. Foot-surgery. 2. Ankle-surgery. 3. Foot Deformities-surgery. 4. Foot Injuries-surgery. WE 880]
617.5'85059--dc23
2012006861
DISCLAIMER
Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information present and to describe generally accepted
practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for any
consequences from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed or implied,
with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy of the cont en~ of the publication. Application of this
information in a particular situation remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner; the clinical
treatments described and recommended may not be considered absolute and universal recommendations.
The authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set
forth in this text are in accordance with the current recommendations and practice at the time of publication.
However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of informa
tion relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug
for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly impor
tant when the recommended agent is a new or infrequently employed drug.
Some drugs and medical devices presented in this publication have Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
clearance for limited use in restricted research settings. It is the responsibility of the health care provider to
ascertain the FDA status of each drug or device planned for use in their clinical practice. The publishers have
made every effort to trace the copyright holders for borrowed material.
To purchase additional copies of this book, call our customer service department at [phone] or fax
orders to [phone]. International customers should call [phone].
Visit Lippincott Williams & Wilkins on the Internet: http:// www.lww.com. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins cus
tomer service representatives are available from 8:30 am to 6:00 pm, EST.
987654321
Contents
I
Contributing Authors x
PAllT n: FOREFOOT SURGERY
Fon:wonl xvii
Preface xvill
SECTION I: Nail Surgery
Introduction m
11 Nail Surgery • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 109
VOLUME ONE
TIMOTIIYW. CRISLIP AND JEFFREYS. BOBERG
PAllT 1: BASICS
SECTION II: Morton Neuroma
SECTION I: Technical Principles
12 Interdigital Neuroma (Morton
1 Instrumentation• •••••••••••••••• 3
Neuro:ma) ••••••••••••••••••• 117
D. SCOT MALAY AND ROBYNWINNBR
2 Biomaterials: Metals and Other JEFFREYS. BOBERG AND CAMERON L EILTS
Nonabsorbables •••••••••••••••• 15
SECTION III: Digital Defonnity
SEAN T. GRAMBART AND JEFFREY C. CHIUSTENSEN
3 Absorbable Biomaterials• ••••••••• 24
ADAMS. LANDSMAN 13 Lesser Digital Deformities:
4 Suture Materials and Needles •••••• 37 Etiology, Procedural Selection,
DANNY R. FIJALKOWSKI and Arthroplasty •••••••••••••• 124
JEFFREYS. BOBERG AND JASON J. WIUJS
SECTION II: Perioperative 14 Digital Surgery: Metatarsophalangeal
Joint Release and Proximal
Management
Interphalangeal Joint Arthrodesis• • 129
ANDREA D. CASS AND JOHN A. RUCH
5 Perioperative Evaluation • • • • • • • • • 54
15 Flail Toe with Bone Graft • • • • • • • 140
LOPADALMIA.ANDANDREAD. CASS
KIERAN T. MAHAN
6 :Local Anesthetics • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 63
16 Flexor Digitorum Longus Tendon
MITZI L. WILLIAMS AND DONALD R. GREEN
Tran.Uer • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 145
7 General and Regional Anesthesia ••• 73
ANNETTE D. FILIATilAULT, JOHN A. RUCH,
CONSTANTINE S. KOKBNES, JAY D. RYAN,
AND STEVEN A. WEISKOPF
ALUSON J.A. MENKE, AND DONALD R. POWELL
17 Congenital Overlapping Fifth Toe
8 Perioperative Pain Management •••• 83
Deformity' ••••••••••••••••••• 154
ANDREW J. MBYR.AND JOHNS. STEINBERG MICHAELS. DOWNEY AND JON M. Wll.SON, JR
9 Perioperative Prophylaxis for 18 Surgical Repair ofFifth Digit
Deep Vein Thrombosis • • • • • • • • • • • 97
Deformities •••••••••••••••••• 165
JAMES H. MORGAN, JR
THOMAS F. SMITH, CARLA. KIHM,
10 Perioperative Antibiotics •••••••• 101 AND KEITH D. PFEIFER
AMANDA MESZAROS
v
SECTION IV: Lesser 31 Lapidus Bunionectomy:
Metatarsophalangeal Joint First Metatarsal-Cuneiform
.Artb.rod.esis •••••••••••••••••• 322
Defonnities
LAWRENCE A. DIDOMENICO .AND
MARl WARGO-DORSEY
19 Plantar Plate Repair of the Second
32 Juvenile Hallux Abducto Valgus
Metatarsophalangeal Joint ••••••• 187
Defo:.rmity • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 331
CRAIG A. CAMASTA
DONALD R. GREEN, KIERAN T. MAHAN, AND
20 Transverse Plane Digital
TRACY L. KLlMAZ
Defornlities •••••••••••••••••• 202
33 Joint Salvage and Preservation
MICHAELS. DOWNEY, MICHAEL C. McGLAMBY,
Surgical Techniques for
AND SARAH A SPIZZIRRI
Hallux I.Jnlitus •••••••••••••••• 343
21 The Well Lesser Metatarsal
ANNALISA. Y. CO, TIIOMAS J. CHANG, AND
Osteotomy • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 224
CRAIG A. CAMASTA
RICHARD J. ZIRM 34 First Metatarsophalangeal
22 Central Rays: V Osteotomy, DFWO, Joint Arthroplasty • • • • • • • • • • • • • 362
Condylectomy • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 229
JOHN V. VANORE, WILLIAM G. MONTROSS,
Wll..LlAM D. FISHC O .AND JEFFREYS. BOBERG A. LOUIS JIMENEZ, AND JONNICA S. DOZIER
23 Tailor's Bunion Deformity ••••••• 235 35 First Metatarsophalangeal Joint
SEAN PATRICK DUNN AND JANE PONTIOUS .Artb.rod.esis • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 400
TIIOMAS P. SMITH AND .ALLISON J.A. MENKE
P.AllT m: HALLUX
FIRST~ 36 Complications in Hallux Abducto
ABDUCTO VALGUS, AND
Valgus Surgery (Excluding Hallux
BBLATBD DBFORMITIBS
Varus) •••••••••••••••••••••• 417
MOllY A. JUDGE
24 Evaluation and Procedural Selection
37 Hallux Varus ••••••••••••••••• 461
in Hallux Valgus Surgery •••••••• 245
MOllY A. JUDGE
JE.PPREY S. BOBERG
25 Anatomic Dissection of the First
P.AllT IV: BEABFOOT
Metatarsophalangeal Joint for Hallux
Valgus Surgery. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 250
SECTION I: Midfoot and Heel
JOHN A RUCH, CHARI...ES P. PEEBLES, .AND
CLAIRE A. HOU.STROM Surgery
26 Hallux Osteotomies • • • • • • • • • • • • 260
TIIOMAS P. SMl1H AND JARED L. MOON 38 Common Pedal Prominences ••••• 471
27 Distal Metaphyseal Osteotomies in TIIO.MAS P. SMITH AND LESI.JE B. DOWI.JNG
Hallux Abducto Valgus Surgery ••• 279 39 Plauc1tar 1Eieel •••••••••••••••••• 4~4
TIIOMAS A. BROSKY ll .AND PATRICK B. HALL JEFFREYS. BOBERG, DAMIEN M. DAUPHINEE,
D. SCOT MALAY, AND WILI.JAM HARRIS IV
28 Proximal Osteotomies of the First
Metatarsal • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 290 40 The Distal Tarsal Tunnel: First
Branch of the Lateral Plauc1tar
ROBB A. MOT.HERSHliD
Nerve R.elease ••••••••••••••••• 505
29 Offset-V Osteotomy of the First
ROBERT M. GOECKER
Metatarsal Shaft in Hallux Abducto
Valgus •••••••••••••••••••••• 302 41 Plantar Foot Surgery ••••••••••• 513
GARY R. BAUER AND HAROLD W. VOGLER J. MICHAEL MILLER AND St.JHA:rr.. B. MASADEH
30 Z-Scarf Osteotomy• •••••••••••• 314 42 Pes Cavus Surgery ••••••••••••• 525
CHARLES J. GUDAS CRAIG A. CAMASTAAND .ANDREA D. CASS
SECTION II: Valgus Foot 56 Tarsometatarsal Arthrodesis •••••• 810
Defonnity SHrnE JOHN, ALAN R. CATANZARITI,
AND ROBERT W. .MENDICINO
43 Ankle Equinus • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 541 57 Trephine Arthrodesis at the
Midfoot • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 820
MICHAELS. DOWNEY AND JACLYN M. SCHWARTZ
44 Fle::dble Valgus Deformity ••••••• 585 ANNETI'.E D. FllJA'f.RAULT
58 Triple Arthrodesis • • • • • • • • • • • • • 824
KIERAN T. MAHAN AND K. PAUL FLANIGAN
45 Tarsal Coalition ••••••••••••••• 598 JOHN A. RUCH, LOPA DALMIA,
AND PATRICK B. HALL
MICHAELS. DOWNEY AND ALISON M. DBW ATERS
59 Subtalar Joint Arthrodesis • • • • • • • 843
46 Posterior Tibial Tendon
MARKAHARDY
•••••••••••••••••• 636
~otion
60 Talonavicular Fusions• •••••••••• 851
ALAN R. CATANZARITI, ROBERT W. MENDICINO,
AND MICHAEL P. MASKILL wn.LIAM D. FISHCO
4 7 Medial Column Fusion• ••••••••• 670 61 Pantalar Arthrodesis ••••••••••• 855
lHOMAS J. CHANG TRAVIS A. MOTLEY AND BRIAN B. CARPENTER
48 Arthroereisis ••••••••••••••••• 675
VOLUME TWO
DONAlD R. GRBBN AND :MITZI L WILilAMS
P.All.T VII: SPECIAL SUB.GBllY:
CONDITIONS
PAB.T V: ANKLE
SECTION I: Rhewnatoid Foot
49 Os Trigonum Surgery •••••••••• 691
and Ankle
MOLLY A. JUDGE
50 Acute Ankle Conditions ••••••••• 702
62 Rheumatoid Rearfoot. • • • • • • • • • • 863
MARK A HARDY AND GINA A HILD
LINNIE V. RABJOHN AND DANIELJ. YARMEL
51 Old Syndesmotic Injuries •••••••• 710
63 Pan Metatarsal Head Resection ••• 876
BRIAN B. CARP.BNTE.RAND 'f.RAVIS A MOTLEY
DENNIS E. MARTIN
52 Ankle Bqlacem.ent Arthroplasty •• 717
JOHN M. SCHUBERTH, ]ER.O.ME K. STECK, SECTION ll: Neurologic Disorders
AND JEFFREY C. CHRISTENSEN
53 Arthroscopy of the Ankle 64 Spasticity and Paralytic
~d F()()t •••••••••••••••••••• 757 Disorders • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 884
JEFFREY C. CHRISTENSEN, .MEAGAN M. JENNINGS, R. DAVID WARREN
AND JOHN J. STIENS'f.RA 65 Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease ••••• 892
54 Osteochondroses of the Foot ROBERT M. GOECKE.R, ALAN S. BANKS,
~d Anlde • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 780 MICHAELS. DOWNEY, AND RICHARD J. ZIRM
LAWRENCE M. FALLAT,
SECTION III: Peripheral Nerve
JEFFREY C. CHRISTENSEN, AND
JACOB A. HORD Surgery
PAB.T VI: .MIDFOOT JOINT
66 General Entrapment Syndromes ••• 912
.All.THB.ODBSIS
D. SCOT MALAY, E. DALTON McGLAMBY,
55 Principles ofA rthrodesis •••••••• 803 AND MARIJA UGRINICH
67 Tarsal 1\umel Syndrome •••••••• 934
SEAN PATRICK DUNN, JUSTIN T. MEYER.,
AND JOHN A RUCH MICHAELS. DOWNEY AND D.AN.IEL J. YARME.L
68 Complex Regional Pain Syndromes 78 Achilles Tendon Disorders •••••• 1I8I
and Related Disorders • • • • • • • • • • 950 JAMES L. lHOMAS
JEFFREY C. CHRISTENSEN 79 Plastic and Reconstructive
Surgery • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1193
SECTION IV: Diabetic Foot
TOD It STORM AND MICHAELS. LEE
80 Bone Anchors • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • I222
69 Evaluation and Management of
lHOMAS A. BROSKY ll, MICHAEL C. McGLAMRY,
the Diabetic Foot Wound •••••••• 986
AND MITZI L. Wll.LlAMS
JOHNS. STEINBERG AND PAUL J. KIM
70 Charcot Foot and Ankle 81 Interpositional Arthroplas'ty" of
the First Metatarsophalangeal
Defornti'ty" • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1008
Joint ...•••...••••...••••.. 1231
TIIOMAS M. ZGONIS, JOHN J. STAPLETON,
AND TIIOM.AS S. ROUKIS CHRISTOPHER P. HYERAND
JAYMES D. GRANATA
71 Amputations • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • I 022
82 Lateral Column Arthroplas'ty" • • • • I234
ROBERT P. TAYLOR, JAMES L. BOUCHARD,
AND LINNlE V. RABJOHN lHOMAS J. CHANG
SECTION V: Congenital
PAllT IX: SPECIAL SUB.GBllY:
Defonnities
.MISCBLLANBOUS TOPICS
72 Bradtymetatarsia • • • • • • • • • • • • • I 036 83 External Fixation of Rearfoot
and Ankle Arthrodeses ••••••••• I24I
MICHBLLB L. BUTTERWORTH AND
DENNIS E. MARTIN BRADLEY M LAMM
73 Metatarsus Adductus and Allied 84 Pun~eWounds ••••••••••••• I254
Disorders • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1056
STEPHEN V. COREY AND MICHElLE L.
PATRICKS. AGNEW BUTTERWORTII
7 4 Clubfoot • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • I 079 85 Lower Extremi'ty" Infections • • • • • 1267
LUKE D. CICCHlNELLI, DAVID J. GRANGER, .MARK A. KOSINSKI AND WARRENS. JOSEPH
TODD It GUNZY, TODD B. HADDON, 86 Osuotnyelitis •••••••••••••••• I287
AND JORGE G. PENAGOS VASQUEZ
LAWRENCE M. OLOFP AND GEOFFREY S. HEARD
75 Congenital Digital Deformities ••• I097
87 Non~ .................. 1309
75.1 Polydaa:yly 1097
STEPHAN J. LAPOINTE
.ANNETTE D. Fn.IA'I'RA.ULT
75.2 Mac:rodactyly II0 6 88 Orthobiologics ••••••••••••••• I322
THOMAS A. BROSKY ll
D. SCOT MALAY AND Wll..LlAM HARRIS IV
75.3 Ectrodactyly ll09
89 Eled:rical and Mechanical
CORNELIUS M. DONOHUE
75.4 Syndactyly lll7 Bone Growth Stimulation • • • • • • I333
CARL R. WAGRBICH, RENATO J. GIORGINI, MICHAELS. DOWNEY AND
TARA L. GIORGINI WEN-YIN CHOI WANG
90 Nonosseous Injuries. • • • • • • • • • • 1350
PAllT VID: SPECIAL SUB.GBllY:
KEmiD.COOK
SOFTTISSUB
76 Principles of Muscle-Tendon PAllT X: TUMOJlS
Surgery and Tendon Transfers • • • II27
91 Skin Lesions ••••••••••••••••• I363
STEPHEN J. Mll..LERAND MACK JAY GROVES IV
77 Peroneal Tendon Disorders ••••• I165 D. SCOT MALAY AND MAIUJA UGIUNICH
92 Soft Tissue Masses • • • • • • • • • • • • 1387
LAWRENCE A. DIDOMENICO
AND MICHELLE C. ANANIA MICHAELS. DOWNEY AND CHRISTA M GREDLEIN