MATLAB: A Fundamental Tool for Scientific Computing and Engineering Applications, Volume 1

533 Pages·2012·1.56 MB·English

by  Vasilios N. Katsikis

MATLAB –
A FUNDAMENTAL
TOOL FOR SCIENTIFIC
COMPUTING AND
ENGINEERING
APPLICATIONS –
VOLUME 1

Edited by Vasilios N. Katsikis
MATLAB – A Fundamental Tool for Scientific Computing and Engineering
Applications – Volume 1
http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/2557
Edited by Vasilios N. Katsikis

Contributors
A.B. Campo, Tomas Vydra, Daniel Havelka, Christophe Batard, Frédéric Poitiers, Christophe Millet,
Nicolas Ginot, Jacques Fanjason Ramahaleomiarantsoa, Eric Jean Roy Sambatra, Nicolas Héraud,
Jean Marie Razafimahenina, Ergin Kosa, Levent Trabzon, Umit Sonmez, Huseyin Kizil, Kosol
Oranpiroj, Worrajak Moangjai, Wichran Jantee, Sven Fagerstrom, Nagy Bengiamin, Khalid Chikh,
Mohamed Khafallah, Abdallah Saâd, Konrad Urbanski, Adel Aktaibi, M. Azizur Rahman, Mostefa
Ghassoul, Octavio Ramos-Leaños, Jose Luis Naredo, Jose Alberto Gutierrez-Robles, M. Ould
Ahmedou, M. Ferfra, M. Chraygane, M. Maaroufi, Viliam Fedák, Tibor Balogh, Pavel Záskalický, S.
Chountasis, V.N. Katsikis, D. Pappas, Mohammed Z. Al-Faiz, Abbas H. Miry, Ramy Saad, Sebastian
Hoyos, Samuel Palermo, Momoh-Jimoh E. Salami, Ismaila B. Tijani, Abdussamad U. Jibia, Za’im
Bin Ismail, David Ernesto Troncoso Romero, Gordana Jovanovic Dolecek, Nur Diyana Kamarudin,
Kamaruddin Abd. Ghani, Siti Noormiza Makhtar, Baizura Bohari, Noorlina Zainuddin

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First published September, 2012
Printed in Croatia

A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com
Additional hard copies can be obtained from [email protected]

MATLAB – A Fundamental Tool for Scientific Computing and Engineering Applications –
Volume 1, Edited by Vasilios N. Katsikis
p. cm.
ISBN 978-953-51-0750-7

Contents

Preface IX
Section 1 MATLAB Applications in Engineering 1
Chapter 1 PID Control Design 3
A.B. Campo
Chapter 2 Post Processing of Results of EM Field Simulators 19
Tomas Vydra and Daniel Havelka
Chapter 3 Simulation of Power Converters
Using Matlab-Simulink 43
Christophe Batard, Frédéric Poitiers,
Christophe Millet and Nicolas Ginot
Chapter 4 Performances of the PCA Method
in Electrical Machines Diagnosis Using Matlab 69
Jacques Fanjason Ramahaleomiarantsoa, Eric Jean Roy Sambatra,
Nicolas Héraud and Jean Marie Razafimahenina
Chapter 5 Dynamic and Quasi-Static Simulation of a Novel
Compliant MEMS Force Amplifier by Matlab/Simulink 89
Ergin Kosa, Levent Trabzon, Umit Sonmez and Huseyin Kizil
Chapter 6 Voltage Sag Waveform Using SagWave GUI 111
Kosol Oranpiroj, Worrajak Moangjai and Wichran Jantee
Chapter 7 Modelling and Characterization of Power
Electronics Converters Using Matlab Tools 133
Sven Fagerstrom and Nagy Bengiamin
Chapter 8 Improved DTC Algorithms for Reducing Torque
and Flux Ripples of PMSM Based on Fuzzy Logic
and PWM Techniques 167
Khalid Chikh, Mohamed Khafallah and Abdallah Saâd
VI Contents

Chapter 9 Position Estimation of the PMSM High Dynamic
Drive at Low Speed Range 195
Konrad Urbanski
Chapter 10 Digital Differential Protection of
Power Transformer Using Matlab 219
Adel Aktaibi and M. Azizur Rahman
Chapter 11 PH Control Using MATLAB 243
Mostefa Ghassoul
Chapter 12 An Advanced Transmission Line and Cable Model in
Matlab for the Simulation of Power-System Transients 269
Octavio Ramos-Leaños, Jose Luis Naredo
and Jose Alberto Gutierrez-Robles
Chapter 13 A New Modeling of
the Non-Linear Inductances in MATLAB 305
M. Ould Ahmedou, M. Ferfra, M. Chraygane and M. Maaroufi
Chapter 14 Dynamic Simulation of Electrical Machines
and Drive Systems Using MATLAB GUI 317
Viliam Fedák, Tibor Balogh and Pavel Záskalický
Section 2 Image and Signal Processing 343
Chapter 15 Image Reconstruction Methods for MATLAB Users –
A Moore-Penrose Inverse Approach 345
S. Chountasis, V.N. Katsikis and D. Pappas
Chapter 16 Artificial Human Arm Driven by EMG Signal 365
Mohammed Z. Al-Faiz and Abbas H. Miry
Chapter 17 Analysis and Modeling of Clock-Jitter
Effects in Delta-Sigma Modulators 393
Ramy Saad, Sebastian Hoyos and Samuel Palermo
Chapter 18 Matlab-Based Algorithm for Real Time Analysis of
Multiexponential Transient Signals 423
Momoh-Jimoh E. Salami, Ismaila B. Tijani,
Abdussamad U. Jibia and Za’im Bin Ismail
Chapter 19 Digital FIR Hilbert Transformers:
Fundamentals and Efficient Design Methods 445
David Ernesto Troncoso Romero and Gordana Jovanovic Dolecek
Chapter 20 Detection of Craters and Its Orientation on Lunar 483
Nur Diyana Kamarudin, Kamaruddin Abd. Ghani,
Siti Noormiza Makhtar, Baizura Bohari and Noorlina Zainuddin

Preface

"If you would be a real seeker after truth, it is necessary that at least
once in your life you doubt, as far as possible, all things."
Rene Descartes
It is well known that MATLAB is a numerical computing environment that not only
provides numerical calculations but also facilitates analytical calculations in most
engineering applications of computers.
This is the first book in a three-volume series deploying MATLAB-based applications
in almost every branch of science. The present textbook contains a collection of 20 high
quality articles. In particular, the book consists of two sections, the first one is devoted
to MATLAB applications in engineering and the second is devoted to image and signal
processing. In what follows, we present a short summary focusing on the key concepts
of each chapter.
Section 1: MATLAB applications in engineering
In chapter 1 some script MATLAB codes and Simulink models about the PID structure
applied to closed loop systems are presented. The closed loop control is used at several
industrial applications. The most used control structure is the Proportional-Integral-
Derivative (PID) controller. The MATLAB software offer several resources to analyzes
dynamical systems and to tune the parameters of this kind of controller.
Chapter 2 should give readers overall information about processing of rough data
obtained from numeric simulator of electromagnetic field (EM). Many possibilities of
visualization are be discussed with regard to practical use and with concrete examples
from researcher's practice. Part of this chapter is dedicated to processing of
multisource simulations, while the main purpose is to aid many researchers and
students in the vast field of EM research. The authors present, in detail, their
knowledge and tips which they have gathered through their studies and research
activities.
In chapter 3 the ability to simulate power converters is presented by using only
Simulink. Traditionally two approaches are used to simulate power electronic systems:
X Preface

- The first, so called fixed topology, where semiconductors are impedances with low or
high values based on their on-state or off-state. Equations system does not depend on
the state of the semiconductor. Despite its simplicity, this approach raises problems of
compromise between accuracy of the results and stability of numerical integration
methods.
- The second, so called variable topology, assimilates the switches to open-circuits or
short-circuits. The system equations then depend on the state of the semiconductor.
There are no accuracy problems but writing the equations of different configurations
can be laborious as well as obtain switching conditions of the semiconductor.
In this chapter, the authors propose a method for simulating static converters with
Simulink based on the variable topology approach where switching conditions of
semiconductor are realized by switching functions.
Chapter 4 deals with the faults diagnosis of a wound rotor synchronous machine
(WRIM) by the principal component analysis (PCA) method. This work intends to
show the strength of the PCA method in the faults diagnosis of systems, using the
WRIM as the application device. To do this, the authors propose an accurate analytical
model of the WRIM without or in the presence of faults. This model provides the
matrix data of the several characteristic quantities of the machine. These data are
included as input variables of the PCA method. Then, the authors present a complete
approach of the PCA method based on the study of residues. Simulation results show
the efficiency of the detection but require a good choice of the number of principal
components. All of above work has been then implemented in the MATLAB software.
In chapter 5 position, quasi-static behavior, velocity, acceleration and dynamic
simulations are modelled and run by MATLAB/Simulink in order to analyze the
dynamic and quasi-static behavior of the compliant MEMS amplifier.
Chapter 6 proposes the SagWave software as a visual interactive capability to
generated data for the dsPIC controller. The SagWave software can show the
waveform and the phasor of the three-phase voltage. The simulation and experimental
results have shown the simple control algorithm for generating the sag signal for
testing. The SagWave software is based on MATLAB graphic user interface (GUI) and
the hardware is based on dsPIC microcontroller.
In chapter 7 the authors use the capabilities of MATLAB and its associated SimPower
and Simulink toolboxes in the modeling and simulation of power electronics devices.
Design and analysis steps were illustrated using MATLAB and Simulink as an
engineering tool. The effectiveness of the SimPower toolbox was demonstrated via
typical examples which lead the way for further investigation. The presented
methodologies facilitate analysis, characterization, and design of efficient buck/boost
converters. Researchers and practicing engineers should find practical value in the
Preface XI

presented material. The chapter is self-contained in the sense of providing sufficient
background and theoretical development on the subject.
Chapter 8 discusses Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM's). In particular,
another solution has been presented to overcome the problems associated to DTC for
PMSM in case of motor parameters variation and/or nonlinear operating conditions,
which utilize speed FLC and an independent stator resistance estimator.
In chapter 9 the authors deal with the problem of estimation the rotor position and
speed in sensorless PMSM drive. At low speed range position estimation is
particularly difficult due to the small value of the input and estimated signals, which
are covered by measured noises and disturbances. Additional problem is to obtain
high dynamic of the proposed drive system in the observer presence in control loop.
The research was realized using MATLAB/Simulink.
In chapter 10 it is explained how to simulate a digital differential relay using
MATLAB. The following major sections are featured: a) General explanation about the
differential protection algorithm, b) The problems that is aimed to be solved using the
differential protection, c) General idea about the digital algorithms used to implement
the differential protection, d) Explanation how to implement some of the digital
algorithms using MATLAB.
Chapter 11 develops a PH control strategy using MATLAB interfaced to NI acquisition
card. The control strategy was developed using MATLAB Block Sets for fuzzy logic.
To enhance the validity of this technique, a tuned Proportional-Integral-Derivative
(PID) controller was developed and the results obtained were nowhere near those
discussed in this chapter no matter how the fine tuning of the PID.
In chapter 12 a detailed analysis and description of a line and cable model that is
based on the principles of the Universal Line Model (ULM) is discussed. Moreover, a
comprehensive description of the theoretical basis of ULM, phase domain line model
is presented. The model structure being implemented in MATLAB is provided as well
while the included application examples illustrate the model capabilities and provide
benchmarks for further model development by readers interested in the subject.
Chapter 13 presents a new approach for modeling the non-linear inductances by an
analytic expression under the MATLAB/Simulink code. The current representation is
based on the introducing point by point, by a Lookup Table bloc in Simulink, the
values of its characteristic Φ(i) outcome deduced from the values of the magnetizing
curve B-H and the geometric parameters of the corresponding portion of the magnetic
circuit. This approach can solve many problems of modeling, simulation and
optimization of the electrical networks and electric machines.
In chapter 14 the principles of development virtual models in GUI MATLAB for
chosen electrical machines and controlled drives are discussed. Moreover, it discusses
methodology and results at design of a unified series of virtual models for electrical