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The Princeton Review 24 Prime Parkway, Suite 201 Natick, MA 01760 E-mail: [email protected] Editorial Rob Franek, Senior VP, Publisher Casey Cornelius, VP Content Development Mary Beth Garrick, Director of Production Selena Coppock, Managing Editor Calvin Cato, Editor Colleen Day, Editor Aaron Riccio, Editor Meave Shelton, Editor Orion McBean, Editorial Assistant Random House Publishing Team Tom Russell, Publisher Alison Stoltzfus, Publishing Manager Melinda Ackell, Associate Managing Editor Ellen Reed, Production Manager Kristin Lindner, Production Supervisor Andrea Lau, Designer Copyright © 2015 by TPR Education IP Holdings, LLC. All rights reserved. Cover art © Freddy Eliasson/Alamy Published in the United States by Penguin Random House LLC, New York, and in Canada by Random House of Canada, a division of Penguin Random House Ltd., Toronto. eBook ISBN: 978-1-10188170-5 Trade Paperback ISBN: 978-1-101-88164-4 Editor: Calvin Cato Production Editor: Harmony Quiroz Production Artist: Deborah A. Silvestrini v3.1 Acknowledgments I’d like to thank all of the people at The Princeton Review, both those I’ve known personally and those I’ve never met. You have made the “big red arrow” a fun and interesting place to work, and I have learned a tremendous amount from you over the years. Special thanks go to Jerry Pederson, for hiring me and introducing me to the wacky world of test preparation; to Mike Gamerl, for the long-lasting appellation “GMAT Jack”; and to John Katzman, for creating The Princeton Review and making this all possible. Thanks also to David Ragsdale, Suzanne Markert, Patricia Dublin, and Marc Williams. I’d also like to thank my family and friends for their love and support. I’ve immortalized some of you in story problems in this book, which I hope brings you fame and respect, rather than infamy and embarrassment. Finally and most importantly, I want to thank my lovely wife, Christina. Your patience with my weird job and general test-geekiness is amazing. You have my love and gratitude forever. Special thanks to Adam Robinson, who conceived of and perfected the Joe Bloggs approach to standardized tests and many of the other successful techniques used by The Princeton Review. The Princeton Review would also like to give special thanks to Kyle Fox and John Fulmer for their hard work in revising and updating the current edition of Math Workout for the GMAT. Contents Cover Title Page Copyright Acknowledgments Part I: Introduction Part II: General Test-Taking Tips Part III: Content and Strategy Review 1 Data Sufficiency 1 2 Number Properties 3 Fractions, Decimals, and Percents 4 Assorted Topics 1 5 Solutions Beyond Algebra 6 Facing Algebra 7 Geometry 8 Data Sufficiency 2 9 Assorted Topics 2 10 Integrated Reasoning Part IV: GMAT Math Practice Test 11 Quantitative Practice Section 12 Answers and Explanations About the Author Part I Introduction WELCOME So you’ve just purchased this book to help boost your math skills. You want to get an MBA and you know that you need a good GMAT score to get into your top-choice business school. It may be that your math skills are a bit rusty. For example, you may not have taken many (or even any) math classes in college. These days, you probably use a calculator or computer to balance your checkbook, to crunch numbers at work, and to handle any other calculations that come your way. The result is that you haven’t really used your math muscles for several years or more. Or maybe you are comfortable with your math skills. Maybe you were the kid everyone cheated off in math class. However, you lack that edge necessary to push you over the top. You need a strong system you can use to reach that elite score. That’s the bad news. In either case, at least at some point, you did learn the math that’s tested on the GMAT. None of the concepts is more advanced than high school algebra and geometry. No trigonometry, no calculus, and no multi- variable regression analysis (whatever that is). Even the most challenging problems don’t require you to learn a lot of new stuff; you just need to refresh your memory. In the following chapters, you’ll cover the math you need to know for the GMAT—and only that. If it’s not on the test, it’s not in this book. You’ll also learn some test-taking strategies specific to the GMAT. This stuff probably won’t help you in your first-year statistics course, but it will help you to get there in the first place. In addition, this book includes an introduction to the new Integrated Reasoning section of the GMAT. THE GMAT AND BUSINESS SCHOOL ADMISSIONS You already know that you have to take the GMAT to get into business school, but there may be a number of other things you’re not so sure about. How important is the GMAT? What’s a good score? What other things do schools consider? The importance of the GMAT depends on several factors. One is how long you’ve been out of school. If you graduated a long time ago, say more than five years, then MBA programs will place more weight on your GMAT score than they would if you graduated a year or two ago. That’s because they will de-emphasize your college GPA in considering your application, thereby making your GMAT score more important in the mix. Another factor in the importance of your GMAT score is the particular GMAT score in question. In addition to the overall score (200−800 range), you will receive a separate Math score, Verbal score, Integrated Reasoning score, and AWA (Analytical Writing Assessment) essay score. With the introduction of the new Integrated Reasoning section (as part of the Next Generation GMAT), the scoring breakdown has changed. The Integrated Reasoning section is scored separately from the rest of the test. This section is a blend of math and verbal skills and it is scored on a scale of 1-8 in whole point increments. As far as scoring goes, most schools concentrate on the overall score and the Math score in their admissions decisions. They look at the overall score because it’s a broad measure of your ability. They look at the Math score because many MBA courses require significant use of quantitative skills, and the schools want to ensure that entering students have the necessary mathematical ability. A good GMAT score is one that will make you competitive with other applicants to the programs of your choice. Check with the programs you’re considering to find out the average GMAT score and GPA for the latest entering class. That GMAT score gives you a good target. If your GPA is below the average, you should shoot for a higher GMAT score to compensate.

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Ace the Quantitative section of the GMAT with help from The Princeton Review.Are difficulties with data sufficiency or problem-solving dragging your GMAT score down? If so, this is the workbook for you. Designed for students specifically looking to sharpen their math skills, this 5th edition of The