Marx-Engels Collected Works,Volume 14 - Marx and Engels: 1855-1856

861 Pages·1980·17.815 MB·English

by  Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

•
KARL
M A RX
FREDERICK
ENGELS
Collected
Wbrks
\trfumel4
Marx and Engels
1855 -1856
V
Contents
Preface XIII
KARL MARX AND FREDERICK ENGELS
WORKS
February 1855-April 1856
1. F. Engels. The Struggle in the Crimea 3
2. K. Marx and F. Engels. Palmerston.—The Army 8
3. K. Marx. From Parliament.—Gladstone at the Dispatch-
Box 12
4. K. Marx. Lord Palmerston 14
5. K. Marx. Herbert's Re-election.—The First Measures of the
New Ministry.—News from India 21
6. K. Marx. Parliament 24
7. K. Marx. The Coalition between Tories and Radicals 29
8. F. Engels. The War That Looms on Europe 32
9. K. Marx and F. Engels. Parliamentary and Military Affairs 40
10. K. Marx. On the New Ministerial Crisis 43
11. K. Marx. Joseph Hume 47
12. K. Marx. Palmerston 49
13. K. Marx. The British Constitution 53
14. K. Marx. Layard 57
15. K. Marx. The Crisis in England 59
16. K. Marx. The Buying of Commissions.—News from Aus-
tralia 63
17. K. Marx. The English Press on the Late Tsar 67
VI Contents
18. K. Marx. On the History of the French Alliance 69
19. K. Marx. The Committee of Inquiry 73
20. K. Marx. The Brussels Memoire 76
21. K. Marx. Ireland's Revenge 78
22. F. Engels. The Results in the Crimea 81
23. F. Engels. Fate of the Great Adventurer 86
24. K. Marx and F. Engels. Criticism of the French Conduct of
the War 90
25. K. Marx. Agitation against Prussia.—A day of Fasting 94
26.. K. Marx. A Meeting 98
27. K. Marx. Reports from the English Press 102
28. K. Marx. From Parliament 104
29. F. Engels. Napoleon's Last Dodge 109
30. F. Engels. A Battle at Sevastopol 113
31. K. Marx. Some Observations on the History of the French
Alliance 118
32. K. Marx. Napoleon and Barbes.— The Newspaper Stamp 121
33. K. Marx. The Committee of Inquiry 124
34. K. Marx. The British Army 128
35. F. Engels. Progress of the War 132
36. F. Engels. The Situation in the Crimea 136
37. K. Marx. A Scandal in the French Legislature.—Drouyn de
Lhuys' Influence.—The State of the Militia 139
38. K. Marx. Prospect in France and England 141
39. F. Engels. Napoleon's Apology 146
40. F. Engels. The Siege of Sevastopol 151
41. F. Engels. Germany and Pan-Slavism 156
42. F. Engels. The European Struggle 163
43. K. Marx. On the History of Political Agitation 166
44. F. Engels. From Sevastopol 170
45. K. Marx. Pianori.— Dissatisfaction with Austria 177
46. F. Engels. The New Move in the Crimea.. 180
47. K. Marx. The Morning Post versus Prussia.—The Character
of the Whigs and Tories 186
48. K. Marx. A Sitting of the House of Lords 189
49. K. Marx. The Agitation Outside Parliament 194
50. K. Marx. Questions of Finance 198
51. F. Engels. The Crimean War 201
52. K. Marx. On the Reform Movement 208
Contents VII
53. K. Marx. A Critique of the Crimean Affair.—From Parlia-
ment 211
54. F. Engels. The New French Commander 215
55. K. Marx and F. Engels. Prologue at Lord Palmerston's.—
Course of the Latest Events in the Crimea 218
56. K. Marx. Parliamentary Reform.—The Break-off and Con-
tinuation of the Vienna Conference.—The So-Called War of
Annihilation 222
57. K. Marx. Disraeli's Motion 227
58. K. Marx. From Parliament 231
59. K. Marx. A Critique of Palmerston's Latest Speech 237
60. K. Marx.The Association for Administrative Reform.— People's
Charter 240
61. K. Marx. Parliamentary 245
62. F. Engels. From the Crimea 249
63. F. Engels. A Critique of the Events in the Crimea 253
64. K. Marx. The Great Parliamentary Debate 257
65. F. Engels. Sevastopol 260
66. F. Engels. Napoleon's War Plans 267
67. K. Marx. Napier's Letters.—Roebuck's Committee 273
68. K. Marx and F. Engels. The Debate on Layard's Motion.—
The War in the Crimea 277
69. K. Marx. Prince Albert's Toast.—The Stamp Duty on News-
papers 280
70. K. Marx. Eccentricities of Politics 283
71. K. Marx and F. Engels. The Local War.— Debate on Admi-
nistrative Reform.— Report of the Roebuck Committee,
etc 287
72. K. Marx. Announcement Concerning the Taking of Sevas-
topol.— From the Paris Bourse.—On the Massacre at Hangö
in the House of Lords 292
73. K. Marx. The Mishap of June 18.— Reinforcements 297
74. K. Marx. Anti-Church Movement.— Demonstration in Hyde
Park 302
75. K. Marx. Miscellaneous Reports 308
76. F. Engels. From Sevastopol 313
77. K. Marx. Miscellaneous Reports 320
78. K. Marx. Agitation over the Tightening-up of Sunday
Observance 323
79. F. Engels. The Late Repulse of the Allies 328
80. K. Marx and F. Engels. Clashes between the Police and the
People.—The Events in the Crimea 333
VIII Contents
81. K. Marx. From Parliament.—Roebuck's and Bulwer's Mo-
tions 337
82. K. Marx. From the Houses of Parliament.—Bulwer's Mo-
tion.—The Irish Question 340
83. F. Engels. The Great Crimean Blunder 344
84. K. Marx and F. Engels. Russell's Resignation.—The Events in
the Crimea 348
85. K. Marx. Russell's Dismissal 352
86. K. Marx. From Parliament 355
87. F. Engels. War Prospects 358
88. K. Marx and F. Engels. From Parliament.— From the Theatre
of War 363
89. K. Marx. Palmerston.—The Physiology of the Ruling Class
of Great Britain 367
90. K. Marx. Lord John Russell 371
91. K. Marx. The Late Birmingham Conference 394
92. F. Engels. The Armies of Europe 401
93. K. Marx. General Simpson's Resignation.— From Parlia-
ment 470
94. K. Marx. Commentary on the Parliamentary Proceedings 472
95. K. Marx. The Military Forces against Russia 476
96. K. Marx. The Poland Meeting 477
97. K. Marx. On the Critique of Austrian Policy in the Crimean
Campaign 481
98. K. Marx and F. Engels. The Anglo-French War against Rus-
sia 484
99. K. Marx. Events at the Theatres of War 490
100. K. Marx. Napier's Letter 493
101. K. Marx. Austria and the War 495
102. K. Marx and F. Engels. The Punishment of the Ranks 501
103. F. Engels. The Battle of the Chernaya 504
104. K. Marx. Another British Revelation 513
105. F. Engels. The Fall of Sevastopol 519
106. K. Marx. O'Connor's Funeral 524
107. F. Engels. Crimean Prospects , 525
108. K. Marx and F. Engels. Events in the Crimea 531
109. K. Marx. The Commercial and Financial Situation 534
110. F. Engels. The State of the War 537
111. K. Marx and F. Engels. The Reports of Generals Simpson,
Pélissier and Niel 542
112. F. Engels. The Great Event of the War 546
Contents IX
113. K. Marx. A Diplomatie Impropriety 553
114. K. Marx The Officiai Financial Report 554
115. K. Marx. The Bank of France.—Reinforcements to the
Crimea.—The New Field Marshals 557
116. K. Marx. The Committee at Newcastle-upon-Tyne 560
117. F. Engels. Progress of the War 563
118. F. Engels. Aspects of the War 569
119. F. Engels. The Russian Army 575
120. K. Marx. Big Meeting in Support of Political Refugees 581
121. K. Marx. Traditional English Policy 584
122. F. Engels. The War in Asia 588
123. F. Engels. The European War 595
124. K. Marx. The American Difficulty.—Affairs of France 599
125. K. Marx. The Fall of Kars 605
126. K. Marx. The France of Bonaparte the Little 615
127. K. Marx. The Fall of Kars 621
128. K. Marx. Speech at the Anniversary of The People's Paper.
Delivered in London, April 14, 1856 655
129. K. Marx. Prussia 657
130. K. Marx. The House of Lords and the Duke of York's
Monument 662
131. K. Marx. To the Editor of The Free Press 672
132. K. Marx. Kars Papers Curiosities 673
FROM TH E PREPARATORY MATERIALS
133. F. Engels. Crimean War 685
APPENDICES
134. Austria's Weakness 689
135. Progress of the War 694
NOTES AND INDEXES
Notes 705
Name Index 764
Index of Quoted and Mentioned Literature 795
Index of Periodicals 816
Subject Index 820
Glossary of Geographical Names 832
X Contents
ILLUSTRATIONS
Crimean War 1853-56. The Crimean Theatre 204-05
Crimean War 1853-56. The siege of Sevastopol 330-31
Chart of the Battle of the Chernaya (August 16, 1855) made by
Engels 505
Crimean War 1853-56. The general course of war 598-99
Fragment of the first page of Marx's notes for his articles on the
fall of Kars 607
Engels' summary "Crimean War" 683
TRANSLATORS:
SUSANNE FLATAUER: 17, 18, 19, 20, 24, 25
HUGH RODWELL: 89, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 102, 106, 108,
109, 111, 114, 115
PETER and BETTY ROSS: 4, 55, 82, 98, 133
BARBARA RUHEMANN: 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 26, 27,
28, 31, 32, 33
SALO RYAZANSKAYA: 21, 80, 84, 90 (I, II), 100, 113,
116, 120
BARRIE SELMAN: 37, 41, 43, 45, 47, 48, 49, 52, 53, 56,
57, 58, 59, 61, 63, 64, 67, 68, 69, 71, 90 (III, IV, V,
VI), 99
CHRISTOPHER UPWARD: 2, 3, 5, 6, 7
JOAN and TREVOR WALMSLEY: 36, 50, 72, 73, 75, 77,
78, 81, 85, 86, 88

XIII
Preface
Volume 14 of the Collected Works of Marx and Engels contains
articles and newspaper reports written between February 9, 1855
and April 25, 1856. Most of these items were published in the
American newspaper the New-York Daily Tribune (and often
reprinted in its special issues—the New-York Semi-Weekly Tribune
and the New-York Weekly Tribune), and also in the German
democratic newspaper, the Neue Oder-Zeitung. As in previous years
some items were published in the Chartist weekly The People's
Paper. In the spring of 1856 Marx began to write occasionally for
periodicals published by David Urquhart and his supporters— The
Free Press (London) and The Sheffield Free Press.
Writing for the comparatively progressive bourgeois press was
the only effective means available to Marx and Engels at that time
to communicate with a mass readership, and to influence public
opinion in favour of proletarian communist ideas. Since a properly
working-class and revolutionary democratic press was still so weak,
they attached great importance to this channel of communication.
The possibility of addressing the German reader through the Neue
Oder-Zeitung, the most radical of all the newspapers that remained
in Germany in the mid-1850s, was particularly important. Marx
wrote for the Neue Oder-Zeitung from December 1854 (the relevant
section of his articles for this newspaper is published in Volume 13
of the present edition) until November 1855, when due to serious
financial difficulties and pressure from the censorship the editorial
board was compelled to reduce the number of foreign correspon-
dents and later to cease publication of the newspaper entirely. He
also sent to the Neue Oder-Zeitung military reviews written at his
request by Engels for the New-York Daily Tribune, translating them