Materials and Techniques of Post Tonal Music

351 Pages·2011·12.972 MB·English

by  Stefan Kostka

Materials and Techniques
of Post-Tonal Music
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Materials and Techniques
of Post-Tonal Music
F E
OURTH DITION
Stefan Kostka
University of Texas at Austin
First published 2012, 2006, 1999 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Published 2016by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA
Routledge is an imprintof the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
Copyright © 2012, 2006, 1999 Taylor & Francis. All rights reserved.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in
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Notice:
Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are
used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission,
in this textbook appear on appropriate page within text.
ISBN: 9780205794553 (pbk)
Cover Design: Bruce Kenselaar
L ibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Kostka, Stefan M.
Materials and techniques of post-tonal music/Stefan Kostka.—4th ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-205-79455-6 (alk. paper)
1. Composition (Music) I. Title.
MT40.K8 2011
781.309’04—dc22
2011005281
For my mother and father
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Contents
PREFACE xv
1 THE TWILIGHT OF THE TONAL SYSTEM 1
INTRODUCTION 1
DIATONIC TONAL MUSIC 1
CHROMATIC TONAL MUSIC 2
SOME ASPECTS OF CHROMATIC HARMONY 2
SUSPENDED TONALITY AND ATONALITY 8
SUMMARY 9
NOTES 9
EXERCISES 10
2 SCALE FORMATIONS IN POST-TONAL MUSIC 16
INTRODUCTION 16
FIVE-NOTE SCALES 16
vii
viii Contents
SIX-NOTE SCALES 18
SEVEN-NOTE SCALES: THE DIATONIC MODES 21
OTHER SEVEN-NOTE SCALES 24
EIGHT-NOTE SCALES 25
THE CHROMATIC SCALE 27
MICROTONAL SCALES 28
OTHER POSSIBILITIES 29
SUMMARY 31
NOTES 31
EXERCISES 32
3 THE VERTICAL DIMENSION:
CHORDS AND SIMULTANEITIES 41
INTRODUCTION 41
CONVENTIONAL TERTIAN SONORITIES 42
TERTIAN CHORDS WITH ADDED NOTES 44
TERTIAN CHORDS WITH SPLIT CHORD MEMBERS 47
OPEN-5TH CHORDS 49
QUARTAL AND QUINTAL CHORDS 49
SECUNDAL CHORDS 54
MIXED-INTERVAL CHORDS 54
WHOLE-TONE CHORDS 57
POLYCHORDS 58
SUMMARY 60
NOTES 61
EXERCISES 61
4 THE HORIZONTAL DIMENSION:
MELODY AND VOICE LEADING 68
INTRODUCTION 68
SOME NEW STYLISTIC FEATURES OF POST-TONAL
MELODY 68
Contents ix
SOME ASPECTS OF MELODIC ORGANIZATION 71
VOICE LEADING IN POST-TONAL MUSIC 73
PARALLELISM 75
DISSONANCE TREATMENT 79
TINTINNABULI TECHNIQUE 80
ALIGNED INTERVAL CYCLES 81
SUMMARY 83
NOTES 83
EXERCISES 84
5 HARMONIC PROGRESSION
AND TONALITY 8 9
INTRODUCTION 89
TRADITIONAL APPROACHES TO HARMONIC
PROGRESSION 89
NEW APPROACHES TO HARMONIC PROGRESSION 90
ESTABLISHING A TONAL CENTER 92
TERTIAN AND NONTERTIAN PITCH-CENTRICITY 93
POLYTONALITY 95
PANDIATONICISM 97
ATONALITY 97
NONHARMONIC MUSIC 98
SUMMARY 99
NOTES 99
EXERCISES 99
6 DEVELOPMENTS IN RHYTHM 104
INTRODUCTION 104
WRITTEN RHYTHM AND PERCEIVED RHYTHM 105
CHANGING TIME SIGNATURES 106
NONTRADITIONAL TIME SIGNATURES 107
POLYMETER 108
AMETRIC MUSIC 112