Master Handbook of Acoustics

481 Pages·2009·12.16 MB·English

by  F. Alton Everest

iPhone™ SDK
Programming:
A Beginner’s Guide
James A. Brannan
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For Timothy Hill and Doctor Ronald Holt. This book is not some lofty political or
anthropological treatise, but it was fun writing.
About the Author
By day, James A. Brannan works as a Java SOA engineer. By
night, he writes computer books. This is his second book, and
he has a third on the way. By necessity, he programs using Java
during the day, but likes Objective-C much more. He has two
kids, a wife, two Macs, and a bicycle, but no dog. He lives in
Gaithersburg, Maryland.
About the Technical Editor
Billy Meyers has been programming for about 15 years, and his
most recent work of note is his task manager program for the
iPhone called To Do’s by AustinBull Software, which is one of
the most popular free task managers available in Apple’s App
Store. He began writing code in junior high and high school,
and is now working on completing a second degree in Computer
Science at Texas A&M University in Commerce, Texas.
Contents
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................. xiii
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................... xv
1 The iPhone Software Development Kit (SDK) ............................ 1
The App Store ...................................................................... 2
The Software Development Kit (SDK) .............................................. 4
Paid Membership ............................................................. 5
Objective-C, Foundation Framework, Cocoa Touch, and UIKit ...................... 5
Cocoa Touch ................................................................. 5
Foundation Framework ....................................................... 6
The iPhone Frameworks ...................................................... 6
iPhone Limitations .................................................................. 7
Memory and Processor Speed ................................................. 7
Small Screen ................................................................. 8
Security ...................................................................... 8
Short-Lived Applications ..................................................... 8
Manual Memory Management ................................................ 9
Relevant Documentation ............................................................ 9
Try This: Getting a Quick Start on iPhone Development ............................. 9
Summary ........................................................................... 23
v
vi iPhone SDK Programming: A Beginner’s Guide
2 A C Refresher ............................................................. 25
C Command-Line Programs ........................................................ 26
Try This: Creating a Simple C Program Using Xcode ............................... 27
C Comments ....................................................................... 28
Understanding Headers, Import, and Include ........................................ 28
Try This: Creating a Header File .................................................... 28
Preprocessor Statements ............................................................ 30
Try This: Using Preprocessor Statement ............................................. 30
Data Types and Operators ........................................................... 31
Control, Functions, and Conditional Statements ..................................... 32
Arrays and Structures ............................................................... 33
Functions ........................................................................... 34
The printf Method .................................................................. 35
Pointers ............................................................................ 35
Try This: Using Pointers ............................................................ 36
Dereferencing a Pointer ............................................................. 37
Pointers and Arrays ................................................................. 37
Try This: Using an Array with Pointers .............................................. 38
Summary ........................................................................... 39
3 Just Enough Objective-C—Part One ..................................... 41
Objective-C Classes and Objects .................................................... 42
Class Interface and Implementation ................................................. 42
Try This: Generating an Objective-C Class’s Interface and Implementation .......... 43
The @interface and @implementation Compiler Directives ......................... 43
Method Declaration and Definition ................................................. 45
Try This: Adding sayHello to the Simple Class ...................................... 45
Interface Anatomy .................................................................. 46
Implementation Anatomy ........................................................... 47
Public, Private, and Protected Instance Variables .................................... 47
Understanding Simple Messaging ................................................... 49
Using self in a Message ............................................................. 50
Nested Arguments .................................................................. 50
Class and Instance Methods ......................................................... 50
Try This: Adding sayGoodBye as a Class Method to Simple ......................... 51
The alloc and init Methods .......................................................... 53
Managing Memory Using Retain and Release ....................................... 53
Try This: Using Manual Memory Management ...................................... 56
Instance Variables and Memory ..................................................... 57
Managing Memory Using Autorelease .............................................. 59
Summary ........................................................................... 60
Contents vii
4 Just Enough Objective-C—Part Two ..................................... 61
Properties .......................................................................... 62
Retain ........................................................................ 64
Assign ........................................................................ 64
Copy ......................................................................... 65
Releasing Properties .......................................................... 66
Multiple-Argument Messages ....................................................... 66
Try This: Creating a Simple Multiple-Argument Message ........................... 67
Understanding the id Variable Type, Dynamic Typing, and Dynamic Binding ........ 69
The id Type ................................................................... 69
Dynamic Binding and Dynamic Typing ....................................... 69
Understanding Inheritance .......................................................... 70
Overriding Methods .......................................................... 70
Overloading Methods ......................................................... 71
Using Categories ................................................................... 71
Using Protocols ..................................................................... 72
Handling Exceptions ................................................................ 74
Summary ........................................................................... 75
5 Deploying to an iPhone, Debugging, and Testing .......................... 77
Installing Applications on an iPhone ................................................ 79
Membership .................................................................. 79
Certificates, Devices, Application IDs, and Provisioning ....................... 80
Try This: Deploying an Application to iPhone ....................................... 83
Debugging .......................................................................... 88
Using the Debugger ........................................................... 88
Try This: Debugging an Application ................................................ 93
NSZombieEnabled ........................................................... 96
Try This: Enabling Zombies ........................................................ 98
Instruments—Leaks .......................................................... 100
Try This: Find a Memory Leak ..................................................... 101
Find a Memory Leak on iPhone Simulator .................................... 101
Deploying and Distributing Your Application ........................................ 104
Deploying Your Application ................................................... 104
Distributing Your App ......................................................... 105
Summary ........................................................................... 107
6 UIApplication and UIApplicationDelegate ................................ 109
Try This: Adding a UIView and UIViewController to a UIApplicationDelegate ...... 110
Connecting UIWindow, UIApplication, and UIApplicationDelegate ................. 116
Try This: Exploring MainWindow.xib ............................................... 117
viii iPhone SDK Programming: A Beginner’s Guide
UIApplication and UIApplicationDelegate .......................................... 118
The main.m file ............................................................... 119
Handling Application Life Cycle Events ...................................... 119
Application Interruptions ..................................................... 122
Try This: Handling Application Interruptions ........................................ 122
Summary ........................................................................... 123
7 UIView and UIViewController ............................................ 125
The UIView Class .................................................................. 126
The UIViewController Class ........................................................ 127
View-based Application Template ................................................... 128
IBOutlet and IBAction .............................................................. 128
Try This: Using a View-based Application Template ................................. 129
Try This: Using a Window-based Application Template ............................. 131
UIViewController and Application Life Cycle Events ............................... 135
Try This: Exploring Several Life Cycle Methods .................................... 136
Summary ........................................................................... 138
8 UITabBar and UITabBarController ...................................... 139
UITabBar, UITabBarController, UITabBarItem, and UITabBarControllerDelegate .... 140
Try This: Using the Tab Bar Application Template .................................. 143
Try This: Adding a Tab Bar Item to a Tab Bar Application ........................... 145
Try This: Creating a Tab Bar Application from Scratch .............................. 147
Try This: Allowing Users to Customize a Tab Bar ................................... 150
Summary ........................................................................... 155
9 UINavigationBar and UINavigationController ........................... 157
UINavigationBar, UINavigationController, and UINavigationItem ................... 160
Try This: Building a Three-View Application Using a Navigation Bar ............... 161
Adding Another View ......................................................... 170
Try This: Duplicating the Utility Application ........................................ 174
More on the UINavigationController ................................................ 178
Pushing and Popping ......................................................... 178
Configuring the Navigation Bar ............................................... 178
Try This: Using a Navigation Controller in a Tab .................................... 179
Summary ........................................................................... 184
10 Tables Using UITableView and UITableViewController .................. 185
UITableView ....................................................................... 187
UITableViewDelegate and UITableViewDataSource ................................. 189
UITableViewDelegate ........................................................ 189
UITableViewDataSource ...................................................... 190
Try This: Adopting the UITableViewDelegate and UITableViewDataSource ......... 191
UITableViewController ............................................................. 198
Contents ix
Try This: Using a UITableViewController ........................................... 198
Grouping and Indexing ............................................................. 201
Grouped Table Style .......................................................... 201
Try This: Grouping ................................................................. 202
Indexing ...................................................................... 205
Try This: Indexing .................................................................. 206
Images in Tables .................................................................... 208
Try This: Adding an Image .......................................................... 208
Selecting Rows ..................................................................... 210
Try This: Row Selection ............................................................. 211
Changing Row Height .............................................................. 212
Try This: Changing Row Height ..................................................... 212
Accessorizing Table Cells ........................................................... 213
Try This: Accessorizing a Table Cell ................................................. 213
Customizing a Table Cell ........................................................... 215
Try This: Customizing a Cell Using Interface Builder ................................ 215
Using Tables with Navigation Bars and Tabs ........................................ 220
Try This: Using a Table in a Navigation Controller in a Tab .......................... 220
Editing Table Cells ................................................................. 227
Getting to Edit Mode ......................................................... 227
Edit Mode Methods ........................................................... 228
Try This: Editing Rows .............................................................. 230
Summary ........................................................................... 239
11 Activity, Progress and Alerting Users ..................................... 241
Showing Activity—the UIActivityIndicatorView .................................... 242
Try This: Using a UIActivityIndicatorView .......................................... 245
Showing Progress—the UIProgressView ............................................ 249
Try This: Using a UIProgressView .................................................. 249
Alerting Users ...................................................................... 256
UIAlertView and UIAlertViewDelegate ....................................... 257
Try This: Creating a Simple UIAlertView ........................................... 258
Try This: Using an Alert with Multiple Buttons ...................................... 260
UIActionSheet and UIActionSheetDelegate ................................... 262
Try This: Using a UIActionSheet .................................................... 262
Application Badges ................................................................. 265
Try This: Adding an Application Badge ............................................. 265
Summary ........................................................................... 267
12 Controls—Part One ....................................................... 269
Buttons ............................................................................. 271
UIButton with a Background Image and Image ................................ 271
Try This: Using a Custom Button Background Image and Image ..................... 272
Button Types ....................................................................... 277