master ap english language & composition

288 Pages·2013·2.8 MB·English

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About Peterson’s
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Previously published as Peterson’s AP English Language & Composition © 2005. Previous edition © 2007.
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ISBN-13: 978-0-7689-4185-2
Printed in the United States of America
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 20 19 18
Third Edition
Petersonspublishingcom/publishing updates
Check out our website at www.petersonspublishing.com/publishingupdates to see if there is any new information
regarding the test and any revisions or corrections to the content of this book. We’ve made sure the information in this
book is accurate and up-to-date; however, the test format or content may have changed since the time of publication.
iv Contents
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Master the™ AP® English Language & Composition Exam
Contents
Before You Begin ......................................................................................vii
How This Book Is Organized ...............................................................................vii
Special Study Features ...........................................................................................vii
How to Plan for your Test Using This Book ........................................................viii
You’re Well on Your Way to Success ....................................................................viii
Give Us Your Feedback ........................................................................................viii
Works Referenced ...................................................................................................ix
Top 10 Strategies to Raise Your Score ....................................................................xi
PART I: AP® ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND
COMPOSITION EXAM BASICS
1 All About the AP® English Language and Composition Exam ...............3
The AP® English Language and Composition Exam: An Overview ....................4
Exam Registration Essentials ................................................................................10
Getting Ready for Exam Day ................................................................................10
Building an Effective Study Plan ..........................................................................12
Summing It Up ......................................................................................................18
PART II: AP® ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND
COMPOSITION EXAM STRATEGIES
2 Multiple-Choice Questions on the AP® English Language and
Composition Exam ............................................................................21
What’s the Point? ..................................................................................................22
What You Need to Know .....................................................................................23
Key Terms and Concepts ......................................................................................24
How to Approach a Passage .................................................................................34
Sample Question Types ........................................................................................44
Sample Practice Passages ......................................................................................53
Summing It Up ......................................................................................................66
3 Free-Response Questions on the AP® English Language and
Composition Exam ............................................................................67
What is Your Ideal Writing Response? .................................................................67
How to Approach a Prompt ..................................................................................68
Pre-Writing Strategies ............................................................................................74
The Three Essay Types ..........................................................................................74
Timeline for Test-Day Writing ............................................................................101
Guidelines for Writing a Good AP® Essay ........................................................103
Sample Prompts and Passages .............................................................................105
Summing It Up ....................................................................................................121
v
vi Contents
PART III: THREE PRACTICE TESTS
4 Practice Test 1 .................................................................................125
Answer Sheet Practice Test 1 ..............................................................................127
Practice Test 1 .....................................................................................................135
Answer Key and Explanations ............................................................................165
5 Practice Test 2 .................................................................................181
Answer Sheet Practice Test 2 ..............................................................................183
Practice Test 2 ......................................................................................................191
Answer Key and Explanations .............................................................................217
6 Practice Test 3 .................................................................................237
Answer Sheet Practice Test 3 ..............................................................................239
Practice Test 3 .....................................................................................................247
Answer Key and Explanations ............................................................................279
Master the™ AP® English Language & Composition Exam
Before You Begin
HOW THIS BOOK IS ORGANIZED
Whether you have five months, nine weeks, or just two short weeks to prepare for the exam,
Peterson’s Master the ™ AP® English Language & Composition Exam will help you develop a
study plan that caters to your individual needs and timetable. These step-by-step plans are
easy to follow and remarkably effective.
• Top 10 Strategies to Raise Your Score gives you tried and true test-taking strategies.
• Part I includes the basic information about the AP® English Language and
Composition Exam that you need to know.
• Part II provides the review and strategies for answering the different kinds of
multiple-choice questions on nonfiction prose and numerous opportunities to
practice what you are learning. It is a good idea to read the answer explanations
to all of the questions because you may find ideas or tips that will help you better
analyze the answers to questions in the next Practice Test you take.
• Part III includes three additional practice tests. Remember to apply the test-taking
system carefully, work the system to get more correct responses, and be careful of
your time in order to answer more questions in the time period.
SPECIAL STUDY FEATURES
Peterson’s Master the ™ AP® English Language & Composition Exam was designed to be as
user-friendly as it is complete. It includes several features to make your preparation easier.
Overview
Each chapter begins with a bulleted overview listing the topics that will be covered in the
chapter. You know immediately where to look for a topic that you need to work on.
Summing It Up
Each strategy chapter ends with a point-by-point summary that captures the most important
points. The summaries are a convenient way to review the content of these strategy chapters.
vii
viii Contents
Bonus Information
You will find three types of notes in the margins of the Master the ™ AP® English Language &
Composition Exam book to alert you to important information.
NOTE
Margin notes marked “Note” highlight information about the test structure itself.
TIP
Tips draw your attention to valuable concepts, advice, and shortcuts for tackling the exam. By reading
the tips, you will learn how to approach different question types, pace yourself, and remember what
was discussed previously in the book.
HOW TO PLAN FOR YOUR TEST USING THIS BOOK
This books consists of a section on the content, structure, scoring of as well as useful strategies for
success on the exam followed by three chapters of content review and three full-length practice
tests with full explanations. Each content chapter also provides review exercises and walkthroughs
designed to help you get up to speed.
You may already know what you know and don’t know. If not, and frankly even if you think you do,
we’d recommend taking any of the three full-length tests first, without studying, as a “diagnostic
test” (with the proper timing, using a bubble sheet, at 8aM, in a testlike environment, etc.) in order
to see where your weaknesses lie. Let your results guide your use of this book. After reviewing your
test results, note what content you need to work on and study for first.
For more specific test-prep timeline information, see our “Building an Effective Study Plan” section
on page 24.
YOU’RE WELL ON YOUR WAY TO SUCCESS
Remember that knowledge is power. You will be studying the most comprehensive guide available,
and you will become extremely knowledgeable about the exam. We look forward to helping you
raise your score.
GIVE US YOUR FEEDBACK
Peterson’s publishes a full line of books-test prep, education exploration, financial aid, and career
preparation. Peterson’s publications can be found in high school guidance counselor offices, college
libraries and career centers, and your local bookstore and library.
We welcome any comments or suggestions you may have about this publication. Please call our cus-
tomer service department at 800-338-3282 ext. 54229 or send an email to [email protected].
Master the™ AP® English Language & Composition Exam
Before You Begin ix
WORKS REFERENCED
The following list represents all the works of literature discussed in this book, broken out by chapter.
Chapter 2
Excerpts from essays by Michel de Montaigne
Excerpt from NASA Confirms Evidence That Liquid Water Flows on Today’s Mars, NASA.gov
Excerpt from Six Months in Mexico, by Nellie Bly
Excerpt from The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin
Excerpts from essays by Leo Tolstoy
Excerpts from essays by George Eliot
Excerpts from History of the Impeachment of Andrew Johnson, President of the United States,
by Edmund G. Ross
Excerpt from The Personal Memoirs of General Ulysses S. Grant
Excerpt from Magmas to Metals, USGS.gov
Chapter 3:
Excerpt from The Life and Work of Susan B. Anthony, by Ida Husted Harper
Excerpts from “Protected Bicycle Lanes in NYC”, New York City Department of Trans-
portation (2014)
Excerpt from Testing of investigational inactivated Zika vaccine in humans begins, nih.gov
Excerpt from An Estimate of the True Value of Vaccination as a Security Against Small Pox, by
T. M. Greenhow
Excerpt from “Controversies and challenges of vaccination: an interview with Elizabeth
Miller,” nih.gov
Eulogy for Chief Justice of the Supreme Court Joseph Story, by Daniel Webster
Except from Rethinking the National Parks for the 21st Century: A Report of the National Park
System Advisory Board, nps.gov
Excerpt from The Book of the National Parks, by Robert Sterling
Chapter 4
Excerpt from “A Plea for Captain John Brown” by Henry David Thoreau
Excerpt from “Louis Pasteur and His Work” by Patrick Geddes and J. Arthur Thomson
Excerpts from an essay by Robert Louis Stevenson
Excerpts from essays by George Eliot
www.petersons.com
x Contents
Excerpt from a letter written by Abigail Adams
Excerpt from On Liberty, by John Stuart Mill
Chapter 5
Excerpt from “Instinct vs. Reason—A Black Cat,” by Edgar Allan Poe
Excerpt from “Etiquette in Society, in Business, in Politics and at Home,” by Emily post
Excerpt from My Bondage and My Freedom, by Frederick Douglass
Excerpt from An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, by Adam Smith
Excerpt from Travels in West Africa, by Mary Kingsley
Excerpt from Dr. Montessori’s Own Handbook, Dr. Maria Montessori
Excerpt from a letter to the Reverend Joseph J. Twichell, by Mark Twain
Chapter 6
Excerpt from “Of Truth,” by Francis Bacon
Excerpt from “A Vindication on the Rights of Woman,” by Mary Wollestonecraft
Excerpt from “On Laughter: An Essay on the Meaning of the Comic,” by Henri Bergson
Excerpt from “What I Saw In California: Being the Journal of a Tour, by the Emigrant Route,”
by Edwin Bryant
Excerpt from an essay by Samuel Butler
Excerpt from an essay by Mary Church Terrell
Master the™ AP® English Language & Composition Exam