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Matthew 21-28 PDF

728 Pages·2005·63.505 MB·English
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• • • • Matthew 21-28 • • • • Ulrich Luz • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Hermeneia- • • • • A Critical • • • • and • • • • Historical • • • • Commentary • • • • on the • • • • Bible • • • • Matthew 21-28 • • • IV, • • '''''\ • • • • • IV, • • • I'W'\ • • • IV, • • • Henneneia -A Critical and Historical Commentary on the Bible Old Testament Editorial Board Peter Machinist. Harvard University. chair Klaus Baltzer, University of Munich Paul D. Hanson, Harvard University Thomas Kruger, University of Zurich S. Dean McBride Jr., Union Theological Seminary in Virginia Susan Niditch, Amherst College Frank Moore Cross, Harvard University, emeritus New Testament Editorial Board Helmut Koester, Harvard University, chair Harold W. Attridge, Yale University Adela Yarbro Collins, Yale University Eldon Jay Epp, Case Western Reserve University Hans-Josef Klauck, University of Chicago James M. Robinson, Claremont Graduate University, emeritus Matthew 21 - 28 A Commentary by Ulrich Luz Translation by James E. Crouch Edited by Helmut Koester Fortress Press Minneapolis Matthew 21-28 A Commentary ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Copyright © 2005 Aug.burg Fortress All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in critical articles or reviews, no part of this book may be reproduced in any manner without prior written permission from the publisher. Write: Permissions, Augsburg Fortress, Box 1209, Minneapolis, MN 55440. Cover and interior design by Kenneth Hiebert Typesetting and page composition by The HK Scriptorium The Library of Congress has cataloged the frrst volume as follows: Luz, Ulrich. [Evangelium nach Matthaus. English] Matthew: a commentary / Ulrich Luz ; translated by Wilhelm C. Linss. p. cm. Translation of: Das Evangelium nach Matthaus. Bibliography: p. Includes index. Contents: v. [l]·7. ISBN ().8066-2402·7 1. Bible. N.T. Matthew-Commentaries. I. Title. BS2575.3.L8913 1989 226'.207--dcl9 89-383 CIP Matthew 21-28 ISBN ().8006-37704 The paper used in this publication meets the mini· mum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences-Permanence of paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z329.48-1984. Manufactured in the U.S.A. 09 08 07 06 05 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 The Author Ulrich Luz was born in 1938, and he studied theology in Zurich and Gottingen under Hans Conzelmann, Eduard Schweizer, and Gerhard Ebeling. He taught at the Inter national Christian University in Tokyo (1970-1971), at the University of G6ttingen (1972-1980), and at the University of Bern in Switzerland (1980-2003). Now he is professor emeritus. He received honorary degrees from the universities of Leipzig, Budapest, Sibiu, Lausanne, Praha, and Nishinomiya and served as president of the Societas Novi Testamenti Studiorum in 1998. He is the author of numerous books, including Das Geschichts verstiindnis des Paulus (1968), Die Mitte des Neuen Testaments: Einheit und Vielfalt neutestamentlich (1983), Matthew in History: Interpretation, InJluence and Effects (1994), and The Theology of the Gospel of Matthew (1995). He and his wife, Salome Keller, have three children. Contents Matthew 21-28 Foreword to Henneneia xi Editor's Note xiii Preface xv Translator's Preface xix Reference Codes xxi 1. Sources and Abbreviations xxi 2. Text-Critical Sigla xxvii 3. Short Titles of Commentaries, Studies, and Articles xxvii Introduction vol. 1 • Commentary Prelude (1:1-4:22) vol. 1 II jesus' Activity in Israel in Word and Deed (4:23-11:30) vols. 1,2 III jesus Withdraws from Israel (12:1-16:20) vol. 2 IV jesus' Activity in the Church (16:21-20:34) vol. 2 V jesus injerusalem (21:1-25:46) 1 A jesus' Reckoning with His Opponents (21:1-24:2) 1 1 The First Day injerusalem (21:1-17) 3 2 jesus' Second Day in jerusalem: The Polemical Parables (21:18-22:14) 20 2.1 The Withered Fig Tree (21:1~22) 20 2.2 The Rejection ofj ohn the Baptist (21:23-32) 25 2.3 A New Story of the Vineyard: The Evil Tenants (21:33-46) 34 2.4 The Wedding Feast of the King's Son (22:1-14) 45 3 The jerusalem Controversies (22: 15-46) 61 3.1 The Tribute for the Emperor (22:15-22) 68 3.2 The Resurrection of the Dead (22:23-33) 68 3.3 The Great Commandments (22:34-40) 75 3.4 The Question about the Son of David (22:41-46) 88 4 The Woes against the Scribes and Pharisees (23:1-24:2) 92 4.1 Against Hypocrisy and the Love of Titles (23:1-12) 96 4.2 The Seven Woes (23:13-33) 112 4.2.1 The First Woe (23: 13) 114 4.2.2 The Second Woe (23:15) 117 4.2.3 The Third Woe (23:16-22) 118 4.2.4 The Fourth Woe (23:23-24) 121 4.2.5 The Fifth Woe (23:25-26) 125 4.2.6 The Sixth Woe (23:27-28) 129 4.2.7 The Seventh Woe (23:29-33) 131 Excursus: The Scribes and the Pharisees 139 4.3 judgment on Israel (23:34-39) 150 4.3.1 judgment on This Generation (23:34-36) 150 4.3.2 The jerusalem Saying (23:37-39) 158 4.4 jesus Leaves the Temple (24:1-2) 166 Summary: The Basic Message of the Woes Discourse 168 On the Meaning of the Woes Discourse Today 174 vii B The Judgment Discourse (24:3-25:46) 178 1 The End Time and the End (24:3-31) 180 2 The Final Admonitions to the Church (24:32-25:30) 207 2.1 The Time Is Near (24:32-35) 207 2.2 No One Knows the Time of the End (24:3641) 211 2.3 The First Watchfulness Parable: The Thief (24:42-44) 216 2.4 The Second Watchfulness Parable: The Overseer (24:45-51) 221 2.5 The Third Watchfulness Parable: The Young Women (25:1-13) 226 2.6 The Parable of the Talents (25: 14-30) 246 3 The Judgment of the World (25:31-46) 263 Summary and Excursus: The Understanding ofJ udgment in the Gospel of Matthew 285 On the Meaning of the Judgment Discourse Today 290 VI Passion and Easter (26:1-28:20) 297 A Introduction 297 I Text 299 1.1 Structure 301 1.2 Sources 301 1.3 On the Prehistory of the Passion and Easter Traditions 304 2 History of Interpretation 305 2.1 Three Basic Models of Passion Piety 305 2.2 The Passion in Music 312 2.3 Passion and Easter Plays 316 2.4 The Passion Story in Art 321 B Commentary 1 The Passion Begins (26:1-16) 329 l.l The Decision to Kill Jesus (26:1-5) 329 1.2 The Anointing in Bethany (26:6-13) 334 1.3 The Betrayal by Judas (26:14-16) 344 2 Jesus'LastPassover(26:17-29) 351 2.1 Preparations for the Passover (26:17-19) 351 2.2 Jesus Exposes Judas (26:20-25) 358 2.3 The Lord's Supper (26:26-29) 364 3 In Gethsemane (26:30-56) 386 3.1 The Disciples' Impending Desertion (26:30-35) 386 3.2 Jesus' Prayer on the Mount of Olives (26:3646) 392 3.3 The Arrest ofJ esus (26:47-56) 410 4 In the Palace of the High Priest (26:57-27:10) 423 4.1 Jesus and Peter Enter the Palace of the High Priest (26:57-58) 423 4.2 The Hearing before the High Priest (26:59-66) 425 Excursus: Jesus' Trial before the Sanhedrin 438 4.3 The First Mistreatment (26:67-68) 44 7 4.4 Peter's Denial (26:69-75) 453 4.5 The Death Decision (27:1-2) 463 viii

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