Also by Donald L. Miller D-Days in the Pacific The Story of World War II City of the Century: The Epic of Chicago and the Making of America Lewis Mumford, A Life The Lewis Mumford Reader The Kingdom of Coal: Work, Enterprise, and Ethnic Communities in the Mine Fields (with Richard Sharpless) The New American Radicalism SIMON & SCHUSTER Rockefeller Center 1230 Avenue of the Americas New York, NY 10020 Copyright © 2006 by Donald L. Miller All rights reserved, including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form. SIMON & SCHUSTER and colophon are registered trademarks of Simon & Schuster, Inc. Maps by Paul Pugliese Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Miller, Donald L., date. Masters of the air: America’s bomber boys who fought the air war against Nazi Germany / Donald L. Miller. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. World War, 1939–1945—Aerial operations, American. 2. United States. Army Air Forces. Air Force, 8th—History. 3. World War, 1939–1945— Campaigns—Western Front. 4. Bomber pilots—United States—Biography. I. Title. D790.228th.M55 2006 940.54'4973—dc22 2006050461 ISBN-10: 0-7432-9832-2 ISBN-13: 978-0-7432-9832-2 Photo Credits Hundredth Bomb Group Archives, Historian, Michael Faley: 4, 5. Louis Loevsky: 44. Mighty Eighth Air Force Museum, Savannah, Georgia: 3, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 18, 22, 28, 29, 30, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 40, 41, 45, 46. National Archives and Record Administration, College Park, Maryland: 1, 2, 6, 11, 12, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 31, 32, 39, 42, 43. Visit us on the World Wide Web: http://www.SimonSays.com To the gang at the Black Cat Bar: Alyssa, Alexis, Ashlee, Devin, Austin, and Mason Contents Prologue: The Bloody Hundredth ONE The Bomber Mafia TWO Eaker’s Amateurs THREE The Dangerous Sky FOUR Airman Down! FIVE The Anatomy of Courage SIX Teach Them to Kill SEVEN The Bells of Hell EIGHT Men at War NINE The Turning TEN Liberated Skies ELEVEN The Fatal Trap TWELVE Prisoners of the Swiss THIRTEEN My Bellyful of War FOURTEEN The Wire FIFTEEN Terror Without End SIXTEEN The Chimneys Hardly Ever Fall Down SEVENTEEN A Pageant of Misery Epilogue Acknowledgments Notes Bibliography Index In the spring of 1944…we were masters in the air. The bitterness of the struggle had thrown a greater strain on the Luftwaffe than it was able to bear…. For our air superiority, which by the end of 1944 was to become air supremacy, full tribute must be paid to the United States Eighth Air Force. WINSTON CHURCHILL, Closing the Ring There was a consciousness always of the presence of his comrades about him. He felt the subtle battle brotherhood more potent even than the cause for which they were fighting. It was a mysterious fraternity born of the smoke and danger of death. STEPHEN CRANE, The Red Badge of Courage
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