Marine Conservation Paleobiology PDF
Preview Marine Conservation Paleobiology
Topics in Geobiology 47 Carrie L. Tyler Chris L. Schneider Editors Marine Conservation Paleobiology Topics in Geobiology Volume 47 SeriesEditors NeilH.Landman AmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory,NewYork,NY,USA PeterJ.Harries NorthCarolinaStateUniversity,Raleigh,NC,USA The Topics in Geobiology series covers the broad discipline of geobiology that is devoted to documenting life history of the Earth. A critical theme inherent in addressingthisissueandonethatisattheheartoftheseriesistheinterplaybetween thehistoryoflifeandthechanging environment. Theseriesaimsforhighquality, scholarlyvolumesoforiginalresearchaswellasbroadreviews. Geobiologyremainsavibrantaswellasarapidlyadvancinganddynamicfield. Given this field’s multidiscipline nature, it treats a broad spectrum of geologic, biologic, and geochemical themes all focused on documenting and understanding thefossilrecordandwhatitrevealsabouttheevolutionaryhistoryoflife.TheTopics in Geobiology series was initiated to delve into how these numerous facets have influencedandcontrolledlifeonEarth. Recentvolumeshaveshowcasedspecifictaxonomicgroups,majorthemesinthe discipline, as well as approaches to improving our understanding of how life has evolved. Taxonomicvolumesfocusonthebiologyandpaleobiologyoforganisms–their ecologyandmodeoflife–and,inaddition,thefossilrecord–theirphylogenyand evolutionarypatterns–aswellastheirdistributionintimeandspace. Theme-based volumes, such as predator-prey relationships, biomineralization, paleobiogeography, and approaches to high-resolution stratigraphy, cover specific topicsandhowimportantelementsaremanifestedinawiderangeoforganismsand howthosedynamicshavechangedthroughtheevolutionaryhistoryoflife. Commentsorsuggestionsforfuturevolumesarewelcomed. Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttp://www.springer.com/series/6623 Carrie L. Tyler • Chris L. Schneider Editors Marine Conservation Paleobiology 123 Editors CarrieL.Tyler ChrisL.Schneider DepartmentofGeologyandEnvironmental DepartmentofEarth EarthScience andAtmosphericSciences MiamiUniversity UniversityofAlberta,Edmonton Oxford,OH,USA Alberta,Canada ISSN0275-0120 TopicsinGeobiology ISBN978-3-319-73793-5 ISBN978-3-319-73795-9 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73795-9 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2018935181 ©SpringerInternationalPublishingAG,partofSpringerNature2018 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartof thematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation, broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformation storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology nowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthisbook arebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorsor theeditorsgiveawarranty,expressorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinorforany errorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregardtojurisdictional claimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations. Printedonacid-freepaper ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerInternationalPublishingAGpart ofSpringerNature. Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Preface We believe that a book of this nature is timely and important in highlighting the contributionsofconservationpaleobiologyinsolvingmodernecologicalcrises.The consequences of millennia of human impacts on ecosystems including extinction, biodiversity loss, and changes in community structure and species composition remain largely unknown. These trends may yet be reversible, but developing effectivestrategiesforconservation,remediation,restoration,andpolicycallsfora thoroughunderstandingoflong-termecologicalprocessesandtheabilitytoexamine ecosystems before, during, and after perturbation. There is thus an urgent need for a cross-disciplinary synthesis of modern and historical perspectives. Although paleontological and modern data have traditionally been viewed as disparate data types, fossils can yield high resolution data suitable for community analysis, comparabletomodernassemblagedata. We are pleased to present research from some of the foremost and upcoming conservation paleobiologists. Contributions range from case studies with direct application to reviews and meta-analyses, providing broader implications to con- servationefforts,andtotrainingoffuturegenerations.Inthisvolume,weaimto: 1. Define the goals of conservation paleobiology and our role in conservation science. 2. Highlighthowconservationpaleoecologycanbeusedtoidentifyandunderstand ecosystemcrises. 3. Providecasestudiesdemonstratingapplicationstomoderncommunities. 4. Stimulatenovelapplicationsofpaleontologicalapproachtoneontologicaldata. 5. Encourage cross-disciplinary dialogue and application of research to manage- mentandconservation. 6. Explorethefutureofconservationpaleoecology. We have the capability, technology, and innovation to enact positive change in the biosphere. There are a multitude of efforts undertaken by societies and governmentstomitigatetheeffectsofglobalclimatechange.Marineprotectedareas and reserves, for example, provide safe havens for biodiversity and contribute to v vi Preface sustainable populations for harvested resources. However, conservation biology is a crisis-driven discipline, with little time and often insufficient financial resources torespond.Furthermore,conservationsciencestudiessystemsalreadyundergoing change. In almost all cases, the baseline condition of the ideal ecosystem is gone, and in many of those cases, given the trajectory of climate change and relatedoceandeterioration,thebaselinemaynolongerbeachievable.Conservation paleobiologycanprovidetimelyandcriticalinsightstoconservation,management, and restoration efforts, providing data on timescales otherwise unavailable and of truepre-impactconditions. Wemustcollaborateifwearegoingtomaintainaproductivemarinebiosphere for future humanity, and we challenge conservation paleobiology as a field to truly be interdisciplinary not just on paper, but in action. We continue to work towards a better future, to which conservation paleobiology can make significant contributions. Oxford,OH,USA CarrieL.Tyler Edmonton,AB,Canada ChrisL.Schneider Acknowledgements We are deeply grateful to all of the reviewers who devoted their time, expertise, andexperiencetoimprovingeachchapter,despitetheirbusyschedules.Wewishto thank a few of the advocates of thisnew frontier of research, particularly Gregory Dietl,KarlFlessa,JeremyJackson,PatriciaKelley,andSueKidwell.Toallofthe authors,thankyouforyourcontributions;wearethrilledtosharesuchhigh-quality work with the scientific community. We are particularly grateful to Greg Dietl for thoughtful discussions, which influenced the shaping and content of this volume. WealsothankLindseyLeightonforhisadviceoneditingaspecialvolumesuchas thisone.ThankyoualsototheeditorialstaffatSpringer,withoutwhomthisvolume couldnothavebeenpublished. vii Contents AnOverviewofConservationPaleobiology................................... 1 CarrieL.TylerandChrisL.Schneider ShouldConservationPaleobiologistsSavetheWorldonTheirOwn Time?.............................................................................. 11 GregoryP.DietlandKarlW.Flessa Conceptions of Long-Term Data Among Marine Conservation BiologistsandWhatConservationPaleobiologistsNeedtoKnow.......... 23 JansenA.Smith,StephenR.Durham,andGregoryP.Dietl Effectively Connecting Conservation Paleobiological Research to Environmental Management: Examples from Greater Everglades’RestorationofSouthwestFlorida................................ 55 MichaelSavarese Using the Fossil Record to Establish a Baseline andRecommendationsforOysterMitigationintheMid-AtlanticU.S..... 75 KristopherM.Kusnerik,RowanLockwood,andAmandaN.Grant CoralReefsinCrisis:TheReliabilityofDeep-TimeFood Web ReconstructionsasAnalogsforthePresent................................... 105 PeterD.RoopnarineandAshleyA.Dineen ExploringtheSpecies–AreaRelationshipWithinaPaleontological Context,andtheImplicationsforModernConservationBiology.......... 143 MatthewJ.PrudenandLindseyR.Leighton MarineRefugiaPast,Present,andFuture:LessonsfromAncient GeologicCrisesforModernMarineEcosystemConservation.............. 163 ChrisL.Schneider ix x Contents TrainingTomorrow’sConservationPaleobiologists ......................... 209 PatriciaH.Kelley,GregoryP.Dietl,andChristyC.Visaggi AConceptualMapofConservationPaleobiology:Visualizing aDiscipline........................................................................ 227 CarrieL.Tyler Index............................................................................... 255
The list of books you might like
