Mastering the Internet

266 Pages·1997·20.314 MB·English

by  William Buchanan BSc, CEng, PhD (auth.)

Mastering
0
The Internet
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Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS, England
Mastering
o
The Internet
William Buchanan, BSc, CEng, PhD
Senior Lecturer
Department ofE lectrical and Electronic Engineering
Napier University
Edinburgh
Series Editor
Timothy Davies
Computer Consultant
~
MACMIllAN
This book is dedicated to the memory of my Father.
C William Buchanan 1997
All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of
this publication may be made without written permission.
No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or
transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with
the provision of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying
issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court
Road. London WIP 9HE.
Any person who does any unathorised act in relation to this
publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil
claims for damages.
The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author
of this work in accordance with the Copyright. Designs and
Patents Act 1988.
First edition 1997
Published by
MACMILLAN PRESS LTD
Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS
and London
Companies and representatives
throughout the world
ISBN 978-0-333-69261-5 ISBN 978-1-349-14456-3 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-14456-3
A catalogue record for this book is available
from the British Library.
This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and
made from fully managed and sustained forest sources.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
06 05 04 03 02 01 00 99 98 97
o
Contents
Preface ix
1 Introduction to the Internet 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Standardised addressing 1
1.3 LANs, WANs and MANs 2
1.4 OSImodel 4
1.5 Network cable types 6
1.6 LAN Topology 8
1.7 Network topologies 9
1.8 Routers, bridges and repeaters 12
1.9 Exercises 15
2 Local Area Networks (Ethernet) 19
2.1 Introduction 19
2.2 IEEE standards 20
2.3 Ethernet -media access control (MAC) layer 21
2.4 Ethernet transceivers 22
2.5 Ethernet types 23
2.6 Twisted-pair hubs 24
2.7 100 Mbps Ethernet 26
2.8 Exercises 28
3 TCPIIP 33
3.1 Introduction 33
3.2 TCPIIP gateways and hosts 34
3.3 Function of the IP protocol 35
3.4 Internet datagram 35
3.5 ICMP 37
3.6 TCPIIP intemets 38
3.7 Domain name system 43
3.8 Internet naming structure 43
3.9 Domain name server 44
3.10 Example network 45
3.11 Exercises 47
3.12 Tutorial 48
4 TCPIIP II 49
4.1 Introduction 49
4.2 IPVer6 49
4.3 Transmission control protocol 51
4.4 TCPIIP commands 53
4.5 Exercises 60
4.6 Tutorial 61
5 Electronic Mail 63
5.1 Introduction 63
5.2 Shared-file versus client/server approach 64
5.3 Electronic mail overview 65
5.4 Internet email address 67
5.5 SMTP 68
5.6 X.400 74
5.7 MIME 75
5.8 Exercises 83
5.9 Tutorial 86
6 The World Wide Web 87
6.1 Introduction 87
6.2 www topology 88
6.3 Typical Web browsers 93
6.4 Web browser design 94
6.5 Client/server architecture 96
6.6 Internet resources 97
6.7 Universal Resource Locators (URLs) 98
6.8 Universal resource identifier 101
6.9 Exercises 101
6.10 Tutorial 103
7 Intranets and HTTP 105
7.1 Introduction 105
7.2 Intranets 105
7.3 Firewalls 106
7.4 HTTP 109
7.5 Exercises 117
7.6 Tutorial 118
8 HTML (Introduction) 119
8.1 Introduction 119
8.2 Links 121
8.3 Lists 122
8.4 Colours 126
8.5 Background images 128
8.6 Displaying images 129
8.7 Horizontal lines 132
8.8 Exercises 133
8.9 Tutorial 136
9 HTML (Tables, Forms and Helpers) 139
VI Mastering the Internet
9.1 Introduction 139
9.2 Anchors 139
9.3 Tables 141
9.4 COl scripts 144
9.5 Forms 144
9.6 Multimedia 149
9.7 Exercise 151
9.8 Tutorial 152
10 JavaScript 155
10.1 Introduction 155
10.2 JavaScript 157
10.3 JavaScript values, variables and literals 158
10.4 Expressions and operators 161
10.5 JavaScript operators 162
10.6 JavaScript statements 167
10.7 Conditional statements 167
10.8 Loops 168
10.9 Comments 169
10.10 Functions 169
10.11 Objects and properties 171
10.12 Document objects 171
10.13 Event handling 172
10.14 Window objects 173
10.15 Object manipulation statements and operators 175
10.16 Tutorial 178
11 Java (Introduction) 179
11.1 Introduction 179
11.2 Creating an applet 182
11.3 Applet basics 184
11.4 Standalone programs 187
11.5 Java reserved words 188
11.6 Applet variables 188
11.7 Java operators 189
11.8 Mathematical operations 189
11.9 Loops 192
11.10 Conditional statements 193
11.11 Exercises 194
11.12 Tutorial 195
12 Java (Extended functions) 197
12.1 Introduction 197
12.2 Initialization and exit functions 197
12.3 Mouse events 199
12.4 Mouse selection 200
Contents vii
12.5 Keyboard input 201
12.6 Graphics images 204
12.7 Graphics 205
12.8 Sound 209
12.9 Dialog-boxes 210
12.10 Fonts 214
12.11 Exercises 215
12.12 Tutorial 216
13 Windows NT/95 Networking 219
13.1 Introduction 219
13.2 Novell NetWare networking 220
13.3 Servers, workstations and clients 220
13.4 Workgroups and domains 221
13.5 Windows NT/95 networking 222
13.6 Setting up TCPIIP networking on Windows NT/95 225
13.7 Windows sockets 229
13.8 TCPIIP applications 229
13.9 Windows NT network drives 230
13.10 Point-to-point protocol (PPP) 232
13.11 Exercises 235
13 .12 Tutorial 236
A ASCII Coding 237
A.l ASCII character set 237
A.2 Extended ASCII code 239
B lAB Recommendations 241
C Java Classes 245
D Common Abbreviations 251
Index 255
viii Mastering the Internet
o
Preface
Data communications is now becoming one of the greatest industries in the
world. The key to this growth is the use of the Internet which provides a
global interconnection of networks and independently connected computers,
using a standard communications standard known as TCPIIP.
Many people confuse the Internet with the World Wide Web (WWW), but
the WWW is just one application of the Internet. Other uses include the
transmission of electronic mail, remote computer login, transmission of re
mote data and control of remote devices.
This book covers the main technologies of the Internet, these are:
• Local area networks (Chapter 2).
• TCPIIP (Chapters 3 and 4).
• Electronic Mail (Chapter 5).
• WWW (Chapter 6).
• HTTP and Intranets (Chapter 7).
• HTML (Chapters 8 and 9).
• Javascript (Chapter 10).
• Java (Chapters 11 and 12).
• Windows NT/95 (Chapter 13).
One of the growth in the computing industry in the next few years will be in
the development of Java programs. This book gives a basic introduction to
Java programming, as well as an introduction to HTML programming.
Further information, from the author, on related subjects, such as emerging
technologies and the diagrams from the text, is available on the WWW page:
http://www.eece.napier.ac.uk/-bill_b/mti.html
Help from the author can also be sought using the email address:
[email protected]
or, if unavailable, send an email [email protected] . uk
Dr William J Buchanan, Napier University.
ix