Marx on Religion PDF
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MARX ON RELIGION MARX ON RELIGION Edited by John Raines Temple University Press PHILADELPHIA Temple University Press, Philadelphia 19122 Copyright © 2002 by Temple University All rights reserved Published 2002 Printed in the United States of America The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Marx, Karl, 1818–1883. [Selections, English. 2002] Marx on religion / edited by John Raines. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 1-56639-939-4 (alk. paper) — ISBN 1-56639-940-8 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Marx, Karl, 1818–1883—Religion. 2. Religion—Controversial literature. I. Title: Marx on religion. II. Raines, John C. III. Title. B3305.M74 M35513 335.4'092—dc21 2001053179 CONTENTS Preface vii Introduction 1 PART I THE YOUNG MAN MARX 15 “Reflections of a Youth on Choosing an Occupation” (1835) 17 Letter to His Father: On a Turning-Point in Life (1837) 20 The Leading Article of No. 179 of Kölnische Zeitung (1842) 28 “On the Jewish Question” (1843) 44 PART II CONSCIOUSNESS AND THE MATERIAL WORLD 71 “Critique of Hegel’s Dialectic and General Philosophy” (1844) 75 “The German Ideology—Ideology in General” (1844–46) 93 “The Holy Family, or Critique of Critical Criticism” (1844) 101 Preface: “A Contribution to the Critique of Political 107 Economy” (1859) PART III BAD WORK/GOOD WORK 113 Preface, “Early Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts” 115 (1844) “Estranged Labor” (1844) 117 “Private Property and Communism” (1844) 128 “Money” (1844) 139 The Communist Manifesto(Chapter 1) (1848) 143 “Money and Alienated Man” (1844) 154 Capital,Book 1 (extract) (1867) 163 v vi Contents PART IV THE CRITICISM OF RELIGION 167 “Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right” (1844) 170 “Concerning Feuerbach” (1845) 182 “Social Principles of Christianity” (1847) 184 PART V OCCASIONAL WRITINGS 187 Marx “The Decay of Religious Authority” (from New York Tribune) 188 (1854) Excerpts from Grundrisse(1858) 193 Excerpts from Capital (1867) 195 Engels 203 The Peasant War in Germany(Chapter 2) (1850) 203 On the History of Early Christianity(1895) 217 Personal Letters 237 Letter from Jenny Marx to Johann Philipp Becker (1866) 237 Letter from Karl Marx to Friedrich Engels (1864) 238 Letter from Karl Marx to Ferdinand Domela 239 Nieuwenhuis (1881) Study Guide for Students 241 PREFACE Most of the writings of Karl Marx concerning religion are grouped closely in the years between 1844 and 1849. It makes little sense, therefore, to list them chronologically. I chose, instead, to group them accord- ing to various topics. In deciding which writings to include, I took those in which Marx directly addresses religion. In addition, I included writings where Marx was working out his philosophical position of dialectical materialism in opposition to Hegel (whom he called “a theologian”). Also, his major essays on the nature of human work are important because they display for Marx the pathway of what he considered to be our human self-evolution. Finally, I added some very early and other occasional writings that let the reader get a feel for Karl Marx as a person. The two essays by Engels, one on early Chris- tianity and the second on the Peasant War in Germany, add an important his- torical dimension. vii MARX ON RELIGION
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