MMaarrss From Myth and Mystery to Recent Discoveries Markus Hotakainen MMaarrss FROM MYTH AND MYSTERY TO RECENT DISCOVERIES 1 3 Markus Hotakainen Espoo, Finland [email protected] ISBN: 978-0-387-76507-5 e-ISBN: 978-0-387-76508-2 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-76508-2 Library of Congress Control Number: 2008933673 @2008 Springer Science(cid:2)Business Media, LLC All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science(cid:2)Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper springer.com CCoonntteennttss Preface ix Foreword xi 01 Fourth Rock from the Sun 1 02 God of War, Heavenly Body 11 03 Martian Canal Engineers 27 04 Planetary Ups and Downs 43 05 Unidentical Twins 65 06 The New Mars 79 07 Museum of Water 101 08 Dead or Alive? 125 09 Gallery Mars 137 10 Fear and Panic 157 11 One Really Giant Leap 173 12 Green Thumbs of the Red Planet 193 13 Little Green Persons 201 14 Mars Rocks! 217 Author’s Final Note and Acknowledgements 232 Selected References and Further Reading 236 Appendix A: Finnish Mars Research 240 Appendix B: Mars Probes 244 Index 248