Marwaris: From Traders to Industrialists PDF
Preview Marwaris: From Traders to Industrialists
THE MARWAR/S Google Original frcm oig1t1ze-0 by UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN .. • •gle v 1 trom Go<. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 01g1112ee1 bi THE MAR WA RIS From Traders to Industrialists THOMAS A. TIMBERG ~ iii! VIK.AS PUBLISHING HOUSE PVT LTD K01t'"' ~ NW1 DIPti Som~ Btz111oln1 ~110 Google Original from 0191tiz by UNIVERSITY Of MICHIGAN -"~'\ ..·...". 1. .., ..,., ..., "') ~ ' . .. . . I . ' . f I ' VIKAS PUBLISHING HOUSE PVT L'TD 5 Ansari Road, NtflJ D1llti 110002 Savoy ChawiHrs, S Wallau Srrm, Bombay 100001 10 First Main Road, Gllltdlii Nagar, B411galort 560009 8/1-B cn,,,,m"IM• Lam, Calcu::a 700016 80 Canitint/ Raad, Kanpur 208004 CoPYIUGHT@ TuOMAS A. TIMBBRG, 1978 ISBN 0 7069 OS28 8 IV02Tll01 Printed al Delhi Preas, Jhandewalan, New Delhi Google Original frcm 01gitized by UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN • Preface The present volume is the result of work spread over five years, and ' already covered in part in several other publications cited in the biblio- graphy. My first. work on the subject was done with funds from the Development Advisory Service at Harvard University, in the summer of 1967, and published by them as a memorandum in June 1969. I con tinued my work on Marwaris during 1968 and 1969. A later recension is available in a ·paper delivered to the Bengal Studies C.Onference in May 1969, and published with the other proceedings of that c.onference by Michigan State University, Asian Studies Center in the Fall of 1971. I received a Foreign Area Fellowship for work in India in 1969 and returned to the United States in September 1971 to work on the final draft of my Ph.D. thesis on which this work is based. . I would like to thank Ors Gustav and Hanna Papanck for their initial encouragement in this study and continuing support; my thesis advisor, Prof. Henry RosovskyJ for the time he devoted to going over various versions of the thesis manuscript; my two formal host institutions in India-the Birla Institute of Technology in Pilani, Rajasthan and the Indian Institute of Management in Calcutta-cspx:ially Ors Dool Singh, B. R. Aggarwal, and S. K . Porwal at the former and Borun De and Kaumini Adhikari at the latter; as well as two informal institutional hosts-the Delhi School of F.c:onomics and the University of Rajasthan at Jaipur-especially Ors Tapan Raichauduri, Dharma Kumar, Krishnamurty, and Radhakrishan at the former and Dr Dilbagh Singh at the latter. I would like also to thank the numerous students of the history of Bengal and Rajasthan who have assisted me and given generously of their time and wisdom to me in this endeavor-especially Dn Blair Kling, Subyasachi Bhattacharya, Pradip Sinha-those who have specia .. lized in the study of Indian business-especially Ors Wayne Broch!, Stanley Kochanek, and C.A. Bayly; the historians of the Marwari com munity itself, Rishi Jaimini Kaushik "Barua" and prc-~tly Vishambharlal Sharma; and the numerous Marwari families who told me of their family history and made private records available to me. Most of Chapter V is based on such records now in the possession of Mr Janki Prasad Poddar of Calcutta and Sir Bhagchand Soni Chitrko~, Google Original frcm oig1t1ze-0 by UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN • The Marwaris ofA jmer, and Mr Srinivas Dalmia of Calcutta. A special note of thanks is due to Mr R. K. Dalmia and his son, Mr GrUn Nidhi Dalmia, for a chance to read his unpublished memoirs and to Mr L. N. Birla and Santosh Mukherjee of the Birla Organization who assisted me in study ing the history of that family. Finally, I want to extend a general note of thanks to the many Indians of all communities who assisted and be friended me during my 19-month stay in that country. It goes without saying that those who assisted me arc in no way res ponsible for my analysis or conclusions. THOMAS A. TIMBl!RG Google rron1 Origi~al oig1tlze1lby UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Tables C.Ommunity of Leading Industrialists l IO C.Otton Textile Imports to India 2 49 so 3 Exports from India 4 Calcutta Mercantile Population in 1921 57 s Shipments of C.Otton to Japan 6 Marwari and European C.Ontrol of the Economy 79 6-A Number of Marwari Migrants 88 7 Major Oty Marwari Population 8 Population of Banias in Rajasthan IO] 9 Shdthavati Migrants in I9lI 110 IO Bikaner Emigrants in I90I II2 ' The Migration Sample by Region of Origin I I II4 Old Firms in Sample 12 IIS 13 Industrial Holdings 119 Google Original frcm oig1t1ze-0 by UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN •' GOl)gle Or1g1nal from Diq1t1zeaby UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN I • " .... • •· ' ·~ Maps I Map of Indian Empire, 1908-09 4 (showing major commercial centres) 2 Map of Marwari Migration 86 Map of Sbekbavati Region 3 94 4 Map of Rajasthan 104 s Map of Eastern India 116 6 Map of AMam 118 7 Map of Southern and Western India 122 Onglnal from UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN .. O ral fT m Google ....... . . .. . UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 0191tiz by ' f • • ...• •
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