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UNIVERSITY ^^ MARYLAND AT ^''^^ COLLEG: Digitized by the Internet Archive 2012 with funding from in LYRASIS IVIembers and Sloan Foundation http://archive.org/details/humaniti1991mary Maryfand Winter 1991 AS FE8 1 5 1991 MARYLAND HUMANITIES irylarid 3 1 5 1991 The huma—nities include but are not hmited to: histon,', philosophy, language bothmodernandclassical,literature,linguistics,archaeol- ogy,jurisprudence,ethics,comparativereligion;thehistory,criticism, andtheoryofthearts;andthoseaspectsofthesocialscienceswhich have humanistic content and employ historical or philosophical approaches.Thesedisciplineshelpustoknowourselvesandtoknow whatitistobehuman.Topublicprogramsintheseareaswepledge oursupport TheMarylandHumanitiesCouncil,anaffiliateof theNationalEndowmentfortheHumanities. Building Community byJohn W. Gardner Challenges and Choices for the 21st Century: Ethical Dilemmas, Informed Decisions Conference Registration MHC Elects New Officers — From the Chairperson ofthe MarylandHumanities Council . — continue although itwould be refreshing if Humanities Council, has argued that "Aswe the dialogue could avoid bitter invective.At thinkand talk about urgent national issues, thesame time,we needadefinition ofthe the humanities help us to separate mere humanitieswhich includes notonlyacademic opinion from discernment and judgment. . . definitions, but humanisticones, aswell. Theygive meaning toseeminglyuncon- In 1989, our Executive Director, Naomi nected facts." (TloeHumanitiesandtheArtofi Collins, conducted acomprehensivestudyof PublicDiscussion, 1989). thehistoryand implicationsofvariousdefini- Ultimately, perhaps, the most importantcon- tionsofthe humanities. Heressay, "Cultures tribution ofthe humanities inour lives is to NewFrontier: StakingaCommon Ground," remind us, in the faceofseeminglyover- will soonbe publishedjointlybytheAmeri- whelming problems, ofthe powerand can Council ofLearned Societies and the resilience ofthe humanspirit. I knowofno Federation ofStateHumanities Councils. The moreeloquent spokesperson for and model "newfrontier" ofwhich Naomiwrites is that ofthe humanities, thusdefined, than Dr of"meetingthe challengeofdiverse popula- Hiltgunt M. Zassenhaus, a highly respected tionsathome, newh'enfranchised citizenries physician and long-time memberofthe abroad, and interconnections among them all Maryland Humanities Council. Underthe in an interdependent and migratoryworld." veryeyes ofthe Gestapo, Dr Zassenhaus Thechallenge to the humanities in this "great risked her lifeagain and again to bringaid uncharted region," shenotes,willbe "tosee and medical supplies to hundreds of peopleas notonlythesubjects and objectsof Scandinavian prisoners inNaziWarcamps.At study," but as "owners andusers ofthe a recent public meetingsponsoredbythe j Dr.CatherineK Gira humaniti—es,partners in theenterpriseof MarylandHumanities Council, she inspired Chairpei'sonamiPresident inquiry humanities reconnected to human- and empowered us allwiththesewords: "our| MnrvlandHumanitiesCouncil ity." Edwin M. Yoder,Jr, in the November 24, hope must rest on thosemoments . . . when 1990 issueofthe WashingtonPost, put it this suddenlywegraspwhat is meansto be way: "Human beings demandthe imaginative human. Where governments fail to findan re-creation oflife for thesame reason that answer,we must lookfor itwithin ourselves. ourphysicalvanityand curiosiU'demand Wetendtobepreoccupiedwith the notion mirrors. Withoutthemwewould not know thatwe, as individuals, cannotdoan^ahing, Within the halls ofthe academy, the debate continues about the content and methodol- whether,or inwhatwayand degreewe are when infactthetruth is thathistoryiswrit- ogyofthe humanities. In literature, forexam- likeourfellowcreatures." In short, as Naomi ten byuseachsingleday." ptlhee,ordieecso—nstolrducatnidonniesmw—andaroe,thienrtcurrint,ical ausndtoMr".coYnondeecrt"obtsoeortvhee,rthheumhuamnanbietiingess,hpealspt Ttihornso,utghheiMtsarpuybllaincdpHruomgarnaimtsieasndCoiutsncpiulblsieceak- defended or attacked, often heatedlyand andpresent, aswe facethe challenges ofour to provide forthecitizensofMaryland own sometimesviciously. One recentcommenta- lives. opportunities to engage in livelyand tor characterized Marxist and deconstruction- Manyofthe most important issues confront- informed discourse about the roleofthe ist critics as "assassins"w—ho "regularly ingourcommunities andournation humanities in ourpersonal andpublic lives, torturebooks to death" as "academic nihil- protecting the environment, caring humanely "tograspwhat it meanstobe human," and to] ists outoftouchwith life." Feminist, Marxist, forthe elderlyand the ill, abolishing illit- acton thatknowledge in be—halfofthe com- and deconstructionist critics have leveled eracy, und—erstandingand respectingourdif- mon good.—These are lofty almost similar—charges against proponents offor- ferences require that humanities act in Olympian goals, but theyarethesinequa malism a literarytheorythat flowered for concertwith scientists, social scientists, and non ofan enlightened society. We hope that several decades inmid-rwentieth century. public policy makers.Jamil S. Zainaldin, our readers, as "owners" ofthe humanities, Historiansengage in heatedexchangeover Presidentofthe Federation ofState will find this issueoiMarylandHumanities traditional and revisionist content in the tobe a stimulating contributionto the canon. Dismayed overwhat he believes to be discourse. the lack in our timeof"real" literature,Alvin Kernan, a prominent literarycritic, has pro- claimed TheDeathofLiterature(the titleof his recent book). Amid this cacophonyof voices engaged inverbal assault and counter- assault,onewonderswho reallyshould t "own" anddefine the humanities. It is cer- Dr Catherine R. Gira tainlyappropriate thatthe scholarlydebate Chairperson and President Contents MHCElectsNewOfficers 2 SearchforNewMembers 3 BuildingCommunity JohnW.Gardner 4 Recently-fundedandContinuingPrograms 10 Contributors 14 ProposalApplicationDeadlines 15 Notices 16 fVlARYLAND HUMANITIES ® MarylandHumanitiesisapublicationoftheMaryland HumanitiesCouncil,anindependent,nonprofit,tax- eNcoaxpteiimeospn,atlworErigntaednoitzwhaemteiCononut,ncftiohrlet(MhsaeereyHlubmaaancndkitcafiofevislei.ratFfeoororfaetdxdhtrereass). tTh^iis--issue ofcM„.aryliajndtHiumanit.ie.s.ISpri.nted. on recycledpaper. ExecutiveEditor:Dr.NaomiF.Collins ManagingEditor:RebeccaL,Aaron ContributingEditors:JudyD.Dobbs,DonnaL.Byers Design/Production: FE.Worthington.Inc. ProgramsoftheMarylandHumanitiesCouncilaremade possiblethroughmajorsupportfromtheNational EndowmentfortheHumanities;withadditionalsupport fromtheMarvlandDepartmentofHousingandCommunit)- CoverPhoto:Familygr-oup,Newmarket Photo Development,DivisionofHistoricalandCultural courtesyoftheMarylandStateAixhives. Rohe>-tG. Programs;corporations,foundations,andindividuals. MerrickArchive,MdHRG1477-5838. Maryland Humanities Otherofficers chosen at the Council meeting Mrs.SandyP. Eisenberg were: Ms.Agnes M. Griffen, FirstVice (GubernatorialAppointee) Council Elects Chairperson, Director ofthe Department of CivicLeader New Officers PublicLibraries, MontgomeryCounty; Dr Baltimore,Maryland FreemanA. Hrabowski, III, SecondVice- Dr.PatriciaS.Florestano Chairperson, ExecutiveVice President and DirectorofGovernmentalRelations Vice Provost at the UniversityofMaryland, SystemAdministration Baltimore County, Catonsville; Ms. Bernice UniversityofMaryland Friedland, FiscalAgent, an active community Adelphi,Maryland I memberand businesswoman in Cumberland; Ms. BerniceA. Friedland andthe Honorable Gilbert Gude, Legislative CivicLeaderandBusinesswoman Liaison, Executive Director ofthe Potomac Cumberland,Maryland Aslateofnewofficerswas electedatthe Fall, River Basin Consortium and aformer mem- Ms. ElizabethGarraway 1990 meetingoftheMaryland Humanities berofthe U.S. House ofRepresentatives and PresJi.dent Council. Dr. Catherine R. Gira, a member of the Maryland State Senate and House of MarylandIndependentCollegeand theCouncil since 1985,was re-elected Delegates. UniversityAssociation Chairperson and President. A residentof Atthesame meetingthefollowing members Annapolis,Maryland Columbia, Maryland, Dr Gira is Provostand retired from theCouncil: Dr Carl Bode, a DrCatherineR.Gira BParlotfiemsosroer.ofShEengsleirsvheadtatsheAcUtniinvgerDseitaynooffthe gviucbee;rDnartoRrailaplhaEp.poEisnhteelem,anaf,tearft9erye6aryesaorsf;ser- (PCrhoavoisrtpersonandPresident) i gCthroealdlUuengaietveeorfpsrLioitbygerorafalmBaAirlnttsiPmuaobnrldei.cDaiDtrireoncGtiDorerasoiifsgtnphaaestt JAMelsfb.feeSrratsroRen.tChM.aiWlGel.esrtGwrIIoe,oeandfe,te,rafa3tfetyreera6r6sye;yaearasrn.sd;DMrrJ. JUBanacilkvteiLrm.soiBrn.e',GooMfhaBrnay,lltEasinqmd.ore President oftheAmericanAssociation of Partner UniversityAdministrators; she has served as a TheMarylandHumanities Council is an inde- Whiteford,TaylorandPreston member oftheAAUABoard since 1984. Dr pendent, non-profit, tax-exempt organization Baltimore,Maryland AGicraadeismitcheAfSftaaitresCRoeosroduirncaetoCrenftoerrt,hAemerican daenddicaaptpreedctioatpiroonmooftitnheghaunmaunnidteiresstainnding Dr. NancyS.Grasmick I SpecialSecretary Association ofState Colleges and Universities, Maryland. It achieves itsgoals, in part, by OfficeofChildren,YouthandFamilies a position she has held since 1984. She fundingpublic humanities programs, Baltimore,Maryland servedas the President ofthe Maryland examples ofwhich ma\'beseen in the Association for Higher Education during Continuingand Recenth-funded Programs Ms.AgnesM.Griffen 1987-88. Dr Gira has published numerous section in each issue ofMaryland (FirstViceChairperson) Director articles and delivered scholarlypresentations Humanities. The Council members and their DepartmentofPublicLibraries on Shakespeare, Renaissance literature and current affiliations are: MontgomeryCountyLibrary art,visual arts, highereducation leadership, Dr. ElizabethBaer Rockville,Maryland and liberal arts and the professions. At pres- ProvostandDeanoftheCollege TheHonorableGilbertGude ent, Dr Gira has abook in progress on WashingtonCollege (LegislativeLiaison) Shakespeare'sHenryN.She holds aB.S. from Chestertown,Maryland FormerMember California State College, an M.Ed, and M.L.A. Dr.GeorgeH. Callcott U.S. HouseofRepresentatives from TheJohns Hopkins University, and a DepartmentofHistory ExecutiveDirector Ph.D. from theAmerican University in UniversityofMaryland PotomacRiverBasinConsortium LiterarvStudies. CollegePark,Maryland Bethesda,Marvland Dr.CorneliusR Darcy (GubernatorialAppointee) Chairman DepartmentofHistory WesternMarylandCollege WestminsterMarv'iand Dr.Joseph Durham (GubernatorialAppointee) PresidentEmeritus Community-CollegeofBaltimore Baltimore,Maryland " Dr.JackHarris Dr. Catherine Gira Elected to Search for Ne'wMembers Jazel, Inc. Federation of State Humanities Rock\-ille,Marv'land TheMaryland Humanities Council seeks (EDrxS.eeccFuortneidveem\"a\inlcecAeC.hPHarrieasribpdoeewrnsstoknia),ndIIMIceProvost CDro.uCnacthielrsinBeoGiarra,dMoHfCDCihraeircpteorrsson and onNaontmiiitonsnaabtloiaEornnds.dooTrwhmeaepCpnoltuincfcaoitrli,otnhasenfHoaufrmfimalneiaimttbeieoerfss,thheip University"ofMarylandBaltimoreCount)' President,waselectedtotheBoard of annuallyawards approximately S400,000 for Catons\'ille,Maryland Directors ofthe Federation ofState publicprograms in various humanities disci- DPrr.ofJeoshsnorW. Huston HinugmahneiltdiiensOCcotuonbcielrsiantPtohretl1a9n9d0,aOnrneugaoln.meet- pplriongersaamnsdidnetvheelohpusmaannitdieism.plTehmeenCtousnscpielciiasl DepartmentofHistory The Federation ofState Humanities Councils comprised ofup to 26volunteer members, UnitedStatesNavalAcademy isamembership association servingthe state including up to fivegubernatorial appointees. Annapolis,Maryland councilsofthe National Endowmentforthe Drawn from academyand community', and Dr. RichardMacksey Humanities. The goal ofthe Federation since representingall regions ofthe state, Council ProfessorofComparativeLiterature itsorganization in 19'''' has been toassistthe members contribute hundreds ofuncompen- TheHumanitiesCenter councils in helping citizens understand and satedhours readingand reviewing applica- TheJohnsHopkinsUniversity- utilizethe humanities in theirpublic andpri- tions forfunding, attending Council meetings, Baltimore,Maryland vate lives. The Federation contributes to the participatingand assisting in Council Mr.EverettLeeMarshburn workofthe state councils through a program fundraisingefforts, meetingwithpotential ExecutiveProducer ofresearch, publications, information project directors, attending fundedprojects, NewsandPublicAffairsDepartment exchange, conferences, special projects, and representing the Council atregional and MarylandPublicTelevision advocac)'and legislative liaison. nationalscholarl}' conferences. OwingsMills,Maryland In summarizing Dr. Gira's qualifications for Applicationsare invitedfrom residents Dr.RutheTurnerSheffey membership on the Federation board, the throughout the state ofMarylandwho by rea- Professor nominatingcommittee described her as: son oftheirachievement, scholarship, and DepartmentofEnglish "bring[ing] tothe Federation's boardan creativit)' in the humanities, ortheirknowl- MorganStateUniversity- important combination oftalents andexperi- edgeofcommunin-andstate interests, are Baltimore,Maryland ence. She is astrong leaderand a delight to particularlyqualifiedtoserve. RobertLWeinberg,Esq. workwith. She has done strategic planning Particular needs are for members outside VBPiaalertitinnmeborerreg,&MaGrryeleannd acfunoldmgpgolooeadlxhsoerutgmtaoinnrig,z,aaitsniofdnasmh,ialspioaarsnsweaisbtsihedsilnaarggwaeopnapdnreedcri-a- BiinnasltttihiteumtocirooernpsC,oiratayntdeanicdnomtithmseusnpuiubtbulyri,bcsi,sneaccnutdlotruforIranlttehro-se H.MargrctZassenhaus,M.D. tion ofthevirtues ofcolleagueship and ested citizenswhowould liketobe consid- (GubernatorialAppointee) communit)' eredfor membership in acompetitive Baltimore,Maryland TheMHC council members andstaffexpress selection process against possible\acancies Mrs.MaryV.Zimmerman theirheartycongratulations to Dr. Girafor that mayoccurthisyear, should send their AssistantDirectorEmerita herappointment and lookforwardtoa resume,with a cover letter explaining their TheLibrary strengthened tie tothe Federation through reasons forwishing toserveon the Council, FrostburgStateCollege Frostburg,Maryland Dr. Gira's representation. to Dr. Catherine R. Gira, Chairperson and President, in care oftheMaryland TheCouncil staffis composedofDr. Naomi F. Humanities Council (address on backcover). Collins, Executive Director; RebeccaL.Aaron, Thedeadline fornominations orapplications Assistant Director forAdministration;JudyD. isMav1, 1991. Dobbs,Assistant Director for Programing; Margitta Gollada\-, Regrant Program and Financial Officer; DonnaL. Byers, Programmingand PublicAffairs Officer; ElizabethJ. Tuico,AdministrativeAide; Elinor C. Sklar, External Relations Consultant; and Edward Kappel,Accountant. The services of Coopers and Lybrand are retained for the Council'sannual independent audit. Community Building byJohnW. Gardner We know thatwhere communityexists it con- InWorldWar II studiesofsoldiers in combat, rebuildtheirshared culture, mustcon- fers upon its members identity, asense of themost common explanationgiven foracts sciouslyfosterthe norms andvalues thatwill belonging, and a measure ofsecurity. It is in ofextraordinarycouragewas "I didn'twant ensuretheircontinued integrity. communities that the attributes that distin- to let mybuddies down." Reflect on the num- In short, much aswecherishthe thoughtof giushiesdh.hCuommamnusniatsiseosciaarlectrheeatgurroeusnadr-elenvoeulr- sboecrieotfyiwndhiovihduaavlesnion tahlilsegtiraannscieentto,apnlyurgarliosutpi,c tbhueiltdraadnietwi,onasleeckoimnmguntoitrye,inwcaernsahtalelshoamvee toof generators and preservers ofvalues and ethi- the members ofwhichtheywould notwant thecherishedvalues oftheoldcommunities cal systems. The ideals ofjustice and compas- to letdown. in forms appropriate to contemporarysocial sion are nurtured in communities. The We knowagreatdeal about the circum- organization. ncaotmumruanlisteyt.tingfor religion is the religious ssteannsceesofofcocmonmtuenmiptoyraArnydlwifee tahraetbeergoidnenoiunrg McoosmtmuAnmiertiyctaondsawyhhoaveenidnormsiendthceoimdmeuanoifties Thebreakdown ofcommunities has had a to understandhowourpassionfor individu- thatstrivetoexemplifythebestofcontempo- soferiinoduisviddiusailnst.eWgreathiangveefaflelcotbosnertvheedbtehheavcioonr- atlhiesrme hleadsubseeanwavyerfyrolimttlceocmomnusniidteyr.edBuatdvsiocefar rthaartybvaalluaensc,ecionidnimvuindiuatliefsrteheadtoamreanindclgursoivuep, sequences inpersonal and social breakdown. to help us onthe roadbackto community. obligation, that foster the releaseofhuman Thecasualties stream through the juvenile Manyofus arepersuaded ofthe needto possibilities, that invite participation andthe caobuurstescalnindicpss.ycThhieatrreishtas'sobfefeicnesmauncdhdtraulkgof texriasvtesl;tbhuattrfoinaddinagndithwailvlerneoqudioruebtthatthawteitbe sharingofleadership tasks. thebreakup ofthe nuclearfamilyas a sup- clearas towhatwe'reseeking.Wecan never Aglance at the contemporaryscene reveals port structure forchildren. We must remind bringthetraditional communityback, and if diverse kinds ofcommunity. Most familiarto ourselves that in an earlier era support came wecould itwould prove tobe hopelessly us areterritoriallyboundedcommunities notonlyfrom the nuclearfamilybut from anachronistic. such as towns, suburbs, neighborhoods, and extended family and community. The child so on, butwe must look also at otherkinds moved in anenvironmen—t filledwith people The Characteristics ofCommunity ofcommunity. cceornnceedrniendafkorinhdilsyfsuptiurirte, buntoctoanlcwearynsedc.onA- Tnehoeust.raWdietiloinvaelwciotmhmhuentietroygewnaesithyomanodgem-ust gSeonmueinceoncgormemguantiitonisescrtehaotuegwhhathteiIrrmegeamrbdearss gmreenattsmwahneyrechviilrdtrueanlltyondoayolnievepianysenavtitreonnt-ion design communities to handle it. amraeya.bTehescwatotrekrpeldaocveermaaylacrognestmiettutreopaolciotma-n unless theybreakthe law. Thetraditional communityexperiencedrela- munityeven though itdraws its members We haveseen in recentyears a troubling tivelylittle change from one decade to the fromawidearea. Someofthe smallerprofes- eninnudgmiavbgieedruiaonlfsbveiehnrabyvuissouircnceteshsasstfaublnr,dohugigoghvhtelyrtnhrmeeemwnactrrdaeshd- esnnuecrxevt.iavWenedchrmaeunssegtnetdaeendsdit,ghwnehcleiotntmlmenutenhciaettssiitaerdsyi,tdhsaeetxepckearni- strieholoniuagglihoausnthdoeryadcemaradsyemabrieeccvfeoiermlymdsuwniaidntedileyssodmiesevpeenrsed ingdown. One explanation is that they change. geographically. Some publicschools arecom- betrayed theirvalues forsomegratification The traditional communitycommonly munities inthebestsenseofthewordwhile theycouldn't resist (e.g., money, power, sen- demanded a high degree ofconformity. others aresimplygeographical locations sual pleasure). Anotherpossibleexplanation Because ofthe natureoftheworldwe live in, whereyoungpeople spendacertain number is that theyhad novalues to betray, thatthey our communities must be pluralistic and ofallotted hours performing requiredactivi- were among the manycontemporary individ- adaptive, fostering individual freedom and ties. The same appears tobe true ofcon- ualswho had never had roots in aframework responsibilitywithin aframeworkofgroup gregations. Some areauthenticcommunities, ofvalues, orhad torn loose from their roots, obligation. otheraresimply locationswhere uncon- tarloilr,ennicsleaooitssofeceiefalrlotehmamtotthteihioerny.mhoIaonvrdeiinvtgirsdau.naslSgshraewsmhseoe,deaxftpeer- Tutohnewreetldrucadcoiemtiiiontsngacltoocmomstumrnmaiuncngaeirttsiyoawnnadwsiatlolhfttteohnoeready wsnoearcmktepeldcaopcneet.orapsltescmoamyebteogfeotuhnedrionnthSeunday. The somegroup standard ofproprietyor right external world. Hard realities requirethat conduct. But iftheyhave no sense ofmem- present-daycommunities be in continuous bership in anygroup, thebasis for feeling and effective touchwitli theoutsideworld, ashamed is undermined. And there is an andoursystemofvalues requires thatthey African proverb, "Where there is no shame, be inclusive. there is no honor" The traditional communitv'could boastgen- erations ofhistory and continuity. Onlyafew communities todaycanhopeto enjoyany such heritage. Theymustcontinuously