Mass Spectrometry in Anaesthesiology

172 Pages·1981·6.19 MB·English

by  P. Foëx

Mass Spectrometry
in Anaesthesiology
Edited by
M. D. Vickers and J. eml
With 69 Figures and 33 Tables
Springer-Verlag
Berlin Heidelberg New York 1981
European Academy of Anaesthesiology . Vol. 1
Professor M. D. Vickers
Department of Anaesthetics
Welsh National School of Medicine
Heath Park, Cardiff CF4 4XN, United Kingdom
Professor Dr. J. Crnl
Instituut voor Anaesthesiologie "Heyendael"
Katholieke Universiteit Nijmegen
Geert Grooteplein zuid 12
6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
ISBN-13: 978-3-540-11012-5 e-ISBN-13: 978-3-642-68240-7
DOl: 10.1007/978-3-642-68240-7
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Main entry under title: Mass spectrometry in anaesthesiology. (European Academy of
Anaesthesiology ; v. I) Proceedings of the 1st and 2nd meetings of the European
Academy of Anaesthesiology held in London, 1979. and Nijmegen, Holland in 1980.
Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1. Anesthesiology--Congresses. 2. Mass spectrometry-
Congresses.1. Vickers, M. D. (Michael Douglas), 1929-II. Crul, J. F. III. European
Academy of Anaesthesiology. IV. Series: European Academy of Anaesthesiology
(Series); v.l. [DNLM: 1. Anesthesiology--Congresses. 2. Spectrum analysis, Mass
Mass-Congresses. WI EU612 v.11 WO 200 M413 1979-80]
RD78.4.M37 617'.96 81-14472
ISBN 0-387-11012-7 (U.S.) AACR2
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Preface
The VIth World Congress of Anaesthesiology, held in Mexico City
in 1976, offered several European participants the opportunity of
discovering their community of views. The idea was then launched
of establishing a forum for regular exchanges among academic
anaesthetists from Europe. After many preliminary discussions,
some thirty delegates or observers from the Societies of Anaes
thesia of Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, German Federal Re
public, Greece, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom and Yugoslavia met in Paris on
12 March 1977. They agreed to found a European Academy of
Anaesthesiology. After a second meeting in Dublin, the Academy
was officially created by a general assembly in Paris on 5 Septem
ber 1978. Election of members took place for the first time on
that date. Since then, the Academy has been functioning regular
ly. Its membership presently stands at 180 from 26 European
countries. Associate members will be elected for the first time this
year. The total number of full members is limited by the statutes
to five hundred.
The Academy also has two other categories of members: hon
orary and patrons. Five honorary members have so far been elec
ted: Mrs. N. du Bouchet (France), Mr. H. Killian (German Federal
Republic), Sir Robert Macintosh, Prof. W.W. Mushin (United King
dom) and Dr. E.M. Papper (United States).
The Academy has held scientific meetings and seminars in
London (1979), Nijmegen (1980) and Vienna (1981) and is plan
ning to meet in Paris in 1982, in Stockholm in 1983, in Bologna
in 1984 and in Wtirzburg in 1985.
Summaries of the papers presented at the meetings have been
published by the British Journal of Anaesthesia. This first volume
of Proceedings contains a seminar on mass spectrometry organized
in Nijmegen and papers from the meetings in London and Nijme
gen.
The meetings have been facilitated by the fmancial assistance
from the Academy's patronsl . They also support the more ambi
tious aims of the Academy: to initiate joint anaesthesia research
in Europe, to organize an exchange of research fellows and to im-
VI Preface
prove standards by creating a European diploma of anaesthesiology.
Some of these projects are already underway or in the planning
stages.
It is thanks to the understanding and support of Springer
Verlag and its representative Dr. Wieczorek that this first volume
of proceedings has appeared.
The Academy is greatly indebted to Springer-Verlag and to
its patrons for their willingness in fostering the Academy's efforts
to establish independent European intellectual cooperation in the
field of anaesthesiology.
Prof. J. LASSNER
President, European Academy of
Anaesthesiology
Abbott Laboratories France, L'air Liquide, Lab. Roger Bellon, Lab.
Clin-Midy, Draegerwerk, Lab. Egic, Lab. Glaxo, Lab. L. Lafon, L.E.R.S.
Synthelabo, Lab. Made, Lab. Oberval, Lab. Pfizer France, Lab. Robert
et Carriere, Produits Roche, Lab. Recherches Servier, Lab. Specia
Opening Address
European Academy 02.10.1980
President, Officers, Senate and Members
of the European Academy of Anaesthesiology
It is a great honour and pleasure for me to welcome you to this
second scientific meeting of our Academy. In the two years of its
existence, our foster-child the Academy has outgrown its neonatal
period and has entered infancy (which according to the diction
ary may last until its 7th or 21st year).
It has stood on its own legs right from the beginning and did
not want any support from other international big brothers, like
world or regional congresses. This meant that sometimes it had to
compete for the attention of its members. Today you - by your
presence - demonstrate that such competition - heavy as it was -
can be taken on by our Academy. This means it already has a face
which draws not only attention, but maybe some affection.
Its membership has grown in quantity and quality and I am
particularly glad that the younger generation of scientific anaesthe
siologists is asked to, and does participate in our work.
The infant has also matured in such a.way that it has gotten
two new teeth; first, the section meetings and, second, the seminar
at the end.
We, as the local organizers, hope that its main objective: the
free exchange of ideas between the members will be fulfilled both
in and outside the lecture room.
J.F. CRUL
Table of Contents
Opening Address (J.F. Cruf) .................. " XII
Effects of Halothane and Enflurane on Myocardium
Supplied by a Narrowed Coronary Artery (P. Foex,
C.M. Francis, E.R. Cutfield, E. Lowenstein, W.A. Ryder
and W.L. Davies) . .. ; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Naloxone in the Treatment of Endotoxin Shock
(J.B. BrUckner, J. v. Faber du Faur and R. Danner) . . . . . 3
Effects of Various Anaesthetics on Haemodynamics and
Renal Blood Flow (D. Kettler and H.D. Schenk) . . . . . . . 4
Failure of Epidural Morphine to Provide Adequate Pain
Relief During Labour (G. Barrier, D. Durupty, J. Jasson
and J. Lassner) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Obstetric Analgesia with Fentanyl by Extradural Route
(M.A. Naida, F. Campo and 1. Burzaco). . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Research with High Magnetic Fields (H.N. de Lang and
P. Wyder). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 18
An Apparatus for the Artificial Expansion of the Lung
in the Severely Asphyxiated Neonate (M. Rosen,
R.S. Vaughan, W. W. MaplescJn, KM. Laurence and
M.D. Vickers). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 39
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation of Newborn Infants
(W. Dick, E. Traub, P. Lotz, K. Engels and K.H. Lindner) . 44
Effect of Dobutamine on Blood Flow Through
Collapsed Lung (M.K. Sykes, C. Orchard, M.K. Chakrabarti
and N. Leme) ............................. , 52
x
Table of Contents
Some Aspects of Mechanical Ventilation in Infants with
a New Concept of Weaning from the Ventilator
(z. Rondio) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 53
A New Anaesthetic Breathing System (H. Ruben) . . . . .. 56
Factors Affecting the Performance of Circle Systems
Used Without Carbon Dioxide Absorption (CM. Conway
and C Schoonbee). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 57
Pharmacokinetics of Continuous Infusions of Althesin,
Minaxolone and ICI 35868 to Supplement Nitrous Oxide
Anaesthesia in Man (C Prys-Roberts, J. W. Sear and
H.K. Adam) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 58
Effects of Premedication and Speed of Injection on
Induction of Anaesthesia with ICI 35,868 (G. Rolly,
L. Versichelen and N.A. Zubair) ................. 59
Effect of Hypo-or Hypercarbia on the Neostigmine
Antagonism ofPancuronium-Induced Neuromuscular
Blockade in Man (T. Tammisto, K. Wirtavuori and
M. Salmenpera). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 64
The Use of Di-Isopropyl Phenol (lCI 35868) as the Main
Anaesthetic Agent for Body Surface Operations
(R.S.J. Clarke, L.P. Briggs and J. W. Dundee) ......... 65
Evaluation of Recovery: The Concept of Symptomatic
Psychosis Adapted for Anaesthesiological Considerations
(K.H. Weis, M. Sold and S. Lehrl) ................ 66
EEG Parameters for Evaluation of Depth of Anaesthesia
(H. Stoeckel, H. Schwilden, P. Lauven and J. Schuttler) .. 73
Initial Experiences with Di-Isopropyl Phenol as an
Induction Agent (J. W. Dundee, R.S.J. Clarke, L.P. Briggs
and J. Moore). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 85
Diprivan: A New Intravenous Anaesthetic (B. Kay and
H. Adam). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 90
Blood Levels After Spinal and Epidural Administration
of Morphine (A. Driessen, B. Kossmann, W. Dick and
M.R. Moller). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 93
Table of Contents XI
Effects of Controlled Hypotension with Sodium
Nitroprusside and Halothane on the Renin-Angiotensin
Aldosterone System (J.L. Arroyo, R.P. Reiner,
F. Carrascosa, J.M. Bermudez de Castro and A. Berbiela), . 97
Experimental Unilateral Lung Flooding: A Morphological
and Ultrastructural Study (V. Chulia, A. Llombart-Bosch,
A. Peydr6, M. Lled6 and F.J. Beida) .............. 102
Mass Spectrometry in Blood-Gas Measurement In Vitro
(w. w. Mapleson). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 105
Principles of Mass Spectrometry (U. Smidt) . . . . . . . . .. 111
Development of a Sampling System for Multiple Users
of Mass Spectrometry in the Operating Theatre (1. Ponte,
J.G.CLerou and J. W. van der Vegt) ............. " 118
Mass Spectrometry in Monitoring Anaesthetic Gas
Mixtures Using Long Sampling Tubes: Band Broadening
in Capillary Tubes Caused by Flow and Diffusion
(CA. Cramers, P.A. Leclercq, J. G. Lerou and
H.H. Beneken Kolmer). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 120
Mass Spectrometry in Anaesthesia (A.A. Spence and
W.O.M. Davis) . ............................ , 131
Mass Spectrometry in the Intensive Care Unit
(M.A. Branthwaite) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 138
Continuous In Vivo Measurement of Gas Tension in
Blood and in Tissues (P. Foex) . ................ " 141
Pharmacokinetics of Pethidine in Women in Labour and
in the Newborn (G. Barrier, J. Lassner, P.L. Morselli,
V. Rovei, M. San Juan, C Sureau and M.L. Tala[re) .... 152
List of Senior Authors
Arroyo, J.L.
Department of Anaesthetics, Faculty of Medicine,
University of Navarro, Pamplona, Spain
Barrier, G.
Departement d'Anesthesie, Cochin Port-Royal,
123, Boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014 Paris, France
Branthwaite, M.A.
Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
BrUckner, J.B.
Institut flir Anaesthesiologie der Freien UniversiHit Berlin,
Klinikum Charlottenburg, Spandauer Damm 130,
1000 Berlin 19, FRG
Chuliti, V.
Hospital Clinico Universitario, Paseo Blasco Ibanez 17,
Valence 10, Spain
Clarke, R.S.J.
Department of Anaesthetics, The Queen's University of Belfast,
Whitlo Medical Building, 97 Lisbum Road, Belfast BT9 7BL,
United Kingdom
Conway, C.M.
Magill Department of Anaesthesiology, Westminster Hospital,
Page Street, London SW1P 2AP, United Kingdom
Cramers, C.A.
Laboratory of Instrumental Analysis, Eindhoven University of
Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Crul, J.F.
Instituut voor Anaesthesiologie, "Heyendael",
Katholieke Universiteit Nijmegen,
Geert Grooteplein zuid 10,6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands