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The Official Website of the Executive Office of Public Safety and Security (EOPSS) Mass.Gov Public Safety Home > Public Safety Agencies > Massachusetts Department of Public Safety > NEWS & UPDATES 8th Edition MA Residential Code is Effective as of February 4, 2011 Building Related Fee Proposal 8th Edition MA Residential Code is effective as of February 4, 2011 The 8th edition residential code (for one and two family dwellings and townhouses three stories and less) became Vinyl Siding Advisory effective with the February 4, 2011 Massachusetts Register. The 7th edition residential code will remain in effect News Release - Flood Clean up concurrently with the new 8th edition until August 4, 2011. During the concurrency period a project can be designed using either edition. The deadline for filing a permit application for projects designed using the 7th edition is August OFFICIAL INTERPRETATION 3, 2011. 780 CMR 1-2010- -120.AA The 8th edition residential code is comprised of the International Residential Code 2009 (IRC) and a separate package FEMA Drying Out Your Home with Massachusetts amendments. The IRC is sold by the International Code Council www.iccsafe.org and the Massachusetts amendments package will be available at the State House Bookstore (617-727-2834). More... Subscribe | Learn more ONLINE SERVICES Watch DPS Video Apply for a job at DPS File a Complaint DPS License and Building Permit Applications Inspection Applications PUBLICATIONS & REPORTS PowerPoint Presentations Elevator Information Public Record Requests click here to download the Public Record Request Form 2011 DPS Calendar Report on Acushnet Modular Structure Fire 13 January 08 QUICK LINKS Executive Office of Public Safety MA Federation of Building Official Commonwealth of Massachusetts A MEMBER OFTHE INTERNATIONAL CODE FAMILY® INTERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL CODE® FOR ONE-AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS 2 o FREE Receive updates) excerptsofcode references) technical o articles) and morewhen you registeryourcode book. Goto www iccsafe org/CodesPlustoday! !3 2009 InternationalResidential Code for One- andTwo-familyDwellings ® FirstPrinting:March2009 ISBN: 978-1-58001-727-5 (soft-coveredition) ISBN: 978-1-58001-726-8 (Ioose-Ieafedition) COPYRIGHT©2009 by INTERNATIONALCODECOUNCIL,INC. ALLRIGHTSRESERVED.This2009InternationalResidentialCode®forOne-andTwo-familyDwellingsisacopyrightedwork ownedbytheInternationalCodeCouncil,Inc.Withoutadvancewrittenpermissionfromthecopyrightowner,nopartofthisbook maybereproduced, distributed, ortransmittedinanyform orbyanymeans, including, withoutlimitation, electronic, opticalor mechanicalmeans(bywayofexampleandnotlimitation,photocopying,orrecordingbyorinaninformationstorageretrievalsys tem).Forinformationonpermissiontocopymaterialexceedingfairuse,pleasecontact:Publications,4051WestFlossmoorRoad, CountryClubHills, IL 60478-5795. Phone 1-888-ICC-SAFE (422-7233). Trademarks: "International Code Council," the "International Code Council" logo and the "InternationalResidential Code" are trademarksoftheInternational Code Council, Inc. PRINTEDINTHEU.S.A. PREFACE Introduction Internationally,codeofficialsrecognizetheneedforamodern,up-to-dateresidentialcodeaddressingthedesignandconstruction ofone-andtwo-familydwellingsandtownhouses.TheInternationalResidentialCodtfEJ, inthis2009edition,isdesignedtomeet theseneedsthroughmodelcoderegulationsthatsafeguardthepublichealthandsafetyinallcommunities, largeandsmall. Thiscomprehensive,stand-aloneresidentialcodeestablishesminimumregulationsforone-andtwo-familydwellingsandtown housesusingprescriptiveprovisions.Itisfoundedonbroad-basedprinciplesthatmakepossibletheuseofnewmaterialsandnew buildingdesigns.This2009editionisfullycompatiblewithalltheInternationalCode~(I-Codes®)publishedbytheInternational Code Council® (ICC)®, including the International BUilding Cod~, International Energy Conservation Cod~, International EXistingBUildingCod~, InternationalFireCode®, InternationalFuelGasCod~, InternationalMechanicalCode®,ICCPerfor manceCode@,InternationalPlumbingCod~,InternationalPrivateSewageDisposalCod~,InternationalPropertyMaintenance Code®, International Wildland-UrbanInterfaceCode™and InternationalZoningCod~. TheInternationalResidentialCodeprovisionsprovidemanybenefits,amongwhichisthemodelcodedevelopmentprocessthat offersaninternationalforumforresidentialconstructionprofessionalstodiscussprescriptivecoderequirements.Thisforumpro videsanexcellentarenatodebateproposedrevisions.Thismodelcodealsoencouragesinternationalconsistencyintheapplication ofprovisions. Development ThefirsteditionoftheInternationalResidentialCode(2000)wastheculminationofaneffortinitiatedin1996byICCandconsist ingofrepresentativesfromthethreestatutorymembersoftheInternationalCodeCouncilatthetime,including:BuildingOfficials andCodeAdministratorsInternational,Inc. (BOCA),InternationalConferenceofBuildingOfficials(ICBO) andSouthernBuild ing Code Congress International (SBCCI), and representatives from the National Association ofHome Builders (NAHB). The intentwastodraftastand-aloneresidentialcodeconsistentwithandinclusiveofthescopeoftheexistingmodelcodes.Technical contentofthe1998InternationalOne- andTwo-FamilyDwellingCodeandthelatestmodelcodespromulgatedbyBOCA,ICBO, SBCCIandICC wasusedasthebasisfor thedevelopment, followed bypublichearings in 1998and 1999to considerproposed changes.This2009editionrepresentsthecodeasoriginallyissued,withchangesreflectedinthe2006edition,andfurtherchanges developed through the ICC Code Development Process through 2008. Residential electrical provisions are based on the 2008 NationalElectricalCod~ (NFPA70). Aneweditionsuchasthisispromulgatedeverythreeyears. FuelgasprovisionshavebeenincludedthroughanagreementwiththeAmericanGasAssociation(AGA).Electricalprovisions havebeenincludedthroughanagreementwiththeNationalFireProtectionAssociation (NFPA). Thiscodeisfoundedonprinciplesintendedtoestablishprovisionsconsistentwiththescopeofaresidentialcodethatadequately protectspublichealth,safetyandwelfare; provisionsthatdonotunnecessarilyincreaseconstructioncosts; provisionsthatdonot restricttheuseofnewmaterials,productsormethodsofconstruction;andprovisionsthatdonotgivepreferentialtreatmenttopar ticulartypesorclassesofmaterials,productsormethodsofconstruction. Adoption TheInternationalResidentialCodeisavailableforadoptionandusebyjurisdictionsinternationally.Itsusewithinagovernmental jurisdictionisintendedtobeaccomplishedthroughadoptionbyreferenceinaccordancewithproceedingsestablishingthejurisdic tion'slaws. Atthetimeofadoption,jurisdictionsshouldinserttheappropriateinformationinprovisionsrequiringspecificlocal information,suchasthenameoftheadoptingjurisdiction.Theselocationsareshowninbracketedwordsinsmallcapitallettersin thecodeandinthesampleordinance.Thesampleadoptionordinanceonpagexiiiaddressesseveralkeyelementsofacodeadoption ordinance, includingtheinformationrequiredforinsertionintothe codetext. Maintenance TheInternationalResidentialCodeiskeptup-to-datethroughthereviewofproposedchangessubmittedbycodeenforcingoffi cials,industryrepresentatives,designprofessionalsandotherinterestedparties.Proposedchangesarecarefullyconsideredthrough anopencodedevelopmentprocessinwhichallinterestedandaffectedpartiesmayparticipate. The contentsofthisworkaresubjectto change boththrough the Code DevelopmentCyclesand the governmental bodythat enactsthecodeintolaw. Formoreinformationregardingthecodedevelopmentprocess, contacttheCodeandStandardDevelop mentDepartmentoftheInternationalCodeCouncil. ThemaintenanceprocessforthefuelgasprovisionsisbasedupontheprocessusedtomaintaintheInternationalFuelGasCode, in conjunctionwith the American Gas Association. The maintenance process for the electrical provisions is undertaken by the NationalFireProtectionAssociation. 2009INTERNATIONALRESIDENTIALCODE® iii WhilethedevelopmentprocedureoftheInternationalResidentialCodeassuresthehighestdegreeofcare, ICC, thefounding membersofICC,itsmembersandthoseparticipatinginthedevelopmentofthiscodedonotacceptanyliabilityresultingfromcom plianceornoncompliancewiththeprovisionsbecauseICCanditsfoundingmembersdonothavethepowerorauthoritytopoliceor enforcecompliancewiththecontentsofthiscode. Onlythegovernmentalbodythatenactsthe codeintolawhassuchauthority. Marginal Markings Solidverticallinesinthemarginswithinthebodyofthecodeindicateatechnicalchangefromtherequirementsofthe2006edition. Deletionindicatorsintheformofanarrow(.)areprovidedinthemarginwhereanentiresection,paragraph,exceptionortablehas beendeletedoraniteminalistofitemsoratablehasbeendeleted. Italicized Terms SelectedtermssetforthinChapter2,Definitions,areitalicizedwheretheyappearincodetext.Suchtermsarenotitalicizedwhere thedefinitionsetforthinChapter2doesnotimparttheintendedmeaningintheuseoftheterm.Thetermsselectedhavedefinitions whichtheusershouldreadcarefullytofacilitate betterunderstandingofthecode. iv 2009INTERNATIONALRESIDENTIALCODE® Effective Use of the International Residential Code TheInternationalResidentialCode® (IRC®)wascreatedtoserveasacomplete,comprehensivecoderegulatingtheconstructionof single-familyhouses,two-familyhouses(duplexes)andbuildingsconsistingofthreeormoretownhouseunits.Allbuildingswithin thescopeoftheIRCarelimitedtothreestoriesabovegradeplane.Forexample,afour-storysingle-familyhousewouldfallwithin thescopeoftheInternationalBUildingCode® (IBC®),nottheIRC.Thebenefitsofdevotingaseparatecodetoresidentialconstruc tionincludethefactthattheuserneednotnavigatethroughamultitudeofcodeprovisionsthatdonotapplytoresidentialconstruc tioninordertolocatethatwhichisapplicable.Aseparatecodealsoallowsforresidentialandnonresidentialcodeprovisionstobe distinctandtailoredtothestructuresthatfallwithintheappropriatecode'sscopes. TheIRCcontainscoverageforallcomponentsofahouseortownhouse, includingstructuralcomponents,fireplacesandchim neys, thermalinsulation, mechanicalsystems, fuel gassystems, plumbingsystemsandelectricalsystems. TheIRCisaprescriptive-oriented(specification) codewithsomeexamplesofperformancecodelanguage.Ithasbeensaidthat theIRCisthecompletecookbookforresidentialconstruction.SectionR301.1,forexample,iswritteninperformancelanguage,but statesthattheprescriptiverequirementsofthecodewillachievesuchperformance. Itisimportanttounderstand thatthe IRC containscoverageforwhatisconventionaland commoninresidentialconstruction practice.WhiletheIRCwillprovidealloftheneededcoverageformostresidentialconstruction,itmightnotaddressconstruction practicesandsystemsthatareatypicalorrarelyencounteredintheindustry.SectionssuchasR301.1.3,R301.2.2, R320.1,R322.1, N1101.2,M1301.1,G2401.1,P2601.1andE3401.2refertoothercodeseitherasanalternativetotheprovisionsoftheIRCorwhere theIRClackscoverageforaparticulartypeofstructure,design,system,applianceormethodofconstruction. Inotherwords, the IRCismeanttobeallinclusivefortypicalresidentialconstructionanditreliesonothercodesonlywherealternativesaredesiredor where the code lacks coverage for the uncommon aspect ofresidential construction. Ofcourse, the IRC constantly evolves to addressnewtechnologiesandconstructionpracticesthatwereonceuncommon, butnowcommon. TheIRCisuniqueinthatmuchofit,includingChapters3through9andChapters34through43,ispresentedinanorderedfor matthatisconsistentwiththenormalprogressionofconstruction,startingwiththedesignphaseandcontinuingthroughthefinal trim-outphase.Thisisconsistentwiththe"cookbook" philosophyoftheIRC. TheIRCisdividedintoeightmainparts,specifically,PartI-Administration,PartII-Definitions,PartIII-BuildingPlanning and Construction, Part IV-Energy Conservation, Part V-Mechanical, Part VI-Fuel Gas, Part VII-Plumbing and Part VIII- Electrical. Thefollowing providesabriefdescriptionofthe contentofeachchapterandappendixoftheIRC: Chapter 1ScopeandAdministration.Thischaptercontainsprovisionsfor theapplication, enforcementandadministrationof subsequentrequirementsofthe code. Inadditionto establishingthescopeofthecode, Chapter 1identifieswhichbuildingsand structurescomeunderitspurview. Chapter1islargelyconcernedwithmaintaining"dueprocessoflaw"inenforcingthebuilding criteriacontainedinthebodyofthecode.Onlythroughcarefulobservationoftheadministrativeprovisionscanthebuildingofficial reasonablyexpecttodemonstratethat"equalprotectionunderthelaw" hasbeenprovided. Chapter2Definitions.TermsdefinedinthecodearelistedalphabeticallyinChapter2.Itisimportanttonotethattwochaptershave theirowndefinitionssections:Chapter24forthedefinedtermsthatareuniquetofuelgasandChapter35containingtermsthatare applicabletoelectricalChapters34through43.InthecasewhereChapter2andanotherchapterbothdefinethesametermdiffer ently,thedefinitionfoundinChapter24and/or35isintendedtoprevailwherethetermisusedinChapter24and/or35andthedefi nitioncontainedinChapter2isintendedtoprevailwherethetermisusedinallotherlocationsinthecode.ExceptwhereChapter24 or35 hasadefinitionthatwillprevailtherein, thedefinitionsinChapter2areapplicablethroughoutthecode. AdditionaldefinitionsregardingskylightsthatarenotlistedinChapter2arefound inSectionR308.6.1. Whereunderstandingaterm'sdefinitioniskeytoornecessaryforunderstandingaparticularcodeprovision,thetermisshownin italicswhereitappearsinthecode.Thisistrueonlyforthosetermsthathaveameaningthatisuniquetothecode.Inotherwords,the generallyunderstood meaningofatermorphrasemightnotbesufficientorconsistentwiththemeaningprescribedbythecode; therefore, itisessentialthatthecode-definedmeaningbeknown. Guidanceregardingnotonlytense, genderandpluralityofdefinedterms, butalsotermsnotdefinedinthiscode, isprovided. Chapter3BuildingPlanning.Chapter3providesguidelinesforaminimumlevelofstructuralintegrity,lifesafety,firesafetyand livabilityforinhabitantsofdwellingunitsregulatedbythiscode.Chapter3isacompilationofthecoderequirementsspecifictothe buildingplanningsectorofthedesignandconstructionprocess.Thischaptersetsforthcoderequirementsdealingwithlight,venti 1ation' sanitation, minimum room size, ceiling height and environmental comfort. Chapter 3 establishes life-safety provisions includinglimitationsonglazingusedinhazardousareas,specificationsonstairways,useofguardsatelevatedsurfacesandrulesfor meansofegress.Snow,windandseismicdesignandflood-resistantconstruction,aswellasliveanddeadloads,areaddressedinthis chapter. 2009INTERNATIONALRESIDENTIALCODE® v Chapter4Foundations.Chapter4providestherequirementsforthedesignandconstructionoffoundationsystemsforbuildings regulatedbythiscode.Provisionsforseismicload,floodloadandfrostprotectionarecontainedinthischapter.Afoundationsystem consistsoftwo interdependentcomponents: thefoundationstructureitselfandthesupportingsoil. Theprescriptiveprovisionsofthis chapterproviderequirementsfor constructingfootings andwallsforfoundations ofwood, masonry, concrete and precast concrete. In addition to a foundation's ability to support the required design loads, this chapter addresses several otherfactors that can affectfoundation performance. These include controllingsurfacewaterand subsurface drainage,requiringsoiltestswhereconditionswarrantandevaluatingproximitytoslopesandminimumdepthrequirements.The chapteralsoprovidesrequirementsto minimizeadverseeffectsofmoisture, decayandpestsinbasementsandcrawlspaces. Chapter5Floors.Chapter5providestherequirementsforthedesignandconstructionoffloorsystemsthatwillbecapableofsup portingminimumrequireddesignloads.Thischaptercoversfourdifferenttypes:woodfloorframing, woodfloorsontheground, cold-formedsteelfloorframingandconcreteslabsontheground.Allowablespantablesareprovidedthatgreatlysimplifythedeter minationofjoist,girderandsheathingsizesforraisedfloorsystemsofwoodframingandcold-formedsteelframing. Thischapter alsocontainsprescriptiverequirementsforattachingadecktothe mainbuilding. Chapter6WallConstruction.Chapter6containsprovisionsthatregulatethedesignandconstructionofwalls.Thewallconstruc tioncoveredinChapter6consistsoffivedifferenttypes:woodframed,cold-formedsteelframed,masonry,concreteandstructural insulatedpanel(SIP).Theprimaryconcernofthischapteristhestructuralintegrityofwallconstructionandtransferofallimposed loadstothesupportingstructure.Thischapterprovidestherequirementsforthedesignandconstructionofwallsystemsthatare capableofsupportingtheminimumdesignverticalloads(dead,liveandsnowloads)andlateralloads(windorseismicloads).This chaptercontainstheprescriptiverequirementsforwallbracingand/orshearwallstoresisttheimposedlateralloadsduetowindand seismic. Chapter6also containsrequirementsfortheuseofvaporretardersformoisturecontrolinwalls. Chapter6alsoregulatesexteriorwindowsanddoorsinstalledinwalls.Thechaptercontainscriteriafortheperformanceofexte riorwindowsanddoorsandincludesprovisionsforwindowsillheight, testingandlabeling,vehicularaccessdoors, wind-borne debrisprotectionandanchoragedetails. Chapter7WallCovering. Chapter7containsprovisionsforthedesignandconstructionofinteriorandexteriorwallcoverings. Thischapterestablishesthevarioustypesofmaterials,materialsstandardsandmethodsofapplicationpermittedforuseasinterior coverings, including interior plaster, gypsum board, ceramictile, wood veneer paneling, hardboard paneling, wood shakes and woodshingles. Exteriorwallcoveringsprovidetheweather-resistantexteriorenvelopethatprotectsthebuilding'sinteriorfrom theelements. Chapter7providestherequirementsforwindresistanceandwater-resistivebarrierforexteriorwallcoverings. Thischapterpre scribestheexteriorwallcoveringsaswellasthewater-resistivebarrierrequiredbeneaththeexteriormaterials.Exteriorwallcover ingsregulatedbythissectionincludealuminum,stoneandmasonryveneer,wood,hardboard,particleboard,woodstructuralpanel siding,woodshakesandshingles, exteriorplaster,steel,vinyl, fibercementandexteriorinsulationfinishsystems. Chapter8Roof-ceilingConstruction.Chapter8regulatesthedesignandconstructionofroof-ceilingsystems.Thischaptercon tainstworoof-ceilingframingsystems:woodframingandcold-formedsteelframing. Allowablespantablesareprovidedtosim plifytheselectionofrafterand ceilingjoistsizefor wood roofframing and cold-formedsteelframing. Chapter8also provides requirementsfortheapplicationofceilingfinishes,theproperventilationofconcealedspacesinroofs(e.g.,enclosedatticsandraf terspaces),unventedatticassemblies,atticaccessandtheproperclearanceofcombustibleinsulationfromheat-producingdevices. Chapter9RoofAssemblies.Chapter9regulatesthedesignandconstructionofroofassemblies.Aroofassemblyincludestheroof deck, vaporretarder,substrateorthermalbarrier, insulation,vaporretarderandroofcovering.Thischapterprovidestherequire mentforwindresistanceofroofcoverings. ThetypesofroofcoveringmaterialsandinstallationregulatedbyChapter9are: asphaltshingles, clayandconcretetile, metal roofshingles,mineral-surfacedrollroofing,slateandslate-typeshingles,woodshakesandshingles,built-uproofs,metalroofpan els, modified bitumen roofing, thermoset and thermoplastic single-ply roofing, sprayed polyurethane foam roofing and liquid appliedcoatings.Chapter9alsoprovidesrequirementsforroofdrainage,flashing,abovedeckthermalinsulationandrecoveringor replacinganexistingroofcovering. Chapter10ChimneysandFireplaces.Chapter10containsrequirementsforthesafeconstructionofmasonrychimneysandfire placesandestablishesthestandardsfortheuseandinstallationoffactory-builtchimneys, fireplacesandmasonryheaters. Chim neysandfireplacesconstructedofmasonryrelyonprescriptiverequirementsforthedetailsoftheirconstruction;thefactory-built typereliesonthelistingandlabelingmethodofapproval.Chapter10providestherequirementsforseismicreinforcingandanchor age ofmasonryfireplaces andchimneys. Chapter11EnergyEfficiency.Chapter11containstheenergy-efficiency-relatedrequirementsforthedesignandconstructionof buildingsregulatedunderthiscode.Theapplicableportionsofthebuildingmustcomplywiththeprovisionswithinthischapterfor energyefficiency.Thischapterdefinesrequirementsfortheportionsofthebuildingandbuildingsystemsthatimpactenergyusein newconstructionandpromotestheeffectiveuseofenergy.Theprovisionswithinthechapterpromoteenergyefficiencyinthebuild ingenvelope,theheatingandcoolingsystem,theservicewaterheatingsystemandthelightingsystemofthebuilding.Thischapter alsoprovidesenergyefficiencyrequirementsforsnowmeltsystemsandpoolheaters. vi 2009INTERNATIONALRESIDENTIALCODE® Chapter12MechanicalAdministration.Chapter12establishesthelimitsofapplicabilityofthecodeanddescribeshowthecode istobeappliedandenforced.Amechanicalcode,likeanyothercode,isintendedtobeadoptedasalegallyenforceabledocument anditcannotbeeffectivewithoutadequateprovisionsforitsadministrationandenforcement.TheprovisionsofChapter12estab lishtheauthorityanddutiesofthecodeofficialappointedbythejurisdictionhavingauthorityandalsoestablishtherightsandprivi leges ofthe design professional, contractor and property owner. It also relates this chapter to the administrative provisions in Chapter 1. Chapter13GeneralMechanicalSystemRequirements.Chapter13containsbroadlyapplicablerequirementsrelatedtoappli ancelistingandlabeling,appliancelocationandinstallation,applianceandsystemsaccess, protectionofstructuralelementsand clearancestocombustibles,amongothers. Chapter14HeatingandCoolingEquipment.Chapter14isacollectionofrequirementsforvariousheatingandcoolingappli ances, dedicatedtosingletopicsbysection.Thecommonthemeisthatallofthesetypesofappliancesuseenergyinoneformor another,andtheimproperinstallationofsuchapplianceswouldpresentahazardtotheoccupantsofthedwellings,duetoeitherthe potentialforfireortheaccidentalreleaseofrefrigerants.Bothsituationsareundesirableindwellingsthatarecoveredbythiscode. Chapter15ExhaustSystems.Chapter15isacompilationofcoderequirementsrelatedtoresidentialexhaustsystems,including kitchensandbathrooms,clothesdryersandrangehoods.Thecoderegulatesthematerialsusedforconstructingandinstallingsuch ductsystems.Airbroughtintothebuildingforventilation,combustionormakeuppurposesisprotectedfromcontaminationbythe provisionsfound inthischapter. Chapter16DuctSystems. Chapter 16providesrequirementsfortheinstallationofductsforsupply, returnandexhaustairsys tems.Thischaptercontainsnoinformationonthedesignofthesesystemsfrom thestandpointofairmovement,butisconcerned withthestructuralintegrityofthesystemsandtheoverallimpactofthesystemsonthefire-safetyperformanceofthebuilding.This chapterregulatesthematerialsandmethodsofconstructionwhichaffecttheperformanceoftheentireairdistributionsystem. Chapter17CombustionAir.Completecombustionofsolidandliquidfuelisessentialfortheproperoperationofappliances,con trolofharmfulemissionsandachievingmaximumfuelefficiency.Ifinsufficientquantitiesofoxygenaresupplied,thecombustion processwillbeincomplete,creatingdangerousbyproductsandwastingenergyintheformofunburnedfuel (hydrocarbons). The byproducts ofincomplete combustionare poisonous, corrosive and combustible, and cancauseserious applianceorequipment malfunctionsthatposefire orexplosionhazards. ThecombustionairprovisionsinthiscodefrompreviouseditionshavebeendeletedfromChapter17infavorofasinglesection thatdirectstheusertoNFPA31foroil-firedappliancecombustionairrequirementsandthemanufacturer'sinstallationinstructions forsolidfuel-burning appliances. Iffuel gasappliancesareused, theprovisionsofChapter24mustbefollowed. Chapter18ChimneysandVents.Chapter18regulatesthedesign,construction,installation,maintenance,repairandapprovalof chimneys,ventsandtheirconnectionstofuel-burningappliances.Aproperlydesignedchimneyorventsystemisneededtoconduct thefluegasesproducedbyafuel-burningappliancetotheoutdoors.Theprovisionsofthischapterareintendedtominimizethehaz ardsassociatedwithhightemperaturesandpotentiallytoxicandcorrosivecombustiongases.Thischapteraddressesfactory-built andmasonrychimneys,ventsandventingsystemsusedtoventoil-firedandsolidfuel-burningappliances. Chapter19SpecialFuel-burningEquipment.Chapter19regulatestheinstallationoffuel-burningappliancesthatarenotcov eredinotherchapters,suchasrangesandovens,saunaheaters,fuelcellpowerplantsandhydrogensystems.Becausethesubjectsin thischapterdonotcontainthevolumeoftextnecessarytowarrantindividualchapters,theyhavebeencombinedintoasinglechap ter.Theonlycommonalityisthatthesubjectsuseenergytoperformsometaskorfunction.Theintentistoprovideareasonablelevel ofprotectionfortheoccupantsofthe dwelling. Chapter20BoilersandWaterHeaters.Chapter20regulatestheinstallationofboilersandwaterheaters.Itspurposeistoprotect theoccupantsofthedwellingfromthepotentialhazardsassociatedwithsuchappliances.Awaterheaterisanyappliancethatheats potablewaterandsuppliesittotheplumbinghotwaterdistributionsystem.Aboilereitherheatswaterorgeneratessteamforspace heatingandisgenerallyaclosedsystem. Chapter21HydronicPiping.Hydronicpipingincludespiping,fittingsandvalvesusedinbuildingspaceconditioningsystems. Applicationsincludehotwater,chilledwater,steam,steamcondensate,brinesandwater/antifreezemixtures.Chapter21regulates installation,alterationandrepairofallhydronicpipingsystemstoinsurethereliability,serviceability,energyefficiencyandsafety ofsuchsystems. Chapter22SpecialPipingandStorageSystems.Chapter22regulatesthedesignandinstallationoffueloilstorageandpiping systems. The regulations include reference to constructionstandardsfor above-ground and underground storagetanks, material standardsforpipingsystems (bothabove-groundandunderground) andextensiverequirementsfortheproperassemblyofsystem pipingandcomponents.Thepurposeofthischapteristopreventfires,leaksandspillsinvolvingfueloilstorageandpipingsystems, whetherinsideoroutsidestructuresandaboveorunderground. Chapter23SolarSystems.Chapter23containsrequirementsfortheconstruction,alterationandrepairofallsystemsandcompo nentsofsolarenergysystemsusedforspaceheatingorcooling,anddomestichotwaterheatingorprocessing.Theprovisionsofthis chapterare limitedtothosenecessarytoachieveinstallationsthatarerelativelyhazardfree. 2009INTERNATIONALRESIDENTIALCODE® vii Asolarenergysystemcanbedesignedto handle 100percentofthe energyloadofabuilding, although this is rarelyaccom plished.Becausesolarenergyisalow-intensityenergysourceanddependentontheweather,itisusuallynecessarytosupplementa solarenergysystemwithtraditionalenergysources. Asourworldstrivestofindalternatemeansofproducingpowerforthefuture,therequirementsofthischapterwillbecomemore andmoreimportantovertime. Chapter 24 FuelGas. Chapter 24 regulatesthe design and installationoffuel gasdistributionpipingand systems, appliances, applianceventingsystemsandcombustionairprovisions. Thedefinitionof"Fuelgas" includesnatural, liquefiedpetroleumand manufacturedgasesandmixturesofthesegases. Thepurposeofthischapteristoestablishtheminimumacceptablelevelofsafetyandtoprotectlifeandpropertyfromthepoten tialdangersassociatedwiththestorage,distributionanduseoffuelgasesandthebyproductsofcombustionofsuchfuels.Thiscode alsoprotectsthepersonnelwhoinstall, maintain, serviceandreplacethesystemsandappliancesaddressedherein. Chapter24iscomposedentirelyoftextextractedfromtheIFGC;therefore,whetherusingtheIFGCortheIRC,thefuelgaspro visionswillbeidentical.Notethattoavoidthepotentialforconfusionandconflictingdefinitions,Chapter24hasitsowndefinition section. Chapter25PlumbingAdministration.TherequirementsofChapter25donotsupersedetheadministrativeprovisionsofChapter 1.Rather,theadministrativeguidelinesofChapter25pertaintoplumbinginstallationsthatarebestreferencedandlocatedwithin theplumbingchapters.Thischapteraddresseshowtoapplytheplumbingprovisionsofthiscodetospecifictypesorphasesofcon struction. This chapteralso outlinesthe responsibilities ofthe applicant, installerand inspectorwith regard to testingplumbing installations. Chapter26GeneralPlumbingRequirements.ThecontentofChapter26isoftenreferredtoas"miscellaneous,"ratherthangen eralplumbingrequirements.Thisistheonlychapteroftheplumbingchaptersofthecodewhoserequirementsdonotinterrelate.Ifa requirementcannotbelocatedinanotherplumbingchapter,itshouldbelocatedinthischapter.Chapter26containssafetyrequire mentsfortheinstallationofplumbingsystemsandincludesrequirementsfortheidentificationofpipe,pipefittings,traps,fixtures, materialsanddevicesusedinplumbingsystems.Ifspecificprovisionsdonotdemandthatarequirementbelocatedinanotherchap ter, therequirementislocatedinthischapter. Chapter 27 PlumbingFixtures. Chapter 27 requires fixtures to be ofthe proper type, approved for the purpose intended and installedproperlyto promoteusabilityandsafe,sanitaryconditions. Thischapterregulatesthequalityoffixtures andfaucets by requiringthoseitemstocomplywithnationallyrecognizedstandards.Becausefixturesmustbeproperlyinstalledsothattheyare usablebytheoccupantsofthebuilding, thischaptercontainstherequirementsfortheinstallationoffixtures. Chapter28WaterHeaters.Chapter28regulatesthedesign,approvalandinstallationofwaterheatersandrelatedsafetydevices. Theintentistominimizethehazardsassociatedwiththeinstallationandoperationofwaterheaters.Althoughthischapterdoesnot regulatethesizeofawaterheater,itdoesregulateallotheraspectsofthewaterheaterinstallationsuchastemperatureandpressure reliefvalves,safetydrippansandconnections.Whereawaterheateralsosupplieswaterforspaceheating,thischapterregulatesthe maximumwatertemperaturesuppliedtothewaterdistributionsystem. Chapter29WaterSupplyandDistribution.Thischapterregulatesthesupplyofpotablewaterfrombothpublicandindividual sourcestoeveryfixtureandoutletsothatitremainspotableanduncontaminatedbycrossconnections.Chapter29alsoregulatesthe designofthewaterdistributionsystem,whichwillallowfixturestofunctionproperly.Becauseitiscriticalthatthepotablewater supplysystemremainfreeofactualorpotentialsanitaryhazards,thischapterhastherequirementsforprovidingbackflowprotec tiondevices. Chapter30SanitaryDrainage.ThepurposeofChapter30istoregulatethematerials,designandinstallationofsanitarydrainage pipingsystemsaswellastheconnectionsmadetothesystem.Theintentistodesignandinstallsanitarydrainagesystemsthatwill functionreliably,areneitherundersizednoroversizedandareconstructedfrommaterials,fittingsandconnectionswhosequalityis regulatedbythissection.Thischapteraddressestheproperuseoffittingsfordirectingtheflowintoandwithinthesanitarydrain pipingsystem. Materialsandprovisionsnecessaryforservicingthedrainagesystemarealso includedinthischapter. Chapter31Vents.Ventingprotectsthetrapsealofeachtrap.Theventsaredesignedtolimitdifferentialpressuresateachtrapto1 inchofwatercolumn (249Pa).Becausewasteflowinthedrainagesystemcreatespressurefluctuationsthatcannegativelyaffect traps,thesanitarydrainagesystemmusthaveaproperlydesignedventingsystem.Chapter31coverstherequirementsforventsand venting.Alloftheprovisionssetforthinthischapterareintendedtolimitthepressuredifferentialsinthedrainagesystemtoamaxi mumof1inchofwatercolumn (249Pa) above orbelowatmosphericpressure (Le., positiveornegativepressures). Chapter32Traps.Trapspreventsewergasfromescapingfromthedrainagepipingintothebuilding.Watersealtrapsarethesim plestand mostreliable means ofpreventingsewergasfrom enteringthe interiorenvironment. This chapterlistsprohibitedtrap typesaswellasspecifiesthe minimumtrapsizeforeachtypeoffixture. Chapter33StormDrainage. Rainwaterinfiltrationinto theground adjacentto abuildingcancausethe interioroffoundation wallstobecomewet.Theinstallationofasubsoildrainagesystempreventsthebuild-upofrainwaterontheexteriorofthefounda- viii 2009INTERNATIONALRESIDENTIALCODE®

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