Mapping the Sociology of Health and Medicine: America, Britain and Australia Compared PDF
Preview Mapping the Sociology of Health and Medicine: America, Britain and Australia Compared
Mapping the Sociology of Health and Medicine AlsobyFranCollyer SOWEWRITESTARAUTHORS:AnthologyoftheSocietyofWomenWriters SouthAustralia2006(editor) PUBLICENTERPRISEDIVESTMENT:AustralianCaseStudies(withJ.McMaster andR.W.Wettenhall) Mapping the Sociology of Health and Medicine America, Britain and Australia Compared Fran Collyer UniversityofSydney,Australia ©FranCollyer2012 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2012 978-0-230-32044-4 Allrightsreserved.Noreproduction,copyortransmissionofthis publicationmaybemadewithoutwrittenpermission. Noportionofthispublicationmaybereproduced,copiedortransmitted savewithwrittenpermissionorinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthe Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,orunderthetermsofanylicence permittinglimitedcopyingissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgency, SaffronHouse,6–10KirbyStreet,LondonEC1N8TS. Anypersonwhodoesanyunauthorizedactinrelationtothispublication maybeliabletocriminalprosecutionandcivilclaimsfordamages. Theauthorhasassertedherrighttobeidentifiedastheauthorofthiswork inaccordancewiththeCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Firstpublished2012by PALGRAVEMACMILLAN PalgraveMacmillanintheUKisanimprintofMacmillanPublishersLimited, registeredinEngland,companynumber785998,ofHoundmills,Basingstoke, HampshireRG216XS. PalgraveMacmillanintheUSisadivisionofStMartin’sPressLLC, 175FifthAvenue,NewYork,NY10010. PalgraveMacmillanistheglobalacademicimprintoftheabovecompanies andhascompaniesandrepresentativesthroughouttheworld. Palgrave®andMacmillan®areregisteredtrademarksintheUnitedStates, theUnitedKingdom,Europeandothercountries. ISBN 978-1-349-34021-7 ISBN 978-1-137-00931-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9781137009319 Thisbookisprintedonpapersuitableforrecyclingandmadefromfully managedandsustainedforestsources.Logging,pulpingandmanufacturing processesareexpectedtoconformtotheenvironmentalregulationsofthe countryoforigin. AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. AcatalogrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 This book is dedicated to Claire Williams, who taught me to be rigorous with methodology but passionate about facts; Bryan S. Turner, who provided my first opportunity to explore medicine and health and showed me the enduring value of a good yarn; Evan Willis, who has stood by as a constant mentor, colleague and friend; Anna Yeatman, who showed me how to get on with my work while keeping my head below the trench wall; my mate Kevin White, who always says we should never let facts get in the way of a good story, but agonises over every word and date nevertheless; Stephanie Short, who has always believed in me; Raewyn Connell, whose fearlessness continues to inspire; and of course, Peter, without whom... This page intentionally left blank Contents ListofTables viii Introduction 1 1 TheoreticalFrameworksandBeginnings 19 2 PastandPresent:ThreeNationalSociologiesofHealthand Medicine 76 3 Disciplines,ProfessionsandSpecialities 139 4 TheStudyandItsMethods 167 5 NationalTrendsintheSociologyofHealthandMedicine since1990 204 6 OldRoadsandNewPathways:Reflections,Conclusions andaWayForward 255 Notes 277 References 279 Index 315 vii Tables 4.1 Thejournals,1990–2010 177 4.2 Thetheoreticalframeworks 188 4.3 Healthormedicaltopics 194 4.4 Thedisciplinarydescriptors 201 5.1 Departmentsandschools 206 5.2 Departmentsandschools–Aggregated 209 5.3 Discipline/fieldidentities 211 5.4 Discipline/fieldidentities–Indetail 212 5.5 Common,dualdiscipline/fielddescriptors 214 5.6 Disciplineidentitiesandthesociologydepartments 217 5.7 Sociologicalidentitiesandmethod 220 5.8 Sociologicalidentitiesandtheuseoftheory 221 5.9 Divergentsociologies:Methodandtheory 225 5.10 Authorshipteams 227 5.11 Authorshipteamsovertime 229 5.12 Citationsbycountry 230 5.13 Subjectsandinterestsbycountry 236 5.14 Medicalsociologyfocusbycountry 239 5.15 Theoreticalframeworksbycountry 243 5.16 Externalresearchfunding 245 5.17 Externalresearchfundingandsponsorship 246 5.18 Externalresearchfundingandsponsorship–By discipline 247 5.19 Orientationtowardsmedicine 248 5.20 Sociologists’orientationstowardsmedicine 249 5.21 Thefundingofresearchandorientationtowards medicine 250 5.22 Orientationtowardsmedicinebyfundingandcountry 251 5.23 Sociologists,workunits,andorientationtowards medicine 252 5.24 Orientationtowardsmedicinebyworkcontextand country 253 viii Introduction Thisvolumeisacontributionfromwithinthesociologyofknowledgeto on-goingdebatesaboutthehistoryofsociology,aboutthewayacademic disciplines are formed, and how resilient they might be in the face of rapid(andradical)changesintheuniversityenvironment.Itposesques- tions about sociologists – the people who inhabit the discipline–and theworktheydo.Itfurnishesanswerstosuchquestionsthroughacom- parative study of the discipline in three countries, offering a history of thesociologyofhealthandmedicineandaninvestigationofthecurrent terrainofthisspecialityfield. Thesociologyofhealthandmedicineisacurrentlyviableandflour- ishingarenaofintellectualactivityfoundinmanycountries,including Australia,theUnitedKingdomandtheUnitedStates.Asaspecialistfield withintheuniversities,ithasdevelopedinstitutionallysinceabout1950 and currently represents about a quarter to one-third of the member- shipofthesecountries’professionalassociations.Despitebeingamajor areaofbothresearchandteaching,fewhistoriesofthefieldhavebeen offered.As onemightexpect,some countrieshavebeen morecompre- hensively studied than others, but to date the only monograph on the historyofmedicalsociologyisaboutitsformationintheUnitedStates. Even more rare have been substantial cross-national comparative anal- yses. This monograph fills the gap, providing the growing population of health and medical sociologists with a book about themselves, their colleagues,theirdiscipline,andtheirhistory. What’sinaname? Sociological enquiry into the nature of health, illness and medicine is knownbydifferentnamesacrosstheglobe.IntheUnitedKingdomthe 1
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