McDougal Littell Literature: World Literature

1615 Pages·2008·183.93 MB·English

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Arthur N. Applebee
Andrea B. Bermúdez
Sheridan Blau
Rebekah Caplan
Peter Elbow
Susan Hynds
Judith A. Langer
James Marshall
Copyright © 2008 Holt McDougal, a division of Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.
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acknowledgments
reading model
Parabola and Paul Jordan-Smith: “Green Willow,” retold by Paul Jordan-Smith, from Parabola: The Magazine
of Myth and Tradition 8.1 (January 1983). Copyright © 1983 by Paul Jordan-Smith. Reprinted by permission of
Parabola and the author.
unit one
Penguin Books: Excerpts from The Epic of Gilgamesh, translated by N. K. Sandars (Penguin Classics, 1960; third
edition, 1972). Copyright © 1960, 1964, 1972 by N. K. Sandars. Reproduced by permission of Penguin Books Ltd.
“Creation Hymn” and “Burial Hymn,” from The Rig Veda, translated by Wendy Doniger O’Flaherty (Penguin
Classics, 1981). Copyright © 1981 by Wendy Doniger O’Flaherty. Reproduced by permission of Penguin Books Ltd.
Henry Holt and Company: Excerpt from the Book of the Dead, from Wings of the Falcon, translated by Joseph
Kaster. Copyright © 1968 by Joseph Kaster. Reprinted by permission of Henry Holt and Company, LLC.
University of Texas Press: “I’m going downstream on Kingswater Canal” and “Whenever I leave you, I go out of
breath,” from Love Songs of the New Kingdom, translated from the ancient Egyptian by John L. Foster. Copyright ©
1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974 by John L. Foster. Reprinted by permission of the University of Texas Press.
Simon & Schuster: Excerpts from the Book of Genesis and the Book of Psalms, from The Bible, Designed to
Be Read as Living Literature, edited by Ernest Sutherland Bates. Copyright © 1936 by Simon and Schuster, Inc.
Copyright renewed © 1964 by Simon and Schuster, Inc. Reprinted with the permission of Simon & Schuster.
Continued on page R180
art credits
Maps © GeoNova LLC.
cover, frontispiece
Illustration © 2002 Glenn Harrington.
Continued on page R187
HOLT MCDOUGAL is a trademark of Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.
Printed in the United States of America
If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Holt McDougal retains
title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited.
Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication,
or any portion of it, into electronic format.
ISBN 13: 978 - 0 - 547 - 11648-8 ISBN 10: 0 - 547 - 11648-9
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Senior Consultants
The senior consultants guided the conceptual development for The Language of
Literature series. They participated actively in shaping prototype materials for major
components, and they reviewed completed prototypes and/or completed units to
ensure consistency with current research and the philosophy of the series.
Arthur N. Applebee Professor of Education, State University of New York at
Albany; Director, Center for the Learning and Teaching of Literature; Senior Fellow,
Center for Writing and Literacy
Andrea B. Bermúdez Professor of Studies in Language and Culture; Director,
Research Center for Language and Culture; Chair, Foundations and Professional
Studies, University of Houston–Clear Lake
Sheridan Blau Senior Lecturer in English and Education and former Director of
Composition, University of California at Santa Barbara; Director, South Coast
Writing Project; Director, Literature Institute for Teachers; Former President,
National Council of Teachers of English
Rebekah Caplan Senior Associate for Language Arts for middle school and high
school literacy, National Center on Education and the Economy, Washington, D.C.;
served on the California State English Assessment Development Team for Language
Arts; former co-director of the Bay Area Writing Project, University of California at
Berkeley
Peter Elbow Emeritus Professor of English, University of Massachusetts at
Amherst; Fellow, Bard Center for Writing and Thinking
Susan Hynds Professor and Director of English Education, Syracuse University,
Syracuse, New York
Judith A. Langer Professor of Education, State University of New York at
Albany; Co-director, Center for the Learning and Teaching of Literature; Senior
Fellow, Center for Writing and Literacy
James Marshall Professor of English and English Education; Chair, Division of
Curriculum and Instruction, University of Iowa, Iowa City
Contributing Consultants
Linda Diamond Executive Vice President, Consortium on Reading Excellence
(CORE); co-author of Building a Powerful Reading Program
Lucila A. Garza ESL Consultant, Austin, Texas
Jeffrey N. Golub Assistant Professor of English Education, University of
South Florida, Tampa
William L. McBride, Ph.D. Reading and Curriculum Specialist; former middle
and high school English instructor
Sharon Sicinski-Skeans, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Reading, University of
Houston–Clear Lake; primary consultant on The InterActive Reader
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Multicultural Advisory Board
The multicultural advisors reviewed literature selections for appropriate content and
made suggestions for teaching lessons in a multicultural classroom.
Julie A. Anderson English Department Chairperson, Dayton High School, Dayton,
Oregon
Vikki Pepper Ascuena Meridian High School, Meridian, Idaho
Dr. Joyce M. Bell Chairperson, English Department, Townview Magnet Center,
Dallas, Texas
Linda F. Bellmore Livermore High School, Livermore, California
Dr. Eugenia W. Collier Author; lecturer; Chairperson, Department of English and
Language Arts; Teacher of Creative Writing and American Literature, Morgan State
University, Maryland
Dr. Bill Compagnone English Department Chairperson, Lawrence High School,
Lawrence, Massachusetts
Kathleen S. Fowler President, Palm Beach County Council of Teachers of English,
Boca Raton Middle School, Boca Raton, Florida
Jan Graham Cobb Middle School, Tallahassee, Florida
Barbara J. Kuhns Camino Real Middle School, Las Cruces, New Mexico
Patricia J. Richards Prior Lake, Minnesota
Continued on page R202
Teacher Review Panels
The following educators provided ongoing review during the development of the
tables of contents, lesson design, and key components of the program.
CALIFORNIA
Steve Bass 8th Grade Team Leader, Meadowbrook Middle School, Ponway Unified
School District
Cynthia Brickey 8th Grade Academic Block Teacher, Kastner Intermediate School,
Clovis Unified School District
Karen Buxton English Department Chairperson, Winston Churchill Middle School,
San Juan School District
Bonnie Garrett Davis Middle School, Compton School District
Sally Jackson Madrona Middle School, Torrance Unified School District
Sharon Kerson Los Angeles Center for Enriched Studies, Los Angeles Unified School
District
Continued on page R202
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Manuscript Reviewers
The following educators reviewed prototype lessons and tables of contents during
the development of The Language of Literature program.
David Adcox Trinity High School, Euless, Texas
Carol Alves English Department Chairperson, Apopka High School, Apopka,
Florida
Jacqueline Anderson James A. Foshay Learning Center, Los Angeles, California
Kathleen M. Anderson-Knight United Township High School, East Moline, Illinois
Anita Arnold Thomas Jefferson High School, San Antonio, Texas
Cassandra L. Asberry Dean of Instruction, Carter High School, Dallas, Texas
Jolene Auderer Pine Tree High School, Longview, Texas
Don Baker English Department Chairperson, Peoria High School, Peoria, Illinois
Continued on page R169
World Literature Teacher Panel
The following educators provided guidance during the initial development
of this book.
Renee Bartholomew Crystal Lake Central High School, Crystal Lake, Illinois
Johanna Brocker Wells Community Academy, Chicago, Illinois
Ken Filas Round Lake High School, Round Lake, Illinois
Elizabeth Kenny Adlai E. Stevenson High School, Lincolnshire, Illinois
Allan Ruter Glenbrook South High School, Glenview, Illinois
Margaret Sinclair Glenbard High School, Carol Stream, Illinois
Judith Soltis, Ph.D. Homewood-Flossmoor High School, Flossmoor, Illinois
Patty Van Lehn St. Charles High School, St. Charles, Illinois
Charles Venegoni, Ph.D. John Hersey High School, Arlington Heights, Illinois
Suzanne Zweig Sullivan High School, Chicago, Illinois
The following people provided assistance with Lakota and West African
pronunciations.
Jim Green Lakota Instructor, Language Department, South Dakota State University
Robert Launay Professor or Anthropology, Northwestern University
Elikem Tomety Consultant from Ghana
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UNIT Literature of the Ancient World UNIT Literature of the Middle East
ONE FOUR
and Africa
3000 B.C.–A.D.500 A.D.300–1900
Part 1 Mesopotamian,Egyptian & Hebrew Part 1 Persian and Arabic Literature
Literature Part 2 West African Oral Literature
Part 2 Literature of India
SKILL FOCUS
LITERARY FOCUS SKILL FOCUS Writing Workshop: Personality Profile
The Epic Writing Workshop:Autobiographical Grammar:Using Adverbs and Adverb
Incident Phrases
Grammar:Using Elements in a Series Vocabulary:Using Context Clues
Vocabulary:Words with Multiple
Meanings UNIT Europe in Transition 400–1789
FIVE
UNIT The Classical Age of Greece Part 1 Literature of the Middle Ages
TWO
and Rome Part 2 Literature of the Renaissance
800 B.C.–A.D.200 & Enlightenment
Part 1 Literature of Ancient Greece LITERARY FOCUS SKILL FOCUS
The Sonnet Writing Workshop:Subject Analysis
Part 2 Literature of Ancient Rome Communication Workshop:Persuasive
LITERARY FOCUS SKILL FOCUS Speech
The Epics Communication Workshop:Writing Grammar:Changing Word Order for
of Greece and Staging a Scene Sentence Variety, Using Noun Clauses
and Rome
Grammar: Using Participles Vocabulary:Understanding Analogies,
Vocabulary:Analyzing Word Parts— Analyzing Word Parts—Affixes
Greek and Latin Roots
UNIT 19th-Century European
SIX
UNIT Traditions in Chinese and
THREE Literature
1789–1899
Japanese Literature
1500 B.C.–A.D.1800
Part 1 The Age of Romanticism
Part 1 Literature of Ancient China Part 2 The Emergence of Realism
Part 2 Literature of Japan LITERARY FOCUS SKILL FOCUS
Romanticism Writing Workshop:Cause-and-Effect
LITERARY FOCUS SKILL FOCUS
Moral Teaching Writing Workshop:Lyric Poetry, Essay
Realism
Through Problem-Solution Essay Grammar:Using Adverb Clauses
Literature Grammar: Using Parallelism for Effect, Vocabulary:Recognizing Denotations
Creating Compound and Complex and Connotations
Sentences
Vocabulary:Homophones, Homonyms, UNIT Modern and Contemporary
and Homographs; Using Reference Tools SEVEN
Literature
1900–Present
Part 1 Expressions of Modernism
Part 2 Responses to War and Conflict
Part 3 Contemporary Nobel Prize Winners
LITERARY FOCUS SKILL FOCUS
Modernism Writing Workshops:Literary
Interpretation, Research Report
Magical
Grammar:Using Adjective Phrases
Realism
and Clauses, Varying Sentence Length
Vocabulary:Recognizing Word Families,
Choosing Word Attack Strategies
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TTaabbllee ooff CCoonntteennttss
Student Resource Bank TT H E L A N G U A G E O F
Reading Handbook
Writing Handbook
Communication Handbook
Grammar Handbook
Academic Reading Handbook
Glossary of Literary Terms
Glossary of Words to Know in English and Spanish Reading
Strategies
Literature Connections
Each of the books in the
Literature Connectionsseries LLIITTEERRAATTUURREECCOONNNNEECCTTIIOONNSS
combines a novel or play with Tools for Active Reading 6
related readings—poems,
STRATEGIES FOR READING
stories, plays, personal essays,
articles—that add new
Reading Literature 8
perspectives on the theme
READING MODEL
or subject matter of the
longer work. aannddRReellaatteedd RReeaaddiinnggss Green Willow
Japanese folk tale retold by Paul Jordan-Smith
MMCCDDOOUUGGAALLLLIITTTTEELLLL
Listed below are some of
Reading Handbook
the titles that can be used
along with this World READING FOR DIFFERENT PURPOSES R2
Literature anthology: READING FOR INFORMATION R4
Text Organizers R4
The Tempest by William Shakespeare Reading a Magazine Article R6
Hamlet by William Shakespeare Reading a Web Page R7
PATTERNS OF ORGANIZATION R8
Macbeth by William Shakespeare
Main Idea and Supporting Details R9
Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare Chronological Order R10
Comparison and Contrast R11
Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer
Cause and Effect R12
Tess of the d’Urbervilles by Thomas Hardy
Problem and Solution R13
1984 by George Orwell FUNCTIONAL READING R14
Transit Map R14
Kaffir Boy by Mark Mathabane
Workplace Document R15
Nervous Conditions by Tsitsi Dangarembga
ENRICHING YOUR VOCABULARY R16
A Place Where the Sea Remembers
by Sandra Benítez Academic Reading Handbook R91
Analyzing Text Features R91
Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe
Understanding Visuals R95
The Underdogs by Mariano Azuela Recognizing Text Structures R99
Reading in the Content Areas R109
When Rain Clouds Gather by Bessie Head Reading Beyond the Classroom R115
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UNIT ONE
Literature
of the
Ancient World
2500 b.c.–a.d. 300
14
Spiritual Beginnings 16
Part 1 Mesopotamian, Egyptian, & Hebrew Literature
Mesopotamia: History, Arts, andCulture 18
INTERNET Egypt: History, Arts, and Culture 20
CONNECTION
The Ancient Hebrews: History, Arts, and Culture 22
Searching for the Past 24
Time Line 26
Connect to Today: The Legacy of the Ancient Middle East 28
Learning the Language of Literature:
Foundations of Early Literature 30
Mesopotamian from The Epic of Gilgamesh EPIC POETRY 32
Literature •GUIDE FOR READING
•CONNECT TO TODAY: THE QUEST TO FIND GILGAMESH 49
Egyptian Literature from the Book of the Dead SCRIPTURE 50
Adoration of the Disk
New Kingdom Poetry POETRY 56
I’m going downstream on Kingswater Canal
Whenever I leave you, I go out of breath
•THE TRANSLATOR AT WORK: DECODING HIEROGLYPHICS 61
Comparing Literature Across Cultures 62
Creation Literature
Hebrew Literature from The Hebrew Bible SCRIPTURE 63
from Genesis
Creation and the Fall
Noah and the Flood
Mayan Literature Popol Vuh MYTH 76
•GUIDE FOR READING
Standardized Test Practice Writing About Literature 87
x