Mastering Digital SLR Photography David D. Busch © 2005 by Thomson Course Technology PTR. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including pho- tocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system without written permission from Thomson Course Technology PTR, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review. The Thomson Course Technology PTR logo and related trade dress are trademarks of Thomson Course Technology PTR and may not be used without written permission. SVP, Thomson Course Technology PTR:Andy Shafran Publisher:Stacy L. Hiquet Senior Marketing Manager:Sarah O’Donnell Marketing Manager: Heather Hurley Manager of Editorial Services:Heather Talbot Senior Acquisitions Editor:Kevin Harreld Senior Editor:Mark Garvey Associate Marketing Manager:Kristin Eisenzopf Marketing Coordinator:Jordan Casey Project Editor:Jenny Davidson Technical Reviewer:Michael D. 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ISBN: 1-59200-605-1 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2004114410 Printed in the United States of America 04 05 06 07 08 BU 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Thomson Course Technology PTR, a division of Thomson Course Technology 25 Thomson Place ■ Boston, MA 02210 ■ http://www.courseptr.com For Jonathan and Teryn Acknowledgments Once again thanks to Andy Shafran, who realizes that a book about digital photography deserves nothing less than a full-color treatment, and knows how to publish such a book at a price that everyone can afford. It’s refreshing to work for a publisher who has actually written best-selling books on imaging, too. Also, thanks to senior editor Kevin Harreld, for valuable advice as the book progressed, as well as project editor, Jenny Davidson; interior layout, Bill Hartman; indexer, Sharon Shock; proofreader, Nancy Sixsmith; and book/cover designer, Mike Tanamachi. Also thanks to my agent, Carole McClendon, who has the amazing ability to keep both pub- lishers and authors happy. About the Author As a roving photojournalist for more than 20 years, David D. Buschillustrated his books, magazine articles, and newspaper reports with award-winning images. He’s operated his own commercial studio, suffocated in formal dress while shooting weddings-for-hire, and shot sports for a daily newspaper and Upstate New York college. His photos have been published in mag- azines as diverse as Scientific AmericanandPetersen’s PhotoGraphic, and his articles have appeared inPopular Photography & Imaging,The Rangefinder, The Professional Photographer,and hun- dreds of other publications. He’s currently reviewing digital cameras for CNet. WhenAbout.comrecently named its top five books on Beginning Digital Photography, occu- pying the #1 and #2 slots were Busch’s Digital Photography All-In-One Desk Reference for DummiesandMastering Digital Photography.His 78 other books published since 1983 include bestsellers such as The Official Hewlett-Packard Scanner HandbookandAdobePhotoshop CS: Photographers’ Guide. When his last digital photography book, Digital Photography:From Camera to Printer, Print to Computer, Videotape to DVD, and More!debuted in October 2004, it appeared on the Amazon.com bestseller list sandwiched between a photography book by Ringo Starr and a thriller from The Da Vinci Code’s Dan Brown. Busch earned top-category honors in the Computer Press Awards the first two years they were given (for Sorry About the ExplosionandSecrets of MacWrite, MacPaint and MacDraw), and later served as Master of Ceremonies for the awards. Contributor Bio Technical Editor, Michael D. Sullivanadded a great deal to this book, in addition to check- ing all the text for technical accuracy. A veteran photographer (in the military sense of the word!), he contributed some of the images in this book and volunteered his expertise in Mac OS X for important behind-the-scenes testing of software and hardware. Mike began his photo career in high school where he first learned the craft and amazed his classmates by having Monday morning coverage of Saturday’s big game pictured on the school bulletin board. Sullivan pursued his interest in photography into the U.S. Navy, graduating in the top ten of his photo school class. Following Navy photo assignments in Bermuda and Arizona, he earned a B.A. degree from West Virginia Wesleyan College. He became publicity coordinator for Eastman Kodak Company’s largest division, where he directed the press introduction of the company’s major consumer products and guided their continuing promotion. Following a 25-year stint with Kodak, Sullivan pursued a second career with a PR agency as a writer-photographer covering technical imaging subjects and producing articles that appeared in leading trade publications. In recent years, Sullivan has used his imag- ing expertise as a technical editor specializing in digital imaging and photographic subjects for top-selling books. This page intentionally left blank Contents at a Glance Preface ........................................................xvii Introduction ...................................................xix 1 Digital SLR Photography Now and in the Future...1 2 Digital SLR Technology Made Easy...................19 3 Mastering Your dSLR’s Controls .......................49 4 dSLR Quirks and Strengths ..............................67 5 Working RAW .................................................87 6 Working with Lenses.....................................113 7 Close-Up Photography...................................129 8 Capturing Action...........................................145 9 Composition and dSLRs.................................179 10 Mastering dSLR Special Features...................201 A Illustrated Glossary.......................................221 Index............................................................243 This page intentionally left blank Contents Preface ...............................................................xvii Introduction .........................................................xix 1 Digital SLR Photography Now and in the Future .........1 Digital SLRs for the Masses ......................................................................................1 A Little History .........................................................................................................3 A Little Future ..........................................................................................................5 The Near Future ..................................................................................................5 Farther Down the Road .......................................................................................6 The Case for and Against Full Frame Sensors ..................................................6 A Full-Frame Compromise .............................................................................8 More Innovations ...........................................................................................9 Why dSLR? ............................................................................................................10 Four dSLR Advantages Unrelated to Single-Lens Reflexiveness ..........................10 Four Major Advantages Unique to dSLRs ..........................................................12 Five dSLR Downsides ........................................................................................13 Using What You Already Know ..............................................................................14 What You’ll Use Your dSLR For ..............................................................................15 Bye Bye Film? ....................................................................................................15 Where Digital Dominates ..................................................................................16 Next Up ..................................................................................................................17 2 Digital SLR Technology Made Easy .........................19 Sensors and Sensibility ............................................................................................21 Sensor Overview ................................................................................................21 CCDs in Depth .................................................................................................23 CMOS in Depth ...............................................................................................24 Noise and Sensitivity ..........................................................................................25 Dynamic Range .................................................................................................26 Controlling Exposure Time .....................................................................................28